FREQUENCIES
/VARIABLES=var_list
/FORMAT=@{TABLE,NOTABLE,LIMIT(limit)@}
- @{STANDARD,CONDENSE,ONEPAGE[(onepage_limit)]@}
- @{LABELS,NOLABELS@}
@{AVALUE,DVALUE,AFREQ,DFREQ@}
- @{SINGLE,DOUBLE@}
- @{OLDPAGE,NEWPAGE@}
/MISSING=@{EXCLUDE,INCLUDE@}
/STATISTICS=@{DEFAULT,MEAN,SEMEAN,MEDIAN,MODE,STDDEV,VARIANCE,
KURTOSIS,SKEWNESS,RANGE,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,SUM,
/NTILES=ntiles
/PERCENTILES=percent@dots{}
/HISTOGRAM=[MINIMUM(x_min)] [MAXIMUM(x_max)]
- [@{FREQ,PCNT@}] [@{NONORMAL,NORMAL@}]
- /PIECHART=[MINIMUM(x_min)] [MAXIMUM(x_max)] @{NOMISSING,MISSING@}
+ [@{FREQ[(y_max)],PERCENT[(y_max)]@}] [@{NONORMAL,NORMAL@}]
+ /PIECHART=[MINIMUM(x_min)] [MAXIMUM(x_max)]
+ [@{FREQ,PERCENT@}] [@{NOMISSING,MISSING@}]
(These options are not currently implemented.)
/BARCHART=@dots{}
The @cmd{FREQUENCIES} procedure outputs frequency tables for specified
variables.
@cmd{FREQUENCIES} can also calculate and display descriptive statistics
-(including median and mode) and percentiles.
-
-@cmd{FREQUENCIES} also support graphical output in the form of
-histograms and pie charts. In the future, it will be able to produce
-bar charts and output percentiles for grouped data.
+(including median and mode) and percentiles,
+@cmd{FREQUENCIES} can also output
+histograms and pie charts.
The VARIABLES subcommand is the only required subcommand. Specify the
variables to be analyzed.
with a numeric argument causes them to be output except when there are
more than the specified number of values in the table.
-@item
-STANDARD frequency tables contain more complete information, but also to
-take up more space on the printed page. CONDENSE frequency tables are
-less informative but take up less space. ONEPAGE with a numeric
-argument will output standard frequency tables if there are the
-specified number of values or less, condensed tables otherwise. ONEPAGE
-without an argument defaults to a threshold of 50 values.
-
-@item
-LABELS causes value labels to be displayed in STANDARD frequency
-tables. NOLABLES prevents this.
-
@item
Normally frequency tables are sorted in ascending order by value. This
is AVALUE. DVALUE tables are sorted in descending order by value.
AFREQ and DFREQ tables are sorted in ascending and descending order,
respectively, by frequency count.
-
-@item
-SINGLE spaced frequency tables are closely spaced. DOUBLE spaced
-frequency tables have wider spacing.
-
-@item
-OLDPAGE and NEWPAGE are not currently used.
@end itemize
The MISSING subcommand controls the handling of user-missing values.
boundaries of the data set divided into the specified number of ranges.
For instance, @code{/NTILES=4} would cause quartiles to be reported.
+@cindex histogram
The HISTOGRAM subcommand causes the output to include a histogram for
-each specified numeric variable. The X axis by default ranges from the
-minimum to the maximum value observed in the data, but the MINIMUM and
-MAXIMUM keywords can set an explicit range. The Y axis by default is
-labeled in frequencies; use the PERCENT keyword to causes it to be
-labeled in percent of the total observed count. Specify NORMAL to
-superimpose a normal curve on the histogram.
-Histograms are not created for string variables.
+each specified numeric variable. The X axis by default ranges from
+the minimum to the maximum value observed in the data, but the MINIMUM
+and MAXIMUM keywords can set an explicit range. Specify NORMAL to
+superimpose a normal curve on the histogram. Histograms are not
+created for string variables.
+@cindex piechart
The PIECHART adds a pie chart for each variable to the data. Each
slice represents one value, with the size of the slice proportional to
the value's frequency. By default, all non-missing values are given
displayed slices to a given range of values. The MISSING keyword adds
slices for missing values.
+The FREQ and PERCENT options on HISTOGRAM and PIECHART are accepted
+but not currently honored.
+
@node EXAMINE
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@section EXAMINE
how many upper and lower extremes to show. The default number is 5.
+@cindex boxplot
+@cindex histogram
+@cindex npplot
The PLOT subcommand specifies which plots are to be produced if any.
+Available plots are HISTOGRAM, NPPLOT and BOXPLOT.
