+
+@node MEANS
+@section MEANS
+
+@vindex MEANS
+@cindex means
+
+@display
+MEANS [TABLES =]
+ @{varlist@}
+ [ BY @{varlist@} [BY @{varlist@} [BY @{varlist@} @dots{} ]]]
+
+ [ /@{varlist@}
+ [ BY @{varlist@} [BY @{varlist@} [BY @{varlist@} @dots{} ]]] ]
+
+ [/CELLS = [MEAN] [COUNT] [STDDEV] [SEMEAN] [SUM] [MIN] [MAX] [RANGE]
+ [VARIANCE] [KURT] [SEKURT]
+ [SKEW] [SESKEW] [FIRST] [LAST]
+ [HARMONIC] [GEOMETRIC]
+ [DEFAULT]
+ [ALL]
+ [NONE] ]
+
+ [/MISSING = [TABLE] [INCLUDE] [DEPENDENT]]
+@end display
+
+You can use the MEANS command to calculate the arithmetic mean and similar
+statistics, either for the dataset as a whole or for categories of data.
+
+The simplest form of the command is
+@example
+MEANS @var{v}.
+@end example
+@noindent which calculates the mean, count and standard deviation for @var{v}.
+If you specify a grouping variable, for example
+@example
+MEANS @var{v} BY @var{g}.
+@end example
+@noindent then the means, counts and standard deviations for @var{v} after having
+been grouped by @var{g} will be calculated.
+Instead of the mean, count and standard deviation, you could specify the statistics
+in which you are interested:
+@example
+MEANS @var{x} @var{y} BY @var{g}
+ /CELLS = HARMONIC SUM MIN.
+@end example
+This example calculates the harmonic mean, the sum and the minimum values of @var{x} and @var{y}
+grouped by @var{g}.
+
+The CELLS subcommand specifies which statistics to calculate. The available statistics
+are:
+@itemize
+@item MEAN
+@cindex arithmetic mean
+ The arithmetic mean.
+@item COUNT
+ The count of the values.
+@item STDDEV
+ The standard deviation.
+@item SEMEAN
+ The standard error of the mean.
+@item SUM
+ The sum of the values.
+@item MIN
+ The minimum value.
+@item MAX
+ The maximum value.
+@item RANGE
+ The difference between the maximum and minimum values.
+@item VARIANCE
+ The variance.
+@item FIRST
+ The first value in the category.
+@item LAST
+ The last value in the category.
+@item SKEW
+ The skewness.
+@item SESKEW
+ The standard error of the skewness.
+@item KURT
+ The kurtosis
+@item SEKURT
+ The standard error of the kurtosis.
+@item HARMONIC
+@cindex harmonic mean
+ The harmonic mean.
+@item GEOMETRIC
+@cindex geometric mean
+ The geometric mean.
+@end itemize
+
+In addition, three special keywords are recognized:
+@itemize
+@item DEFAULT
+ This is the same as MEAN COUNT STDDEV
+@item ALL
+ All of the above statistics will be calculated.
+@item NONE
+ No statistics will be calculated (only a summary will be shown).
+@end itemize
+
+
+More than one @dfn{table} can be specified in a single command.
+Each table is separated by a @samp{/}. For
+example
+@example
+MEANS TABLES =
+ @var{c} @var{d} @var{e} BY @var{x}
+ /@var{a} @var{b} BY @var{x} @var{y}
+ /@var{f} BY @var{y} BY @var{z}.
+@end example
+has three tables (the @samp{TABLE =} is optional).
+The first table has three dependent variables @var{c}, @var{d} and @var{e}
+and a single categorical variable @var{x}.
+The second table has two dependent variables @var{a} and @var{b},
+and two categorical variables @var{x} and @var{y}.
+The third table has a single dependent variables @var{f}
+and a categorical variable formed by the combination of @var{y} and @var{z}.
+
+
+By default values are omitted from the analysis only if missing values
+(either system missing or user missing)
+for any of the variables directly involved in their calculation are
+encountered.
+This behaviour can be modified with the /MISSING subcommand.
+Three options are possible: TABLE, INCLUDE and DEPENDENT.
+
+/MISSING = TABLE causes cases to be dropped if any variable is missing
+in the table specification currently being processed, regardless of
+whether it is needed to calculate the statistic.
+
+/MISSING = INCLUDE says that user missing values, either in the dependent
+variables or in the categorical variables should be taken at their face
+value, and not excluded.
+
+/MISSING = DEPENDENT says that user missing values, in the dependent
+variables should be taken at their face value, however cases which
+have user missing values for the categorical variables should be omitted
+from the calculation.
projects / pspp / blobdiff