+@c PSPP - a program for statistical analysis.
+@c Copyright (C) 2017, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+@c under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
+@c or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
+@c with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
+@c A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
+@c Free Documentation License".
+@c
@node Invoking PSPP
@chapter Invoking @command{pspp}
@cindex invocation
-@cindex PSPP, invoking
+@cindex @pspp{}, invoking
-PSPP has two separate user interfaces. This chapter describes
-@command{pspp}, PSPP's command-line driven text-based user interface.
+@pspp{} has two separate user interfaces. This chapter describes
+@command{pspp}, @pspp{}'s command-line driven text-based user interface.
The following chapter briefly describes PSPPIRE, the graphical user
-interface to PSPP.
+interface to @pspp{}.
The sections below describe the @command{pspp} program's command-line
interface.
@menu
-* Main Options::
-* PDF PostScript and SVG Output Options::
-* Plain Text Output Options::
-* HTML Output Options::
-* OpenDocument Output Options::
-* Comma-Separated Value Output Options::
+* Main Options::
+* PDF PostScript SVG and PNG Output Options::
+* Plain Text Output Options::
+* TeX Output Options::
+* HTML Output Options::
+* OpenDocument Output Options::
+* Comma-Separated Value Output Options::
@end menu
@node Main Options
-O format=@var{format}
-O device=@{terminal|listing@}
--no-output
+--table-look=@var{file}
-e, --error-file=@var{error-file}
@end example
@end example
@end table
-@table @code
+@table @asis
@item @var{syntax-file}
Read and execute the named syntax file. If no syntax files are
-specified, PSPP prompts for commands. If any syntax files are
-specified, PSPP by default exits after it runs them, but you may make
+specified, @pspp{} prompts for commands. If any syntax files are
+specified, @pspp{} by default exits after it runs them, but you may make
it prompt for commands by specifying @samp{-} as an additional syntax
file.
-@item -o @var{output-file}
-Write output to @var{output-file}. PSPP has several different output
+@item @option{-o @var{output-file}}
+Write output to @var{output-file}. @pspp{} has several different output
drivers that support output in various formats (use @option{--help} to
list the available formats). Specify this option more than once to
produce multiple output files, presumably in different formats.
Use @samp{-} as @var{output-file} to write output to standard output.
-If no @option{-o} option is used, then PSPP writes output to standard
-output in plain text format.
+If no @option{-o} option is used, then @pspp{} writes text and CSV
+output to standard output and other kinds of output to whose name is
+based on the format, @i{e.g.}@: @file{pspp.pdf} for PDF output.
-@item -O @var{option}=@var{value}
+@item @option{-O @var{option}=@var{value}}
Sets an option for the output file configured by a preceding
@option{-o}. Most options are specific to particular output formats.
A few options that apply generically are listed below.
-@item -O format=@var{format}
-PSPP uses the extension of the file name given on @option{-o} to
+@item @option{-O format=@var{format}}
+@pspp{} uses the extension of the file name given on @option{-o} to
select an output format. Use this option to override this choice by
-specifying an alternate format, e.g.@: @option{-o pspp.out -O html} to
+specifying an alternate format, @i{e.g.}@: @option{-o pspp.out -O format=html} to
write HTML to a file named @file{pspp.out}. Use @option{--help} to
list the available formats.
-@item -O device=@{terminal|listing@}
-Sets whether PSPP considers the output device configured by the
+@item @option{-O device=@{terminal|listing@}}
+Sets whether @pspp{} considers the output device configured by the
preceding @option{-o} to be a terminal or a listing device. This
affects what output will be sent to the device, as configured by the
SET command's output routing subcommands (@pxref{SET}). By default,
output written to standard output is considered a terminal device and
other output is considered a listing device.
-@item --no-output
+@item @option{--no-output}
Disables output entirely, if neither @option{-o} nor @option{-O} is
also used. If one of those options is used, @option{--no-output} has
no effect.
-@item -e @var{error-file}
-@itemx --error-file=@var{error-file}
-Configures a file to receive PSPP error, warning, and note messages in
+@item @option{--table-look=@var{file}}
+Reads a table style from @var{file} and applies it to all @pspp{}
+table output. The file should be a TableLook @file{.stt} or
+@file{.tlo} file. @pspp{} searches for @var{file} in the current
+directory, then in @file{.pspp/looks} in the user's home directory,
+then in a @file{looks} subdirectory inside @pspp{}'s data directory
+(usually @file{/usr/local/share/pspp}). If @pspp{} cannot find
+@var{file} under the given name, it also tries adding a @file{.stt}
+extension.