The COMPARE subcommand is only relevant if producing boxplots, and it is only
useful there is more than one dependent variable and at least one factor. If
[ /EXTRACTION=@{PC, PAF@}]
- [ /PRINT=[INITIAL] [EXTRACTION] [UNIVARIATE] [CORRELATION] [COVARIANCE] [DET] [SIG] [ALL] [DEFAULT] ]
+ [ /ROTATION=@{VARIMAX, EQUAMAX, QUARTIMAX, NOROTATE@}]
+
+ [ /PRINT=[INITIAL] [EXTRACTION] [ROTATION] [UNIVARIATE] [CORRELATION] [COVARIANCE] [DET] [SIG] [ALL] [DEFAULT] ]
[ /PLOT=[EIGEN] ]
If PC is specified, then Principal Components Analysis is used. If PAF is specified, then Principal Axis Factoring is
used. By default Principal Components Analysis will be used.
+The /ROTATION subcommand is used to specify the method by which the extracted solution will be rotated.
+Three methods are available: VARIMAX (which is the default), EQUAMAX, and QUARTIMAX.
+If don't want any rotation to be performed, the word NOROTATE will prevent the command from performing any
+rotation on the data. Oblique rotations are not supported.
+
The /METHOD subcommand should be used to determine whether the covariance matrix or the correlation matrix of the data is
to be analysed. By default, the correlation matrix is analysed.
Initial communalities and eigenvalues are printed.
@item EXTRACTION
Extracted communalities and eigenvalues are printed.
+@item ROTATION
+ Rotated communalities and eigenvalues are printed.
@item CORRELATION
The correlation matrix is printed.
@item COVARIANCE
@menu
* BINOMIAL:: Binomial Test
* CHISQUARE:: Chisquare Test
+* FRIEDMAN:: Friedman Test
+* KRUSKAL-WALLIS:: Kruskal-Wallis Test
* WILCOXON:: Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test
+* RUNS:: Runs Test
* SIGN:: The Sign Test
@end menu
If no /EXPECTED subcommand is given, then then equal frequencies
are expected.
+
+@node FRIEDMAN
+@subsection Friedman Test
+@vindex FRIEDMAN
+@cindex Friedman test
+
+@display
+ [ /FRIEDMAN = varlist ]
+@end display
+
+The Friedman test is used to test for differences between repeated measures when there is no indication that the distributions are normally distributed.
+
+A list of variables which contain the measured data must be given. The procedure prints the sum of ranks for each variable, the test statistic and its significance.
+
+@node KRUSKAL-WALLIS
+@subsection Kruskal-Wallis Test
+@vindex KRUSKAL-WALLIS
+@vindex K-W
+@cindex Kruskal-Wallis test
+
+@display
+ [ /KRUSKAL-WALLIS = varlist BY var (lower, upper) ]
+@end display
+
+The Kruskal-Wallis test is used to compare data from an
+arbitrary number of populations. It does not assume normality.
+The data to be compared are specified by @var{varlist}.
+The categorical variable determining the groups to which the
+data belongs is given by @var{var}. The limits @var{lower} and
+@var{upper} specify the valid range of @var{var}. Any cases for
+which @var{var} falls outside [@var{lower}, @var{upper}] will be
+ignored.
+
+The mean rank of each group as well as the chi-squared value and significance
+of the test will be printed.
+The abbreviated subcommand K-W may be used in place of KRUSKAL-WALLIS.
+
+
@node WILCOXON
@subsection Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Signed Ranks Test
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
of variable preceding @code{WITH} against variable following
@code{WITH} are performed.
+@node RUNS
+@subsection Runs Test
+@vindex RUNS
+@cindex runs test
+
+@display
+ [ /RUNS (@{MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE, value@}) varlist ]
+@end display
+
+The /RUNS subcommand tests whether a data sequence is randomly ordered.
+
+It works by examining the number of times a variable's value crosses a given threshold.
+The desired threshold must be specified within parentheses.
+It may either be specified as a number or as one of MEAN, MEDIAN or MODE.
+Following the threshold specification comes the list of variables whose values are to be
+tested.
+
+The subcommand shows the number of runs, the asymptotic significance based on the
+length of the data.
@node SIGN
@subsection Sign Test
It is used to compare the means of a population
divided into more than two groups.
-The variables to be analysed should be given in the @code{VARIABLES}
+The dependent variables to be analysed should be given in the @code{VARIABLES}
subcommand.
The list of variables must be followed by the @code{BY} keyword and
the name of the independent (or factor) variable.
display a warning, but will proceed with the analysis.
The @code{CONTRAST} subcommand may be given up to 10 times in order
to specify different contrast tests.
+The @code{MISSING} subcommand defines how missing values are handled.
+If LISTWISE is specified then cases which have missing values for
+the independent variable or any dependent variable will be ignored.
+If ANALYSIS is specified, then cases will be ignored if the independent
+variable is missing or if the dependent variable currently being
+analysed is missing. The default is ANALYSIS.
+A setting of EXCLUDE means that variables whose values are
+user-missing are to be excluded from the analysis. A setting of
+INCLUDE means they are to be included. The default is EXCLUDE.
+
@node RANK
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
projects / pspp / blobdiff