3 // PSPP - a program for statistical analysis.
4 // Copyright (C) 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
6 // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
9 // (at your option) any later version.
11 // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 // GNU General Public License for more details.
16 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 // along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19 operator NEG (x) = -x;
21 operator ADD (a, b) = a + b;
22 operator SUB (a, b) = a - b;
24 absorb_miss operator MUL (a, b)
25 = (a == 0. || b == 0. ? 0.
26 : a == SYSMIS || b == SYSMIS ? SYSMIS
29 absorb_miss operator DIV (a, b)
31 : a == SYSMIS || b == SYSMIS ? SYSMIS
34 absorb_miss operator POW (a, b)
35 = (a == SYSMIS ? (b == 0. ? 1. : a)
36 : b == SYSMIS ? (a == 0. ? 0. : SYSMIS)
37 : a == 0. && b <= 0. ? SYSMIS
40 absorb_miss boolean operator AND (boolean a, boolean b)
43 : b == SYSMIS ? SYSMIS
46 absorb_miss boolean operator OR (boolean a, boolean b)
49 : b == SYSMIS ? SYSMIS
52 boolean operator NOT (boolean a)
57 // Numeric relational operators.
58 boolean operator EQ (a, b) = a == b;
59 boolean operator GE (a, b) = a >= b;
60 boolean operator GT (a, b) = a > b;
61 boolean operator LE (a, b) = a <= b;
62 boolean operator LT (a, b) = a < b;
63 boolean operator NE (a, b) = a != b;
65 // String relational operators.
66 boolean operator EQ_STRING (string a, string b) = compare_string_3way (&a, &b) == 0;
67 boolean operator GE_STRING (string a, string b) = compare_string_3way (&a, &b) >= 0;
68 boolean operator GT_STRING (string a, string b) = compare_string_3way (&a, &b) > 0;
69 boolean operator LE_STRING (string a, string b) = compare_string_3way (&a, &b) <= 0;
70 boolean operator LT_STRING (string a, string b) = compare_string_3way (&a, &b) < 0;
71 boolean operator NE_STRING (string a, string b) = compare_string_3way (&a, &b) != 0;
74 function ABS (x) = fabs (x);
75 extension function ACOS (x >= -1 && x <= 1) = acos (x);
76 function ASIN (x >= -1 && x <= 1) = asin (x);
77 function ATAN (x) = atan (x);
78 extension function ARCOS (x >= -1 && x <= 1) = acos (x);
79 function ARSIN (x >= -1 && x <= 1) = asin (x);
80 function ARTAN (x) = atan (x);
81 function COS (x) = cos (x);
82 function EXP (x) = check_errno (exp (x));
83 function LG10(x) = check_errno (log10 (x));
84 function LN (x) = check_errno (log (x));
85 function LNGAMMA (x >= 0) = gsl_sf_lngamma (x);
86 function MOD10 (x) = fmod (x, 10);
87 function RND (x) = round_nearest (x, 1, 0);
88 function RND (x, mult != 0) = round_nearest (x, mult, 0);
89 function RND (x, mult != 0, fuzzbits >= 0) = round_nearest (x, mult, fuzzbits);
90 function SIN (x) = sin (x);
91 function SQRT (x >= 0) = sqrt (x);
92 function TAN (x) = check_errno (tan (x));
93 function TRUNC (x) = x >= 0. ? floor (x) : -floor (-x);
95 absorb_miss function MOD (n, d)
98 return n != SYSMIS ? fmod (n, d) : SYSMIS;
100 return n != 0. ? SYSMIS : 0.;
103 // N-ary numeric functions.
