Text Importer: Added filter to the file chooser.

[pspp] / doc / expressions.texi

diff --git a/doc/expressions.texi b/doc/expressions.texi
index 32ace6c2dca2763ce716388c097d5e996f84650c..65778d0424188c0db3fc39d3b9183491e6583643 100644 (file)
--- a/doc/expressions.texi
+++ b/doc/expressions.texi
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 @cindex expressions, mathematical
 @cindex mathematical expressions
 
 @cindex expressions, mathematical
 @cindex mathematical expressions
 

-Expressions share a common syntax each place they appear in PSPP
+Expressions share a common syntax each place they appear in @pspp{}

 commands.  Expressions are made up of @dfn{operands}, which can be
 numbers, strings, or variable names, separated by @dfn{operators}.
 There are five types of operators: grouping, arithmetic, logical,
 commands.  Expressions are made up of @dfn{operands}, which can be
 numbers, strings, or variable names, separated by @dfn{operators}.
 There are five types of operators: grouping, arithmetic, logical,


@@ -15,14 +15,14 @@ strings or numbers as operands.  With few exceptions, operands may be
 full-fledged expressions in themselves.
 
 @menu
 full-fledged expressions in themselves.
 
 @menu

-* Boolean Values::              Boolean values.
-* Missing Values in Expressions::  Using missing values in expressions.
-* Grouping Operators::          parentheses
-* Arithmetic Operators::        add sub mul div pow
-* Logical Operators::           AND NOT OR
-* Relational Operators::        EQ GE GT LE LT NE
-* Functions::                   More-sophisticated operators.
-* Order of Operations::         Operator precedence.
+* Boolean Values::                 Boolean values
+* Missing Values in Expressions::  Using missing values in expressions
+* Grouping Operators::             parentheses
+* Arithmetic Operators::           add sub mul div pow
+* Logical Operators::              AND NOT OR
+* Relational Operators::           EQ GE GT LE LT NE
+* Functions::                      More-sophisticated operators
+* Order of Operations::            Operator precedence

 @end menu
 
 @node Boolean Values
 @end menu
 
 @node Boolean Values


@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ full-fledged expressions in themselves.
 @cindex Boolean
 @cindex values, Boolean
 
 @cindex Boolean
 @cindex values, Boolean
 

-Some PSPP operators and expressions work with Boolean values, which
+Some @pspp{} operators and expressions work with Boolean values, which

 represent true/false conditions.  Booleans have only three possible
 values: 0 (false), 1 (true), and system-missing (unknown).
 System-missing is neither true nor false and indicates that the true
 represent true/false conditions.  Booleans have only three possible
 values: 0 (false), 1 (true), and system-missing (unknown).
 System-missing is neither true nor false and indicates that the true


@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ True if @var{a} is not equal to @var{b}.
 @cindex @code{(}
 @cindex @code{)}
 @cindex names, of functions
 @cindex @code{(}
 @cindex @code{)}
 @cindex names, of functions

-PSPP functions provide mathematical abilities above and beyond
+@pspp{} functions provide mathematical abilities above and beyond

 those possible using simple operators.  Functions have a common
 syntax: each is composed of a function name followed by a left
 parenthesis, one or more arguments, and a right parenthesis.
 those possible using simple operators.  Functions have a common
 syntax: each is composed of a function name followed by a left
 parenthesis, one or more arguments, and a right parenthesis.


@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ The sections below describe each function in detail.
 * Statistical Functions::       CFVAR MAX MEAN MIN SD SUM VARIANCE
 * String Functions::            CONCAT INDEX LENGTH LOWER LPAD LTRIM NUMBER 
                                 RINDEX RPAD RTRIM STRING SUBSTR UPCASE
 * Statistical Functions::       CFVAR MAX MEAN MIN SD SUM VARIANCE
 * String Functions::            CONCAT INDEX LENGTH LOWER LPAD LTRIM NUMBER 
                                 RINDEX RPAD RTRIM STRING SUBSTR UPCASE

