+@c PSPP - a program for statistical analysis.
+@c Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+@c under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
+@c or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
+@c with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
+@c A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
+@c Free Documentation License".
+@c
@node Statistics
@chapter Statistics
the entire case is excluded whenever any value in that case has a
system-missing or, if @subcmd{INCLUDE} is set, user-missing value.
-The @subcmd{FORMAT} subcommand affects the output format. Currently the
-@subcmd{LABELS/NOLABELS} and @subcmd{NOINDEX/INDEX} settings are not used.
-When @subcmd{SERIAL} is
-set, both valid and missing number of cases are listed in the output;
-when @subcmd{NOSERIAL} is set, only valid cases are listed.
+The @subcmd{FORMAT} subcommand has no effect. It is accepted for
+backward compatibility.
The @subcmd{SAVE} subcommand causes @cmd{DESCRIPTIVES} to calculate Z scores for all
the specified variables. The Z scores are saved to new variables.
is omitted, then data will be transformed by taking its natural logarithm instead of
raising to the power of @var{t}.
+@cindex Shapiro-Wilk
+When one or more plots are requested, @subcmd{EXAMINE} also performs the
+Shapiro-Wilk test for each category.
+There are however a number of provisos:
+@itemize
+@item All weight values must be integer.
+@item The cumulative weight value must be in the range [3, 5000]
+@end itemize
+
The @subcmd{COMPARE} subcommand is only relevant if producing boxplots, and it is only
useful there is more than one dependent variable and at least one factor.
If
table basis. When set to @subcmd{INCLUDE}, user-missing values are included in
tables and statistics. When set to @subcmd{REPORT}, which is allowed only in
integer mode, user-missing values are included in tables but marked with
-an @samp{M} (for ``missing'') and excluded from statistical
-calculations.
+a footnote and excluded from statistical calculations.
Currently the @subcmd{WRITE} subcommand is ignored.
@cindex data reduction
@display
-FACTOR VARIABLES=@var{var_list}
+FACTOR @{
+ VARIABLES=@var{var_list},
+ MATRIX IN (@{CORR,COV@}=@{*,@var{file_spec}@})
+ @}
[ /METHOD = @{CORRELATION, COVARIANCE@} ]
[ /ROTATION=@{VARIMAX, EQUAMAX, QUARTIMAX, PROMAX[(@var{k})], NOROTATE@}]
- [ /PRINT=[INITIAL] [EXTRACTION] [ROTATION] [UNIVARIATE] [CORRELATION] [COVARIANCE] [DET] [KMO] [SIG] [ALL] [DEFAULT] ]
+ [ /PRINT=[INITIAL] [EXTRACTION] [ROTATION] [UNIVARIATE] [CORRELATION] [COVARIANCE] [DET] [KMO] [AIC] [SIG] [ALL] [DEFAULT] ]
[ /PLOT=[EIGEN] ]
The @cmd{FACTOR} command performs Factor Analysis or Principal Axis Factoring on a dataset. It may be used to find
common factors in the data or for data reduction purposes.
-The @subcmd{VARIABLES} subcommand is required. It lists the variables
-which are to partake in the analysis. (The @subcmd{ANALYSIS}
+The @subcmd{VARIABLES} subcommand is required (unless the @subcmd{MATRIX IN}
+subcommand is used).
+It lists the variables which are to partake in the analysis. (The @subcmd{ANALYSIS}
subcommand may optionally further limit the variables that
-participate; it is not useful and implemented only for compatibility.)
+participate; it is useful primarily in conjunction with @subcmd{MATRIX IN}.)
+
+If @subcmd{MATRIX IN} instead of @subcmd{VARIABLES} is specified, then the analysis
+is performed on a pre-prepared correlation or covariance matrix file instead of on
+individual data cases. Typically the matrix file will have been generated by
+@cmd{MATRIX DATA} (@pxref{MATRIX DATA}) or provided by a third party.
+If specified, @subcmd{MATRIX IN} must be followed by @samp{COV} or @samp{CORR},
+then by @samp{=} and @var{file_spec} all in parentheses.
+@var{file_spec} may either be an asterisk, which indicates the currently loaded
+dataset, or it may be a filename to be loaded. @xref{MATRIX DATA}, for the expected
+format of the file.
The @subcmd{/EXTRACTION} subcommand is used to specify the way in which factors (components) are extracted from the data.
If @subcmd{PC} is specified, then Principal Components Analysis is used.
The covariance matrix is printed.
@item @subcmd{DET}
The determinant of the correlation or covariance matrix is printed.
+@item @subcmd{AIC}
+ The anti-image covariance and anti-image correlation matrices are printed.
@item @subcmd{KMO}
The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy and the Bartlett test of sphericity is printed.
@item @subcmd{SIG}
The @subcmd{MISSING} subcommand determines the handling of missing
variables.
-If @subcmd{INCLUDE} is set, then user-missing values are included in the
-calculations, but system-missing values are not.
-If @subcmd{EXCLUDE} is set, which is the default, user-missing
-values are excluded as well as system-missing values.
-This is the default.
-
+If @subcmd{INCLUDE} is set then, for the purposes of GLM analysis,
+only system-missing values are considered
+to be missing; user-missing values are not regarded as missing.
+If @subcmd{EXCLUDE} is set, which is the default, then user-missing
+values are considered to be missing as well as system-missing values.
+A case for which any dependent variable or any factor
+variable has a missing value is excluded from the analysis.
@node LOGISTIC REGRESSION
@section LOGISTIC REGRESSION
[/CRITERIA=CLUSTERS(@var{k}) [MXITER(@var{max_iter})] CONVERGE(@var{epsilon}) [NOINITIAL]]
[/MISSING=@{EXCLUDE,INCLUDE@} @{LISTWISE, PAIRWISE@}]
[/PRINT=@{INITIAL@} @{CLUSTER@}]
+ [/SAVE[=[CLUSTER[(@var{membership_var})]] [DISTANCE[(@var{distance_var})]]]
@end display
The @cmd{QUICK CLUSTER} command performs k-means clustering on the
If @subcmd{CLUSTER} is set, the cluster memberships of the individual
cases will be displayed (potentially generating lengthy output).
+You can specify the subcommand @subcmd{SAVE} to ask that each case's cluster membership
+and the euclidean distance between the case and its cluster center be saved to
+a new variable in the active dataset. To save the cluster membership use the
+@subcmd{CLUSTER} keyword and to save the distance use the @subcmd{DISTANCE} keyword.
+Each keyword may optionally be followed by a variable in parenthesis to specify
+the new variable which is to contain the saved parameter.
@node RANK
@section RANK
projects / pspp / blobdiff