104 absorb_miss boolean function ANY (x != SYSMIS, a[n])
109 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
112 else if (a[i] == SYSMIS)
115 return sysmis ? SYSMIS : 0.;
118 boolean function ANY (string x, string a[n])
122 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
123 if (!compare_string_3way (&x, &a[i]))
128 function CFVAR.2 (a[n])
130 double mean, variance;
132 moments_of_doubles (a, n, NULL, &mean, &variance, NULL, NULL);
134 if (mean == SYSMIS || mean == 0 || variance == SYSMIS)
137 return sqrt (variance) / mean;
140 function MAX.1 (a[n])
146 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
147 if (a[i] != SYSMIS && a[i] > max)
152 string function MAX (string a[n])
154 struct substring *max;
158 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
159 if (compare_string_3way (&a[i], max) > 0)
164 function MEAN.1 (a[n])
167 moments_of_doubles (a, n, NULL, &mean, NULL, NULL, NULL);
171 function MIN.1 (a[n])
177 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
178 if (a[i] != SYSMIS && a[i] < min)
183 string function MIN (string a[n])
185 struct substring *min;
189 for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
190 if (compare_string_3way (&a[i], min) < 0)
195 absorb_miss function NMISS (a[n])
198 size_t missing_cnt = 0;
200 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
201 missing_cnt += a[i] == SYSMIS;
205 absorb_miss function NVALID (a[n])
208 size_t valid_cnt = 0;
210 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
211 valid_cnt += a[i] != SYSMIS;
215 absorb_miss boolean function RANGE (x != SYSMIS, a[n*2])
220 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
223 double y = a[2 * i + 1];
224 if (w != SYSMIS && y != SYSMIS)
226 if (w <= x && x <= y)
232 return sysmis ? SYSMIS : 0.;
235 boolean function RANGE (string x, string a[n*2])
239 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
241 struct substring *w = &a[2 * i];
242 struct substring *y = &a[2 * i + 1];
243 if (compare_string_3way (w, &x) <= 0 && compare_string_3way (&x, y) <= 0)
252 moments_of_doubles (a, n, NULL, NULL, &variance, NULL, NULL);
253 return sqrt (variance);
256 function SUM.1 (a[n])
262 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
268 function VARIANCE.2 (a[n])
271 moments_of_doubles (a, n, NULL, NULL, &variance, NULL, NULL);
275 // Time construction & extraction functions.
276 function TIME.HMS (h, m, s)
278 if ((h > 0. || m > 0. || s > 0.) && (h < 0. || m < 0. || s < 0.))
280 msg (SW, _("TIME.HMS cannot mix positive and negative arguments."));
284 return H_S * h + MIN_S * m + s;
286 function TIME.DAYS (days) = days * DAY_S;
287 function CTIME.DAYS (time) = time / DAY_S;
288 function CTIME.HOURS (time) = time / H_S;
289 function CTIME.MINUTES (time) = time / MIN_S;
290 function CTIME.SECONDS (time) = time;
292 // Date construction functions.
293 function DATE.DMY (d, m, y) = expr_ymd_to_date (y, m, d);
294 function DATE.MDY (m, d, y) = expr_ymd_to_date (y, m, d);
295 function DATE.MOYR (m, y) = expr_ymd_to_date (y, m, 1);
296 function DATE.QYR (q, y)
298 if (q < 1.0 || q > 4.0 || q != (int) q)
300 msg (SW, _("The first argument to DATE.QYR must be 1, 2, 3, or 4."));
303 return expr_ymd_to_date (y, q * 3 - 2, 1);
305 function DATE.WKYR (w, y) = expr_wkyr_to_date (w, y);
306 function DATE.YRDAY (y, yday) = expr_yrday_to_date (y, yday);
307 function YRMODA (y, m, d) = expr_yrmoda (y, m, d);
309 // Date extraction functions.