-* Time & Date::                 CTIME.xxx DATE.xxx TIME.xxx XDATE.xxx
+* Time and Date::               CTIME.xxx DATE.xxx TIME.xxx XDATE.xxx

                                 DATEDIFF DATESUM
 * Miscellaneous Functions::     LAG YRMODA VALUELABEL
 * Statistical Distribution Functions::  PDF CDF SIG IDF RV NPDF NCDF
                                 DATEDIFF DATESUM
 * Miscellaneous Functions::     LAG YRMODA VALUELABEL
 * Statistical Distribution Functions::  PDF CDF SIG IDF RV NPDF NCDF


@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ results.
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} ACOS (@var{number})
 Takes the arccosine, in radians, of @var{number}.  Results in
 system-missing if @var{number} is not between -1 and 1 inclusive.
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} ACOS (@var{number})
 Takes the arccosine, in radians, of @var{number}.  Results in
 system-missing if @var{number} is not between -1 and 1 inclusive.

-This function is a PSPP extension.
+This function is a @pspp{} extension.

 @end deftypefn
 
 @cindex arcsine
 @end deftypefn
 
 @cindex arcsine


@@ -691,34 +691,34 @@ has value @code{"cd"}; @code{SUBSTR("nonsense", 4, 10)} has the value
 Returns @var{string}, changing lowercase letters to uppercase letters.
 @end deftypefn
 
 Returns @var{string}, changing lowercase letters to uppercase letters.
 @end deftypefn
 

-@node Time & Date
+@node Time and Date

 @subsection Time & Date Functions
 @cindex functions, time & date
 @cindex times
 @cindex dates
 
 @cindex dates, valid
 @subsection Time & Date Functions
 @cindex functions, time & date
 @cindex times
 @cindex dates
 
 @cindex dates, valid

-For compatibility, PSPP considers dates before 15 Oct 1582 invalid.
+For compatibility, @pspp{} considers dates before 15 Oct 1582 invalid.

 Most time and date functions will not accept earlier dates.
 
 @menu
 Most time and date functions will not accept earlier dates.
 
 @menu

-* Time & Date Concepts::        How times & dates are defined and represented
+* Time and Date Concepts::      How times & dates are defined and represented

 * Time Construction::           TIME.@{DAYS HMS@}
 * Time Extraction::             CTIME.@{DAYS HOURS MINUTES SECONDS@}
 * Date Construction::           DATE.@{DMY MDY MOYR QYR WKYR YRDAY@}
 * Date Extraction::             XDATE.@{DATE HOUR JDAY MDAY MINUTE MONTH
                                        QUARTER SECOND TDAY TIME WEEK
                                        WKDAY YEAR@}
 * Time Construction::           TIME.@{DAYS HMS@}
 * Time Extraction::             CTIME.@{DAYS HOURS MINUTES SECONDS@}
 * Date Construction::           DATE.@{DMY MDY MOYR QYR WKYR YRDAY@}
 * Date Extraction::             XDATE.@{DATE HOUR JDAY MDAY MINUTE MONTH
                                        QUARTER SECOND TDAY TIME WEEK
                                        WKDAY YEAR@}

-* Time & Date Arithmetic::      DATEDIFF DATESUM
+* Time and Date Arithmetic::    DATEDIFF DATESUM

 @end menu
 
 @end menu
 

-@node Time & Date Concepts
+@node Time and Date Concepts

 @subsubsection How times & dates are defined and represented
 
 @cindex time, concepts
 @cindex time, intervals
 @subsubsection How times & dates are defined and represented
 
 @cindex time, concepts
 @cindex time, intervals

-Times and dates are handled by PSPP as single numbers.  A
-@dfn{time} is an interval.  PSPP measures times in seconds.
+Times and dates are handled by @pspp{} as single numbers.  A
+@dfn{time} is an interval.  @pspp{} measures times in seconds.