+
+When this option is not specified, @pspp{} looks for
+@file{default.stt} using the algorithm above, and otherwise it falls
+back to a default built-in style.
+
+Using @code{SET TLOOK} in @pspp{} syntax overrides the style set on
+the command line (@pxref{SET}).
+
+@item @option{-e @var{error-file}}
+@itemx @option{--error-file=@var{error-file}}
+Configures a file to receive @pspp{} error, warning, and note messages in
plain text format. Use @samp{-} as @var{error-file} to write messages
to standard output. The default error file is standard output in the
absence of these options, but this is suppressed if an output device
every message twice. Use @samp{none} as @var{error-file} to
explicitly suppress the default.
-@item -I @var{dir}
-@itemx --include=@var{dir}
-Appends @var{dir} to the set of directories searched by INCLUDE
-(@pxref{INCLUDE}) and INSERT (@pxref{INSERT}).
+@item @option{-I @var{dir}}
+@itemx @option{--include=@var{dir}}
+Appends @var{dir} to the set of directories searched by the @cmd{INCLUDE}
+(@pxref{INCLUDE}) and @cmd{INSERT} (@pxref{INSERT}) commands.
-@item -I-
-@itemx --no-include
+@item @option{-I-}
+@itemx @option{--no-include}
Clears all directories from the include path, including directories
inserted in the include path by default. The default include path is
@file{.} (the current directory), followed by @file{.pspp} in the
-user's home directory, followed by PSPP's system configuration
+user's home directory, followed by @pspp{}'s system configuration
directory (usually @file{/etc/pspp} or @file{/usr/local/etc/pspp}).
-@item -b
-@item --batch
-@item -i
-@itemx --interactive
+@item @option{-b}
+@item @option{--batch}
+@item @option{-i}
+@itemx @option{--interactive}
These options forces syntax files to be interpreted in batch mode or
interactive mode, respectively, rather than the default ``auto'' mode.
@xref{Syntax Variants}, for a description of the differences.
-@item -r
-@itemx --no-statrc
-Disables running @file{rc} at PSPP startup time.
+@item @option{-r}
+@itemx @option{--no-statrc}
+By default, at startup @pspp{} searches for a file named @file{rc} in
+the include path (described above) and, if it finds one, runs the
+commands in it. This option disables this behavior.
-@item -a @{enhanced|compatible@}
-@itemx --algorithm=@{enhanced|compatible@}
-With @code{enhanced}, the default, PSPP uses the best implemented
+@item @option{-a @{enhanced|compatible@}}
+@itemx @option{--algorithm=@{enhanced|compatible@}}
+With @code{enhanced}, the default, @pspp{} uses the best implemented
algorithms for statistical procedures. With @code{compatible},
-however, PSPP will in some cases use inferior algorithms to produce
+however, @pspp{} will in some cases use inferior algorithms to produce
the same results as the proprietary program SPSS.
Some commands have subcommands that override this setting on a per
command basis.
-@item -x @{enhanced|compatible@}
-@itemx --syntax=@{enhanced|compatible@}
-With @code{enhanced}, the default, PSPP accepts its own extensions
+@item @option{-x @{enhanced|compatible@}}
+@itemx @option{--syntax=@{enhanced|compatible@}}
+With @code{enhanced}, the default, @pspp{} accepts its own extensions
beyond those compatible with the proprietary program SPSS. With
-@code{compatible}, PSPP rejects syntax that uses these extensions.
+@code{compatible}, @pspp{} rejects syntax that uses these extensions.
-@item --syntax-encoding=@var{encoding}
+@item @option{--syntax-encoding=@var{encoding}}
Specifies @var{encoding} as the encoding for syntax files named on the
command line. The @var{encoding} also becomes the default encoding
-for other syntax files read during the PSPP session by the
+for other syntax files read during the @pspp{} session by the
@cmd{INCLUDE} and @cmd{INSERT} commands. @xref{INSERT}, for the
accepted forms of @var{encoding}.