310 function XDATE.TDAY (date) = floor (date / DAY_S);
311 function XDATE.HOUR (date) = fmod (floor (date / H_S), DAY_H);
312 function XDATE.MINUTE (date) = fmod (floor (date / H_MIN), H_MIN);
313 function XDATE.SECOND (date) = fmod (date, MIN_S);
314 function XDATE.DATE (date) = floor (date / DAY_S) * DAY_S;
315 function XDATE.TIME (date) = fmod (date, DAY_S);
317 function XDATE.JDAY (date >= DAY_S) = calendar_offset_to_yday (date / DAY_S);
318 function XDATE.MDAY (date >= DAY_S) = calendar_offset_to_mday (date / DAY_S);
319 function XDATE.MONTH (date >= DAY_S)
320 = calendar_offset_to_month (date / DAY_S);
321 function XDATE.QUARTER (date >= DAY_S)
322 = (calendar_offset_to_month (date / DAY_S) - 1) / 3 + 1;
323 function XDATE.WEEK (date >= DAY_S)
324 = (calendar_offset_to_yday (date / DAY_S) - 1) / 7 + 1;
325 function XDATE.WKDAY (date >= DAY_S) = calendar_offset_to_wday (date / DAY_S);
326 function XDATE.YEAR (date >= DAY_S) = calendar_offset_to_year (date / DAY_S);
328 // Date arithmetic functions.
329 no_abbrev function DATEDIFF (date2 >= DAY_S, date1 >= DAY_S, string unit)
330 = expr_date_difference (date1, date2, unit);
331 no_abbrev function DATESUM (date, quantity, string unit)
332 = expr_date_sum (date, quantity, unit, ss_cstr ("closest"));
333 no_abbrev function DATESUM (date, quantity, string unit, string method)
334 = expr_date_sum (date, quantity, unit, method);
338 string function CONCAT (string a[n])
341 struct substring dst;
344 dst = alloc_string (e, MAX_STRING);
346 for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
348 struct substring *src = &a[i];
351 copy_len = src->length;
352 if (dst.length + copy_len > MAX_STRING)
353 copy_len = MAX_STRING - dst.length;
354 memcpy (&dst.string[dst.length], src->string, copy_len);
355 dst.length += copy_len;
361 function INDEX (string haystack, string needle)
363 if (needle.length == 0)
367 int limit = haystack.length - needle.length + 1;
369 for (i = 1; i <= limit; i++)
370 if (!memcmp (&haystack.string[i - 1], needle.string, needle.length))
376 function INDEX (string haystack, string needles, needle_len_d)
378 if (needle_len_d <= INT_MIN || needle_len_d >= INT_MAX
379 || (int) needle_len_d != needle_len_d
380 || needles.length == 0)
384 int needle_len = needle_len_d;
385 if (needle_len < 0 || needle_len > needles.length
386 || needles.length % needle_len != 0)
390 int limit = haystack.length - needle_len + 1;
392 for (i = 1; i <= limit; i++)
393 for (j = 0; j < needles.length; j += needle_len)
394 if (!memcmp (&haystack.string[i - 1], &needles.string[j],
403 function RINDEX (string haystack, string needle)
405 if (needle.length == 0)
409 int limit = haystack.length - needle.length + 1;
411 for (i = limit; i >= 1; i--)
412 if (!memcmp (&haystack.string[i - 1], needle.string, needle.length))
418 function RINDEX (string haystack, string needles, needle_len_d)
420 if (needle_len_d <= INT_MIN || needle_len_d >= INT_MAX
421 || (int) needle_len_d != needle_len_d
422 || needles.length == 0)
426 int needle_len = needle_len_d;
427 if (needle_len < 0 || needle_len > needles.length
428 || needles.length % needle_len != 0)
432 int limit = haystack.length - needle_len + 1;
434 for (i = limit; i >= 1; i--)
435 for (j = 0; j < needles.length; j += needle_len)
436 if (!memcmp (&haystack.string[i - 1],
437 &needles.string[j], needle_len))
444 function LENGTH (string s)
449 string function LOWER (string s)
453 for (i = 0; i < s.length; i++)
454 s.string[i] = tolower ((unsigned char) s.string[i]);
458 function MBLEN.BYTE (string s, idx)