 Thus, the following intervals correspond with the numeric values given:
                 
 @example
 Thus, the following intervals correspond with the numeric values given:
                 
 @example


@@ -731,9 +731,9 @@ Thus, the following intervals correspond with the numeric values given:
 @cindex dates, concepts
 @cindex time, instants of
 A @dfn{date}, on the other hand, is a particular instant in the past
 @cindex dates, concepts
 @cindex time, instants of
 A @dfn{date}, on the other hand, is a particular instant in the past

-or the future.  PSPP represents a date as a number of seconds since
+or the future.  @pspp{} represents a date as a number of seconds since

 midnight preceding 14 Oct 1582.  Because midnight preceding the dates
 midnight preceding 14 Oct 1582.  Because midnight preceding the dates

-given below correspond with the numeric PSPP dates given:
+given below correspond with the numeric @pspp{} dates given:

 
 @example
               15 Oct 1582                86,400
 
 @example
               15 Oct 1582                86,400


@@ -773,7 +773,7 @@ vice versa.
 @cindex examination, of times
 @cindex time, lengths of
 
 @cindex examination, of times
 @cindex time, lengths of
 

-These functions take numeric arguments in PSPP time format and
+These functions take numeric arguments in @pspp{} time format and

 give numeric results.
 
 @cindex days
 give numeric results.
 
 @cindex days


@@ -886,18 +886,18 @@ Results in a date value corresponding to the day
 @cindex date examination
 
 @cindex arguments, of date extraction functions
 @cindex date examination
 
 @cindex arguments, of date extraction functions

-These functions take numeric arguments in PSPP date or time
+These functions take numeric arguments in @pspp{} date or time

 format and give numeric results.  These names are used for arguments:
 
 @table @var
 @item date
 format and give numeric results.  These names are used for arguments:
 
 @table @var
 @item date

-A numeric value in PSPP date format.
+A numeric value in @pspp{} date format.

 
 @item time
 
 @item time

-A numeric value in PSPP time format.
+A numeric value in @pspp{} time format.

 
 @item time-or-date
 
 @item time-or-date

-A numeric value in PSPP time or date format.
+A numeric value in @pspp{} time or date format.

 @end table
 
 @cindex days
 @end table
 
 @cindex days


@@ -1001,7 +1001,7 @@ Returns the year (as an integer 1582 or greater) corresponding to
 @var{date}.
 @end deftypefn
 
 @var{date}.
 @end deftypefn
 

-@node Time & Date Arithmetic
+@node Time and Date Arithmetic

 @subsubsection Time and Date Arithmetic
 
 @cindex time, mathematical properties of
 @subsubsection Time and Date Arithmetic
 
 @cindex time, mathematical properties of


@@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@ accuracy of some procedures may be affected.  If necessary, convert
 times or dates in seconds to some other unit, like days or years,
 before performing analysis.
 
 times or dates in seconds to some other unit, like days or years,
 before performing analysis.
 

-PSPP supplies a few functions for date arithmetic:
+@pspp{} supplies a few functions for date arithmetic:

 
 @deftypefn {Function} {} DATEDIFF (@var{date2}, @var{date1}, @var{unit})
 Returns the span of time from @var{date1} to @var{date2} in terms of
 
 @deftypefn {Function} {} DATEDIFF (@var{date2}, @var{date1}, @var{unit})
 Returns the span of time from @var{date1} to @var{date2} in terms of


@@ -1077,7 +1077,8 @@ yields the value of that variable for the case @var{n} before the
 current one.  Results in system-missing (for numeric variables) or
 blanks (for string variables) for the first @var{n} cases.
 
 current one.  Results in system-missing (for numeric variables) or
 blanks (for string variables) for the first @var{n} cases.
 