-@item --help
-Prints a message describing PSPP command-line syntax and the available
+@item @option{--help}
+Prints a message describing @pspp{} command-line syntax and the available
device formats, then exits.
-@item -V
-@itemx --version
-Prints a brief message listing PSPP's version, warranties you don't
+@item @option{-V}
+@itemx @option{--version}
+Prints a brief message listing @pspp{}'s version, warranties you don't
have, copying conditions and copyright, and e-mail address for bug
reports, then exits.
-@item -s
-@itemx --safer
-Disables certain unsafe operations. This includes the ERASE and
-HOST commands, as well as use of pipes as input and output files.
+@item @option{-s}
+@itemx @option{--safer}
+Disables certain unsafe operations. This includes the @subcmd{ERASE} and
+@subcmd{HOST} commands, as well as use of pipes as input and output files.
-@item --testing-mode
-Invoke heuristics to assist with testing PSPP. For use by @code{make
-check} and similar scripts.
+@item @option{--testing-mode}
+Invoke heuristics to assist with testing @pspp{}. For use
+by @command{make check} and similar scripts.
@end table
-@node PDF PostScript and SVG Output Options
-@section PDF, PostScript, and SVG Output Options
-
-To produce output in PDF, PostScript, and SVG formats, specify
-@option{-o @var{file}} on the PSPP command line, optionally followed
-by any of the options shown in the table below to customize the output
-format.
+@node PDF PostScript SVG and PNG Output Options
+@section PDF, PostScript, SVG, and PNG Output Options
+@cindex PDF
+@cindex Postscript
+@cindex SVG
+@cindex PNG
+
+To produce output in PDF, PostScript, SVG, or PNG format, specify
+@option{-o @var{file}} on the @pspp{} command line, optionally
+followed by any of the options shown in the table below to customize
+the output format.
+
+PDF, PostScript, and SVG use real units: each dimension among the
+options listed below may have a suffix @samp{mm} for millimeters,
+@samp{in} for inches, or @samp{pt} for points. Lacking a suffix,
+numbers below 50 are assumed to be in inches and those about 50 are
+assumed to be in millimeters.
+
+PNG files are pixel-based, so dimensions in PNG output must ultimately
+be measured in pixels. For output to these files, PSPP translates the
+specified dimensions to pixels at 72 pixels per inch. For PNG output
+only, fonts are by default rendered larger than this, at 96 pixels per
+inch.
+
+An SVG or PNG file can only hold a single page. When PSPP outputs
+more than one page to SVG or PNG, it creates multiple files. It
+outputs the second page to a file named with a @code{-2} suffix, the
+third with a @code{-3} suffix, and so on.
-PDF, PostScript, and SVG output is only available if your installation
-of PSPP was compiled with the Cairo library.
-
-@table @code
-@item -O format=@{pdf|ps|svg@}
+@table @asis
+@item @option{-O format=@{pdf|ps|svg|png@}}
Specify the output format. This is only necessary if the file name
-given on @option{-o} does not end in @file{.pdf}, @file{.ps}, or
-@file{.svg}.
+given on @option{-o} does not end in @file{.pdf}, @file{.ps},
+@file{.svg}, or @file{.png}.
-@item -O paper-size=@var{paper-size}
-Paper size, as a name (e.g.@: @code{a4}, @code{letter}) or
-measurements (e.g.@: @code{210x297}, @code{8.5x11in}).
+@item @option{-O paper-size=@var{paper-size}}
+Paper size, as a name (@i{e.g.}@: @code{a4}, @code{letter}) or
+measurements (@i{e.g.}@: @code{210x297}, @code{8.5x11in}).
The default paper size is taken from the @env{PAPERSIZE} environment
variable or the file indicated by the @env{PAPERCONF} environment
the default paper size is read from it. As a last resort, A4 paper is
assumed.
-@item -O orientation=@var{orientation}
+@item @option{-O foreground-color=@var{color}}
+Sets @var{color} as the default color for lines and text. Use a CSS
+color format (e.g.@: @code{#@var{rr}@var{gg}@var{bb}}) or name (e.g.@:
+@code{black}) as @var{color}.
+
+@item @option{-O orientation=@var{orientation}}
Either @code{portrait} or @code{landscape}. Default: @code{portrait}.