460 if (idx < 0 || idx >= s.length || (int) idx != idx)
466 string function UPCASE (string s)
470 for (i = 0; i < s.length; i++)
471 s.string[i] = toupper ((unsigned char) s.string[i]);
475 absorb_miss string function LPAD (string s, n)
478 if (n < 0 || n > MAX_STRING || (int) n != n)
480 else if (s.length >= n)
484 struct substring t = alloc_string (e, n);
485 memset (t.string, ' ', n - s.length);
486 memcpy (&t.string[(int) n - s.length], s.string, s.length);
491 absorb_miss string function LPAD (string s, n, string c)
494 if (n < 0 || n > MAX_STRING || (int) n != n || c.length != 1)
496 else if (s.length >= n)
500 struct substring t = alloc_string (e, n);
501 memset (t.string, c.string[0], n - s.length);
502 memcpy (&t.string[(int) n - s.length], s.string, s.length);
507 absorb_miss string function RPAD (string s, n)
510 if (n < 0 || n > MAX_STRING || (int) n != n)
512 else if (s.length >= n)
516 struct substring t = alloc_string (e, n);
517 memcpy (t.string, s.string, s.length);
518 memset (&t.string[s.length], ' ', n - s.length);
523 absorb_miss string function RPAD (string s, n, string c)
526 if (n < 0 || n > MAX_STRING || (int) n != n || c.length != 1)
528 else if (s.length >= n)
532 struct substring t = alloc_string (e, n);
533 memcpy (t.string, s.string, s.length);
534 memset (&t.string[s.length], c.string[0], n - s.length);
539 string function LTRIM (string s)
541 while (s.length > 0 && s.string[0] == ' ')
549 string function LTRIM (string s, string c)
553 while (s.length > 0 && s.string[0] == c.string[0])
564 string function RTRIM (string s)
566 while (s.length > 0 && s.string[s.length - 1] == ' ')
571 string function RTRIM (string s, string c)
575 while (s.length > 0 && s.string[s.length - 1] == c.string[0])
583 function NUMBER (string s, ni_format f)
590 error = data_in (s, C_ENCODING, f->type, &out, 0, NULL);
592 data_in_imply_decimals (s, C_ENCODING, f->type, f->d, &out);
595 msg (SE, "Cannot parse `%.*s' as format %s: %s",
596 (int) s.length, s.string, fmt_name (f->type), error);
602 absorb_miss string function STRING (x, no_format f)
606 struct substring dst;
611 assert (!fmt_is_string (f->type));
612 s = data_out (&v, C_ENCODING, f);
613 dst = alloc_string (e, strlen (s));
614 strcpy (dst.string, s);
619 absorb_miss string function SUBSTR (string s, ofs)
622 if (ofs >= 1 && ofs <= s.length && (int) ofs == ofs)
623 return copy_string (e, &s.string[(int) ofs - 1], s.length - ofs + 1);
628 absorb_miss string function SUBSTR (string s, ofs, cnt)
631 if (ofs >= 1 && ofs <= s.length && (int) ofs == ofs
632 && cnt >= 1 && cnt <= INT_MAX && (int) cnt == cnt)
634 int cnt_max = s.length - (int) ofs + 1;
635 return copy_string (e, &s.string[(int) ofs - 1],
636 cnt <= cnt_max ? cnt : cnt_max);
642 absorb_miss no_opt no_abbrev string function VALUELABEL (var v)
646 const char *label = var_lookup_value_label (v, case_data (c, v));
648 return copy_string (e, label, strlen (label));
654 operator SQUARE (x) = x * x;
655 boolean operator NUM_TO_BOOLEAN (x, string op_name)
657 if (x == 0. || x == 1. || x == SYSMIS)
660 if (!ss_is_empty (op_name))
661 msg (SE, _("An operand of the %.*s operator was found to have a value "
662 "other than 0 (false), 1 (true), or the system-missing "
663 "value. The result was forced to 0."),
664 (int) op_name.length, op_name.string);
666 msg (SE, _("A logical expression was found to have a value other than 0 "
667 "(false), 1 (true), or the system-missing value. The result "
668 "was forced to 0."));
672 operator BOOLEAN_TO_NUM (boolean x) = x;
674 // Beta distribution.