-@code{LAG} obtains values from the cases that become the new active file
+@code{LAG} obtains values from the cases that become the new active
+dataset

 after a procedure executes.  Thus, @code{LAG} will not return values
 from cases dropped by transformations such as @cmd{SELECT IF}, and
 transformations like @cmd{COMPUTE} that modify data will change the
 after a procedure executes.  Thus, @code{LAG} will not return values
 from cases dropped by transformations such as @cmd{SELECT IF}, and
 transformations like @cmd{COMPUTE} that modify data will change the


@@ -1097,7 +1098,7 @@ use of a large value will increase memory consumption.
 @cindex Julian date
 @deftypefn {Function} {} YRMODA (@var{year}, @var{month}, @var{day})
 @var{year} is a year, either between 0 and 99 or at least 1582.
 @cindex Julian date
 @deftypefn {Function} {} YRMODA (@var{year}, @var{month}, @var{day})
 @var{year} is a year, either between 0 and 99 or at least 1582.

-Unlike other PSPP date functions, years between 0 and 99 always
+Unlike other @pspp{} date functions, years between 0 and 99 always

 correspond to 1900 through 1999.  @var{month} is a month between 1 and
 13.  @var{day} is a day between 0 and 31.  A @var{day} of 0 refers to
 the last day of the previous month, and a @var{month} of 13 refers to
 correspond to 1900 through 1999.  @var{month} is a month between 1 and
 13.  @var{day} is a day between 0 and 31.  A @var{day} of 0 refers to
 the last day of the previous month, and a @var{month} of 13 refers to


@@ -1120,7 +1121,7 @@ associated label, then this function returns the empty string.
 @node Statistical Distribution Functions
 @subsection Statistical Distribution Functions
 
 @node Statistical Distribution Functions
 @subsection Statistical Distribution Functions
 

-PSPP can calculate several functions of standard statistical
+@pspp{} can calculate several functions of standard statistical

 distributions.  These functions are named systematically based on the
 function and the distribution.  The table below describes the
 statistical distribution functions in general:
 distributions.  These functions are named systematically based on the
 function and the distribution.  The table below describes the
 statistical distribution functions in general:


@@ -1235,7 +1236,7 @@ Exponential distribution with scale parameter @var{a}.  The inverse of
 Exponential power distribution with positive scale parameter @var{a}
 and nonnegative power parameter @var{b}.  Constraints: @var{a} > 0,
 @var{b} >= 0, @var{x} >= 0, 0 <= @var{p} <= 1.  This distribution is a
 Exponential power distribution with positive scale parameter @var{a}
 and nonnegative power parameter @var{b}.  Constraints: @var{a} > 0,
 @var{b} >= 0, @var{x} >= 0, 0 <= @var{p} <= 1.  This distribution is a

-PSPP extension.
+@pspp{} extension.

 @end deftypefn
 
 @deftypefn {Function} {} PDF.F (@var{x}, @var{df1}, @var{df2})
 @end deftypefn
 
 @deftypefn {Function} {} PDF.F (@var{x}, @var{df1}, @var{df2})


@@ -1340,7 +1341,7 @@ Equivalent to RV.NORMAL(0, @var{sigma}).
 @deftypefn {Function} {} PDF.NTAIL (@var{x}, @var{a}, @var{sigma})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} RV.NTAIL (@var{a}, @var{sigma})
 Normal tail distribution with lower limit @var{a} and standard
 @deftypefn {Function} {} PDF.NTAIL (@var{x}, @var{a}, @var{sigma})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} RV.NTAIL (@var{a}, @var{sigma})
 Normal tail distribution with lower limit @var{a} and standard

-deviation @var{sigma}.  This distribution is a PSPP extension.
+deviation @var{sigma}.  This distribution is a @pspp{} extension.

 Constraints: @var{a} > 0, @var{x} > @var{a}, 0 < @var{p} < 1.
 @end deftypefn
 
 Constraints: @var{a} > 0, @var{x} > @var{a}, 0 < @var{p} < 1.
 @end deftypefn
 


@@ -1358,14 +1359,14 @@ parameter @var{b}.  Constraints: @var{a} > 0, @var{b} > 0, @var{x} >=
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} IDF.RAYLEIGH (@var{p}, @var{sigma})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} RV.RAYLEIGH (@var{sigma})
 Rayleigh distribution with scale parameter @var{sigma}.  This
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} IDF.RAYLEIGH (@var{p}, @var{sigma})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} RV.RAYLEIGH (@var{sigma})
 Rayleigh distribution with scale parameter @var{sigma}.  This