-@item -O left-margin=@var{dimension}
-@itemx -O right-margin=@var{dimension}
-@itemx -O top-margin=@var{dimension}
-@itemx -O bottom-margin=@var{dimension}
+@item @option{-O left-margin=@var{dimension}}
+@itemx @option{-O right-margin=@var{dimension}}
+@itemx @option{-O top-margin=@var{dimension}}
+@itemx @option{-O bottom-margin=@var{dimension}}
Sets the margins around the page. See
below for the allowed forms of @var{dimension} Default: @code{0.5in}.
-@item -O prop-font=@var{font-name}
-@itemx -O emph-font=@var{font-name}
-@itemx -O fixed-font=@var{font-name}
-Sets the font used for proportional, emphasized, or fixed-pitch text.
-Most systems support CSS-like font names such as ``serif'' and
-``monospace'', but a wide range of system-specific font are likely to
-be supported as well.
+@item @option{-O prop-font=@var{font-name}}
+Sets the default font used for ordinary text. Most systems support
+CSS-like font names such as ``Sans Serif'', but a wide range of
+system-specific fonts are likely to be supported as well.
-Default: proportional font @code{serif}, emphasis font @code{serif
-italic}, fixed-pitch font @code{monospace}.
+Default: proportional font @code{Sans Serif}.
-@item -O font-size=@var{font-size}
+@item @option{-O font-size=@var{font-size}}
Sets the size of the default fonts, in thousandths of a point. Default:
10000 (10 point).
-@item -O line-gutter=@var{dimension}
-Sets the width of white space on either side of lines that border text
-or graphics objects. Default: @code{1pt}.
-
-@item -O line-spacing=@var{dimension}
-Sets the spacing between the lines in a double line in a table.
-Default: @code{1pt}.
-
-@item -O line-width=@var{dimension}
-Sets the width of the lines used in tables. Default: @code{0.5pt}.
+@item @option{-O trim=true}
+This option makes PSPP trim empty space around each page of output,
+before adding the margins. This can make the output easier to include
+in other documents.
+
+@item @option{-O outline=@var{boolean}}
+For PDF output only, this option controls whether PSPP includes an
+outline in the output file. PDF viewers usually display the outline
+as a side bar that allows for easy navigation of the file.
+The default is true unless @option{-O trim=true} is also specified.
+(The Cairo graphics library that PSPP uses to produce PDF output has a
+bug that can cause a crash when outlines and trimming are used
+together.)
+
+@item @option{-O font-resolution=@var{dpi}}
+Sets the resolution for font rendering, in dots per inch. For PDF,
+PostScript, and SVG output, the default is 72 dpi, so that a 10-point
+font is rendered with a height of 10 points. For PNG output, the
+default is 96 dpi, so that a 10-point font is rendered with a height
+of @math{10 / 72 * 96 = 13.3} pixels. Use a larger @var{dpi} to
+enlarge text output, or a smaller @var{dpi} to shrink it.
@end table
-Each @var{dimension} value above may be specified in various units
-based on its suffix: @samp{mm} for millimeters, @samp{in} for inches,
-or @samp{pt} for points. Lacking a suffix, numbers below 50 are
-assumed to be in inches and those about 50 are assumed to be in
-millimeters.
-
@node Plain Text Output Options
@section Plain Text Output Options
-PSPP can produce plain text output, drawing boxes using ASCII or
+@pspp{} can produce plain text output, drawing boxes using ASCII or
Unicode line drawing characters. To produce plain text output,
-specify @option{-o @var{file}} on the PSPP command line, optionally
+specify @option{-o @var{file}} on the @pspp{} command line, optionally
followed by options from the table below to customize the output
format.
Plain text output is encoded in UTF-8.
-@table @code
-@item -O format=txt
+@table @asis
+@item @option{-O format=txt}
Specify the output format. This is only necessary if the file name
given on @option{-o} does not end in @file{.txt} or @file{.list}.
-@item -O charts=@{@var{template}.png|none@}
+@item @option{-O charts=@{@var{template}.png|none@}}
Name for chart files included in output. The value should be a file
name that includes a single @samp{#} and ends in @file{png}. When a
chart is output, the @samp{#} is replaced by the chart number. The
default is the file name specified on @option{-o} with the extension
stripped off and replaced by @file{-#.png}.
-Specify @code{none} to disable chart output. Charts are always
-disabled if your installation of PSPP was compiled without the
-Cairo library.