675 function PDF.BETA (x >= 0 && x <= 1, a > 0, b > 0)
676 = gsl_ran_beta_pdf (x, a, b);
677 function CDF.BETA (x >= 0 && x <= 1, a > 0, b > 0) = gsl_cdf_beta_P (x, a, b);
678 function IDF.BETA (P >= 0 && P <= 1, a > 0, b > 0)
679 = gsl_cdf_beta_Pinv (P, a, b);
680 no_opt function RV.BETA (a > 0, b > 0) = gsl_ran_beta (get_rng (), a, b);
681 function NCDF.BETA (x >= 0, a > 0, b > 0, lambda > 0)
682 = ncdf_beta (x, a, b, lambda);
683 function NPDF.BETA (x >= 0, a > 0, b > 0, lambda > 0)
684 = npdf_beta (x, a, b, lambda);
686 // Bivariate normal distribution.
687 function CDF.BVNOR (x0, x1, r >= -1 && r <= 1) = cdf_bvnor (x0, x1, r);
688 function PDF.BVNOR (x0, x1, r >= -1 && r <= 1)
689 = gsl_ran_bivariate_gaussian_pdf (x0, x1, 1, 1, r);
691 // Cauchy distribution.
692 function CDF.CAUCHY (x, a, b > 0) = gsl_cdf_cauchy_P ((x - a) / b, 1);
693 function IDF.CAUCHY (P > 0 && P < 1, a, b > 0)
694 = a + b * gsl_cdf_cauchy_Pinv (P, 1);
695 function PDF.CAUCHY (x, a, b > 0) = gsl_ran_cauchy_pdf ((x - a) / b, 1) / b;
696 no_opt function RV.CAUCHY (a, b > 0) = a + b * gsl_ran_cauchy (get_rng (), 1);
698 // Chi-square distribution.
699 function CDF.CHISQ (x >= 0, df > 0) = gsl_cdf_chisq_P (x, df);
700 function IDF.CHISQ (P >= 0 && P < 1, df > 0) = gsl_cdf_chisq_Pinv (P, df);
701 function PDF.CHISQ (x >= 0, df > 0) = gsl_ran_chisq_pdf (x, df);
702 no_opt function RV.CHISQ (df > 0) = gsl_ran_chisq (get_rng (), df);
703 function NCDF.CHISQ (x >= 0, df > 0, c) = unimplemented;
704 function NPDF.CHISQ (x >= 0, df > 0, c) = unimplemented;
705 function SIG.CHISQ (x >= 0, df > 0) = gsl_cdf_chisq_Q (x, df);
707 // Exponential distribution.
708 function CDF.EXP (x >= 0, a > 0) = gsl_cdf_exponential_P (x, 1. / a);
709 function IDF.EXP (P >= 0 && P < 1, a > 0)
710 = gsl_cdf_exponential_Pinv (P, 1. / a);
711 function PDF.EXP (x >= 0, a > 0) = gsl_ran_exponential_pdf (x, 1. / a);
712 no_opt function RV.EXP (a > 0) = gsl_ran_exponential (get_rng (), 1. / a);
714 // Exponential power distribution.
715 extension function PDF.XPOWER (x, a > 0, b >= 0)
716 = gsl_ran_exppow_pdf (x, a, b);
717 no_opt extension function RV.XPOWER (a > 0, b >= 0)
718 = gsl_ran_exppow (get_rng (), a, b);
721 function CDF.F (x >= 0, df1 > 0, df2 > 0) = gsl_cdf_fdist_P (x, df1, df2);
722 function IDF.F (P >= 0 && P < 1, df1 > 0, df2 > 0) = idf_fdist (P, df1, df2);
723 function PDF.F (x >= 0, df1 > 0, df2 > 0) = gsl_ran_fdist_pdf (x, df1, df2);
724 no_opt function RV.F (df1 > 0, df2 > 0) = gsl_ran_fdist (get_rng (), df1, df2);
725 function NCDF.F (x >= 0, df1 > 0, df2 > 0, lambda >= 0) = unimplemented;
726 function NPDF.F (x >= 0, df1 > 0, df2 > 0, lmabda >= 0) = unimplemented;
727 function SIG.F (x >= 0, df1 > 0, df2 > 0) = gsl_cdf_fdist_Q (x, df1, df2);
729 // Gamma distribution.