-distribution is a PSPP extension.  Constraints: @var{sigma} > 0,
+distribution is a @pspp{} extension.  Constraints: @var{sigma} > 0,

 @var{x} > 0.
 @end deftypefn
 
 @deftypefn {Function} {} PDF.RTAIL (@var{x}, @var{a}, @var{sigma})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} RV.RTAIL (@var{a}, @var{sigma})
 Rayleigh tail distribution with lower limit @var{a} and scale
 @var{x} > 0.
 @end deftypefn
 
 @deftypefn {Function} {} PDF.RTAIL (@var{x}, @var{a}, @var{sigma})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} RV.RTAIL (@var{a}, @var{sigma})
 Rayleigh tail distribution with lower limit @var{a} and scale

-parameter @var{sigma}.  This distribution is a PSPP extension.
+parameter @var{sigma}.  This distribution is a @pspp{} extension.

 Constraints: @var{a} > 0, @var{sigma} > 0, @var{x} > @var{a}.
 @end deftypefn
 
 Constraints: @var{a} > 0, @var{sigma} > 0, @var{x} > @var{a}.
 @end deftypefn
 


@@ -1398,14 +1399,14 @@ distribution takes an additional parameter @var{lambda}.  Constraints:
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} CDF.T1G (@var{x}, @var{a}, @var{b})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} IDF.T1G (@var{p}, @var{a}, @var{b})
 Type-1 Gumbel distribution with parameters @var{a} and @var{b}.  This
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} CDF.T1G (@var{x}, @var{a}, @var{b})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} IDF.T1G (@var{p}, @var{a}, @var{b})
 Type-1 Gumbel distribution with parameters @var{a} and @var{b}.  This

-distribution is a PSPP extension.  Constraints: 0 < @var{p} < 1.
+distribution is a @pspp{} extension.  Constraints: 0 < @var{p} < 1.

 @end deftypefn
 
 @deftypefn {Function} {} PDF.T2G (@var{x}, @var{a}, @var{b})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} CDF.T2G (@var{x}, @var{a}, @var{b})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} IDF.T2G (@var{p}, @var{a}, @var{b})
 Type-2 Gumbel distribution with parameters @var{a} and @var{b}.  This
 @end deftypefn
 
 @deftypefn {Function} {} PDF.T2G (@var{x}, @var{a}, @var{b})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} CDF.T2G (@var{x}, @var{a}, @var{b})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} IDF.T2G (@var{p}, @var{a}, @var{b})
 Type-2 Gumbel distribution with parameters @var{a} and @var{b}.  This

-distribution is a PSPP extension.  Constraints: @var{x} > 0, 0 <
+distribution is a @pspp{} extension.  Constraints: @var{x} > 0, 0 <

 @var{p} < 1.
 @end deftypefn
 
 @var{p} < 1.
 @end deftypefn
 


@@ -1475,7 +1476,7 @@ Constraints: 0 <= @var{p} < 1, @var{x} >= 1.
 @deftypefn {Function} {} PDF.NEGBIN (@var{x}, @var{n}, @var{p})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} CDF.NEGBIN (@var{x}, @var{n}, @var{p})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} RV.NEGBIN (@var{n}, @var{p})
 @deftypefn {Function} {} PDF.NEGBIN (@var{x}, @var{n}, @var{p})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} CDF.NEGBIN (@var{x}, @var{n}, @var{p})
 @deftypefnx {Function} {} RV.NEGBIN (@var{n}, @var{p})

-Negative binomial distribution with number of successes paramter
+Negative binomial distribution with number of successes parameter

 @var{n} and probability of success parameter @var{p}.  Constraints:
 integer @var{n} >= 0, 0 < @var{p} <= 1, integer @var{x} >= 1.
 @end deftypefn
 @var{n} and probability of success parameter @var{p}.  Constraints:
 integer @var{n} >= 0, 0 < @var{p} <= 1, integer @var{x} >= 1.
 @end deftypefn