-
-@item -O paginate=@var{boolean}
-If set, PSPP writes an ASCII formfeed the end of every page. Default:
-@code{off}.
-
-@item -O headers=@var{boolean}
-If enabled, PSPP prints two lines of header information giving title
-and subtitle, page number, date and time, and PSPP version are printed
-at the top of every page. These two lines are in addition to any top
-margin requested. Default: @code{off}.
-
-@item -O length=@var{line-count}
-Physical length of a page. Headers and margins are subtracted from
-this value. You may specify the number of lines as a number, or for
-screen output you may specify @code{auto} to track the height of the
-terminal as it changes. Default: @code{66}.
-
-@item -O width=@var{character-count}
-Width of a page, in characters. Margins are subtracted from this
-value. For screen output you may specify @code{auto} in place of a
-number to track the width of the terminal as it changes. Default:
-@code{79}.
-
-@item -O top-margin=@var{top-margin-lines}
-Length of the top margin, in lines. PSPP subtracts this value from
-the page length. Default: @code{0}.
-
-@item -O bottom-margin=@var{bottom-margin-lines}
-Length of the bottom margin, in lines. PSPP subtracts this value from
-the page length. Default: @code{0}.
-
-@item -O box=@{ascii|unicode@}
-Sets the characters used for lines in tables. The default,
-@code{ascii}, uses @samp{-}, @samp{|}, and @samp{+} for single-width
-lines and @samp{=} and @samp{#} for double-width lines. Specify
-@code{unicode} to use Unicode box drawing characters.
-
-@item -O emphasis=@{none|bold|underline@}
+Specify @code{none} to disable chart output.
+
+@item @option{-O foreground-color=@var{color}}
+@itemx @option{-O background-color=@var{color}}
+Sets @var{color} as the color to be used for the background or foreground to
+be used for charts.
+Color should be given in the format @code{#@var{RRRR}@var{GGGG}@var{BBBB}},
+where @var{RRRR}, @var{GGGG} and @var{BBBB} are 4 character hexadecimal
+representations of the red, green and blue components respectively.
+If charts are disabled, this option has no effect.
+
+@item @option{-O width=@var{columns}}
+Width of a page, in columns. If unspecified or given as @code{auto},
+the default is the width of the terminal, for interactive output, or
+the WIDTH setting (@pxref{SET}), for output to a file.
+
+@item @option{-O box=@{ascii|unicode@}}
+Sets the characters used for lines in tables.
+If set to
+@code{ascii} the characters @samp{-}, @samp{|}, and @samp{+} for single-width
+lines and @samp{=} and @samp{#} for double-width lines are used.
+If set to @code{unicode} then Unicode box drawing characters will be used.
+The default is @code{unicode} if the locale's character encoding is "UTF-8"
+or @code{ascii} otherwise.
+
+@item @option{-O emphasis=@{none|bold|underline@}}
How to emphasize text. Bold and underline emphasis are achieved with
overstriking, which may not be supported by all the software to which
you might pass the output. Default: @code{none}.
@end table
+@node TeX Output Options
+@section TeX Output Options
+@cindex @TeX{}
+@cindex tex
+
+If you want to publish statistical results in professional or academic
+journals, you will probably want to provide results in @TeX{} format.
+To do this, specify @option{-o @var{file}} on the @pspp{} command line where
+@var{file} is a file name ending in @file{.tex}, or you can specify
+@option{-O format=tex}.
+
+The resulting file can be directly processed using @TeX{} or you can manually
+edit the file to add commentary text.
+Alternatively, you can cut and paste desired sections to another @TeX{} file.
+
@node HTML Output Options
@section HTML Output Options
-
+@cindex HTML
To produce output in HTML format, specify @option{-o @var{file}} on
-the PSPP command line, optionally followed by any of the options shown
+the @pspp{} command line, optionally followed by any of the options shown
in the table below to customize the output format.
-@table @code
-@item -O format=html
+@table @asis
+@item @option{-O format=html}
Specify the output format. This is only necessary if the file name
given on @option{-o} does not end in @file{.html}.
-@item -O charts=@{@var{template}.png|none@}
+@item @option{-O charts=@{@var{template}.png|none@}}
Sets the name used for chart files. @xref{Plain Text Output Options},
for details.