730 function CDF.GAMMA (x >= 0, a > 0, b > 0) = gsl_cdf_gamma_P (x, a, 1. / b);
731 function IDF.GAMMA (P >= 0 && P <= 1, a > 0, b > 0)
732 = gsl_cdf_gamma_Pinv (P, a, 1. / b);
733 function PDF.GAMMA (x >= 0, a > 0, b > 0) = gsl_ran_gamma_pdf (x, a, 1. / b);
734 no_opt function RV.GAMMA (a > 0, b > 0)
735 = gsl_ran_gamma (get_rng (), a, 1. / b);
737 // Half-normal distribution.
738 function CDF.HALFNRM (x, a, b > 0) = unimplemented;
739 function IDF.HALFNRM (P > 0 && P < 1, a, b > 0) = unimplemented;
740 function PDF.HALFNRM (x, a, b > 0) = unimplemented;
741 no_opt function RV.HALFNRM (a, b > 0) = unimplemented;
743 // Inverse Gaussian distribution.
744 function CDF.IGAUSS (x > 0, a > 0, b > 0) = unimplemented;
745 function IDF.IGAUSS (P >= 0 && P < 1, a > 0, b > 0) = unimplemented;
746 function PDF.IGAUSS (x > 0, a > 0, b > 0) = unimplemented;
747 no_opt function RV.IGAUSS (a > 0, b > 0) = unimplemented;
749 // Landau distribution.
750 extension function PDF.LANDAU (x) = gsl_ran_landau_pdf (x);
751 no_opt extension function RV.LANDAU () = gsl_ran_landau (get_rng ());
753 // Laplace distribution.
754 function CDF.LAPLACE (x, a, b > 0) = gsl_cdf_laplace_P ((x - a) / b, 1);
755 function IDF.LAPLACE (P > 0 && P < 1, a, b > 0)
756 = a + b * gsl_cdf_laplace_Pinv (P, 1);
757 function PDF.LAPLACE (x, a, b > 0) = gsl_ran_laplace_pdf ((x - a) / b, 1) / b;
758 no_opt function RV.LAPLACE (a, b > 0)
759 = a + b * gsl_ran_laplace (get_rng (), 1);
761 // Levy alpha-stable distribution.
762 no_opt extension function RV.LEVY (c, alpha > 0 && alpha <= 2)
763 = gsl_ran_levy (get_rng (), c, alpha);
765 // Levy skew alpha-stable distribution.
766 no_opt extension function RV.LVSKEW (c, alpha > 0 && alpha <= 2,
767 beta >= -1 && beta <= 1)
768 = gsl_ran_levy_skew (get_rng (), c, alpha, beta);
770 // Logistic distribution.
771 function CDF.LOGISTIC (x, a, b > 0) = gsl_cdf_logistic_P ((x - a) / b, 1);
772 function IDF.LOGISTIC (P > 0 && P < 1, a, b > 0)
773 = a + b * gsl_cdf_logistic_Pinv (P, 1);
774 function PDF.LOGISTIC (x, a, b > 0)
775 = gsl_ran_logistic_pdf ((x - a) / b, 1) / b;
776 no_opt function RV.LOGISTIC (a, b > 0)
777 = a + b * gsl_ran_logistic (get_rng (), 1);
779 // Lognormal distribution.
