@c
@node System File Format
-@appendix System File Format
+@chapter System File Format
-A system file encapsulates a set of cases and dictionary information
-that describes how they may be interpreted. This chapter describes
-the format of a system file.
+An SPSS system file holds a set of cases and dictionary information
+that describes how they may be interpreted. The system file format
+dates back 40+ years and has evolved greatly over that time to support
+new features, but in a way to facilitate interchange between even the
+oldest and newest versions of software. This chapter describes the
+system file format.
System files use four data types: 8-bit characters, 32-bit integers,
64-bit integers,
@table @code
@item int32 measure;
-The measurement type of the variable:
+The measurement level of the variable:
@table @asis
+@item 0
+Unknown
@item 1
-Nominal Scale
+Nominal
@item 2
-Ordinal Scale
+Ordinal
@item 3
-Continuous Scale
+Scale
@end table
-SPSS sometimes writes a @code{measure} of 0. PSPP interprets this as
-nominal scale.
+An ``unknown'' @code{measure} of 0 means that the variable was created
+in some way that doesn't make the measurement level clear, e.g.@: with
+a @code{COMPUTE} transformation. PSPP sets the measurement level the
+first time it reads the data using the rules documented in
+@ref{Measurement Level,,,pspp, PSPP Users Guide}, so this should
+rarely appear.
@item int32 width;
The width of the display column for the variable in characters.
@table @asis
@item 5
-A set of grouped variables (according to Aapi H@"am@"al@"ainen).
+A named variable set for use in the GUI (according to Aapi
+H@"am@"al@"ainen).
@item 6
Date info, probably related to USE (according to Aapi H@"am@"al@"ainen).