+
+@item @option{-O borders=@var{boolean}}
+Decorate the tables with borders. If set to false, the tables produced
+will have no borders. The default value is true.
+
+@item @option{-O bare=@var{boolean}}
+The HTML output driver ordinarily outputs a complete HTML document.
+If set to true, the driver instead outputs only what would normally be
+the contents of the @code{body} element. The default value is false.
+
+@item @option{-O css=@var{boolean}}
+Use cascading style sheets. Cascading style sheets give an improved appearance
+and can be used to produce pages which fit a certain web site's style.
+The default value is true.
+
@end table
@node OpenDocument Output Options
@section OpenDocument Output Options
To produce output as an OpenDocument text (ODT) document, specify
-@option{-o @var{file}} on the PSPP command line. If @var{file} does
+@option{-o @var{file}} on the @pspp{} command line. If @var{file} does
not end in @file{.odt}, you must also specify @option{-O format=odt}.
-ODT support is only available if your installation of PSPP was
+ODT support is only available if your installation of @pspp{} was
compiled with the libxml2 library.
The OpenDocument output format does not have any configurable options.
@section Comma-Separated Value Output Options
To produce output in comma-separated value (CSV) format, specify
-@option{-o @var{file}} on the PSPP command line, optionally followed
+@option{-o @var{file}} on the @pspp{} command line, optionally followed
by any of the options shown in the table below to customize the output
format.
-@table @code
-@item -O format=csv
+@table @asis
+@item @option{-O format=csv}
Specify the output format. This is only necessary if the file name
given on @option{-o} does not end in @file{.csv}.
-@item -O separator=@var{field-separator}
+@item @option{-O separator=@var{field-separator}}
Sets the character used to separate fields. Default: a comma
(@samp{,}).
-@item -O quote=@var{qualifier}
+@item @option{-O quote=@var{qualifier}}
Sets @var{qualifier} as the character used to quote fields that
contain white space, the separator (or any of the characters in the
separator, if it contains more than one character), or the quote
only the first character is used; if @var{qualifier} is the empty
string, then fields are never quoted.
-@item -O captions=@var{boolean}
-Whether table captions should be printed. Default: @code{on}.
+@item @option{-O titles=@var{boolean}}
+Whether table titles (brief descriptions) should be printed. Default:
+@code{on}.
+
+@item @option{-O captions=@var{boolean}}
+Whether table captions (more extensive descriptions) should be
+printed. Default: on.
@end table
The CSV format used is an extension to that specified in RFC 4180:
Each table row is output on a separate line, and each column is output
as a field. The contents of a cell that spans multiple rows or
columns is output only for the top-left row and column; the rest are
-output as empty fields. When a table has a caption and captions are
-enabled, the caption is output just above the table as a single field
-prefixed by @samp{Table:}.
+output as empty fields.
+
+@item Titles
+When a table has a title and titles are enabled, the title is output
+just above the table as a single field prefixed by @samp{Table:}.
+
+@item Captions
+When a table has a caption and captions are enabled, the caption is
+output just below the table as a single field prefixed by
+@samp{Caption:}.
+
+@item Footnotes
+Within a table, footnote markers are output as bracketed letters
+following the cell's contents, @i{e.g.}@tie{}@samp{[a]}, @samp{[b]},
+@enddots{} The footnotes themselves are output following the body of
+the table, as a separate two-column table introduced with a line that
+says @samp{Footnotes:}. Each row in the table represent one footnote:
+the first column is the marker, the second column is the text.
@item Text
Text in output is printed as a field on a line by itself. The TITLE
@cindex Graphic user interface
@cindex PSPPIRE
-The PSPPIRE graphic user interface for PSPP can perform all
+The PSPPIRE graphic user interface for @pspp{} can perform all
functionality of the command line interface. In addition it gives an
instantaneous view of the data, variables and statistical output.
-The graphic user interface can be started by typing @command{psppire} at a
+The graphic user interface can be started by typing @command{psppire} at a
command prompt.
-Alternatively many systems have a system of interactive menus or buttons
+Alternatively many systems have a system of interactive menus or buttons
from which @command{psppire} can be started by a series of mouse clicks.
-Once the principles of the PSPP system are understood,
+Once the principles of the @pspp{} system are understood,
the graphic user interface is designed to be largely intuitive, and
for this reason is covered only very briefly by this manual.
projects / pspp / blobdiff