780 function CDF.LNORMAL (x >= 0, m > 0, s > 0)
781 = gsl_cdf_lognormal_P (x, log (m), s);
782 function IDF.LNORMAL (P >= 0 && P < 1, m > 0, s > 0)
783 = gsl_cdf_lognormal_Pinv (P, log (m), s);
784 function PDF.LNORMAL (x >= 0, m > 0, s > 0)
785 = gsl_ran_lognormal_pdf (x, log (m), s);
786 no_opt function RV.LNORMAL (m > 0, s > 0)
787 = gsl_ran_lognormal (get_rng (), log (m), s);
789 // Normal distribution.
790 function CDF.NORMAL (x, u, s > 0) = gsl_cdf_gaussian_P (x - u, s);
791 function IDF.NORMAL (P > 0 && P < 1, u, s > 0)
792 = u + gsl_cdf_gaussian_Pinv (P, s);
793 function PDF.NORMAL (x, u, s > 0) = gsl_ran_gaussian_pdf ((x - u) / s, 1) / s;
794 no_opt function RV.NORMAL (u, s > 0) = u + gsl_ran_gaussian (get_rng (), s);
795 function CDFNORM (x) = gsl_cdf_ugaussian_P (x);
796 function PROBIT (P > 0 && P < 1) = gsl_cdf_ugaussian_Pinv (P);
797 no_opt function NORMAL (s > 0) = gsl_ran_gaussian (get_rng (), s);
799 // Normal tail distribution.
800 function PDF.NTAIL (x, a > 0, sigma > 0)
801 = gsl_ran_gaussian_tail_pdf (x, a, sigma);
802 no_opt function RV.NTAIL (a > 0, sigma > 0)
803 = gsl_ran_gaussian_tail (get_rng (), a, sigma);
805 // Pareto distribution.
806 function CDF.PARETO (x >= a, a > 0, b > 0) = gsl_cdf_pareto_P (x, b, a);
807 function IDF.PARETO (P >= 0 && P < 1, a > 0, b > 0)
808 = gsl_cdf_pareto_Pinv (P, b, a);
809 function PDF.PARETO (x >= a, a > 0, b > 0) = gsl_ran_pareto_pdf (x, b, a);
810 no_opt function RV.PARETO (a > 0, b > 0) = gsl_ran_pareto (get_rng (), b, a);
812 // Rayleigh distribution.
813 extension function CDF.RAYLEIGH (x, sigma > 0) = gsl_cdf_rayleigh_P (x, sigma);
814 extension function IDF.RAYLEIGH (P >= 0 && P <= 1, sigma > 0)
815 = gsl_cdf_rayleigh_Pinv (P, sigma);
816 extension function PDF.RAYLEIGH (x, sigma > 0)
817 = gsl_ran_rayleigh_pdf (x, sigma);
818 no_opt extension function RV.RAYLEIGH (sigma > 0)
819 = gsl_ran_rayleigh (get_rng (), sigma);
821 // Rayleigh tail distribution.
822 extension function PDF.RTAIL (x, a, sigma)
823 = gsl_ran_rayleigh_tail_pdf (x, a, sigma);
824 no_opt extension function RV.RTAIL (a, sigma)
825 = gsl_ran_rayleigh_tail (get_rng (), a, sigma);
827 // Studentized maximum modulus distribution.
828 function CDF.SMOD (x > 0, a >= 1, b >= 1) = unimplemented;
829 function IDF.SMOD (P >= 0 && P < 1, a >= 1, b >= 1) = unimplemented;
831 // Studentized range distribution.
832 function CDF.SRANGE (x > 0, a >= 1, b >= 1) = unimplemented;
833 function IDF.SRANGE (P >= 0 && P < 1, a >= 1, b >= 1) = unimplemented;
835 // Student t distribution.
