+#include "libpspp/assertion.h"
+#include "libpspp/hmapx.h"
+#include "libpspp/hash-functions.h"
+#include "libpspp/pool.h"
+#include "libpspp/str.h"
+#include "libpspp/version.h"
+
+#include "gl/localcharset.h"
+#include "gl/xalloc.h"
+#include "gl/relocatable.h"
+#include "gl/xstrndup.h"
+
+struct converter
+ {
+ char *tocode;
+ char *fromcode;
+ iconv_t conv;
+ };
+
+static char *default_encoding;
+static struct hmapx map;
+
+/* A wrapper around iconv_open */
+static iconv_t
+create_iconv (const char* tocode, const char* fromcode)
+{
+ size_t hash;
+ struct hmapx_node *node;
+ struct converter *converter;
+ assert (fromcode);
+
+ hash = hash_string (tocode, hash_string (fromcode, 0));
+ HMAPX_FOR_EACH_WITH_HASH (converter, node, hash, &map)
+ if (!strcmp (tocode, converter->tocode)
+ && !strcmp (fromcode, converter->fromcode))
+ return converter->conv;
+
+ converter = xmalloc (sizeof *converter);
+ converter->tocode = xstrdup (tocode);
+ converter->fromcode = xstrdup (fromcode);
+ converter->conv = iconv_open (tocode, fromcode);
+ hmapx_insert (&map, converter, hash);
+
+ /* I don't think it's safe to translate this string or to use messaging
+ as the converters have not yet been set up */
+ if ( (iconv_t) -1 == converter->conv && 0 != strcmp (tocode, fromcode))
+ {
+ const int err = errno;
+ fprintf (stderr,
+ "Warning: "
+ "cannot create a converter for `%s' to `%s': %s\n",
+ fromcode, tocode, strerror (err));
+ }