836 function CDF.T (x, df > 0) = gsl_cdf_tdist_P (x, df);
837 function IDF.T (P > 0 && P < 1, df > 0) = gsl_cdf_tdist_Pinv (P, df);
838 function PDF.T (x, df > 0) = gsl_ran_tdist_pdf (x, df);
839 no_opt function RV.T (df > 0) = gsl_ran_tdist (get_rng (), df);
840 function NCDF.T (x, df > 0, nc) = unimplemented;
841 function NPDF.T (x, df > 0, nc) = unimplemented;
843 // Type-1 Gumbel distribution.
844 extension function CDF.T1G (x, a, b) = gsl_cdf_gumbel1_P (x, a, b);
845 extension function IDF.T1G (P >= 0 && P <= 1, a, b)
846 = gsl_cdf_gumbel1_P (P, a, b);
847 extension function PDF.T1G (x, a, b) = gsl_ran_gumbel1_pdf (x, a, b);
848 no_opt extension function RV.T1G (a, b) = gsl_ran_gumbel1 (get_rng (), a, b);
850 // Type-2 Gumbel distribution.
851 extension function CDF.T2G (x, a, b) = gsl_cdf_gumbel2_P (x, a, b);
852 extension function IDF.T2G (P >= 0 && P <= 1, a, b)
853 = gsl_cdf_gumbel2_P (P, a, b);
854 extension function PDF.T2G (x, a, b) = gsl_ran_gumbel2_pdf (x, a, b);
855 no_opt extension function RV.T2G (a, b) = gsl_ran_gumbel2 (get_rng (), a, b);
857 // Uniform distribution.
858 function CDF.UNIFORM (x <= b, a <= x, b) = gsl_cdf_flat_P (x, a, b);
859 function IDF.UNIFORM (P >= 0 && P <= 1, a <= b, b)
860 = gsl_cdf_flat_Pinv (P, a, b);
861 function PDF.UNIFORM (x <= b, a <= x, b) = gsl_ran_flat_pdf (x, a, b);
862 no_opt function RV.UNIFORM (a <= b, b) = gsl_ran_flat (get_rng (), a, b);
863 no_opt function UNIFORM (b >= 0) = gsl_ran_flat (get_rng (), 0, b);
865 // Weibull distribution.
866 function CDF.WEIBULL (x >= 0, a > 0, b > 0) = gsl_cdf_weibull_P (x, a, b);
867 function IDF.WEIBULL (P >= 0 && P < 1, a > 0, b > 0)
868 = gsl_cdf_weibull_Pinv (P, a, b);
869 function PDF.WEIBULL (x >= 0, a > 0, b > 0) = gsl_ran_weibull_pdf (x, a, b);
870 no_opt function RV.WEIBULL (a > 0, b > 0) = gsl_ran_weibull (get_rng (), a, b);
872 // Bernoulli distribution.
873 function CDF.BERNOULLI (k == 0 || k == 1, p >= 0 && p <= 1)
875 function PDF.BERNOULLI (k == 0 || k == 1, p >= 0 && p <= 1)
876 = gsl_ran_bernoulli_pdf (k, p);
877 no_opt function RV.BERNOULLI (p >= 0 && p <= 1)
878 = gsl_ran_bernoulli (get_rng (), p);
880 // Binomial distribution.
881 function CDF.BINOM (k, n > 0 && n == floor (n), p >= 0 && p <= 1)
882 = gsl_cdf_binomial_P (k, p, n);
883 function PDF.BINOM (k >= 0 && k == floor (k) && k <= n,
884 n > 0 && n == floor (n),
886 = gsl_ran_binomial_pdf (k, p, n);
887 no_opt function RV.BINOM (p > 0 && p == floor (p), n >= 0 && n <= 1)
888 = gsl_ran_binomial (get_rng (), p, n);
890 // Geometric distribution.
891 function CDF.GEOM (k >= 1 && k == floor (k), p >= 0 && p <= 1)
892 = gsl_cdf_geometric_P (k, p);
893 function PDF.GEOM (k >= 1 && k == floor (k),
895 = gsl_ran_geometric_pdf (k, p);
896 no_opt function RV.GEOM (p >= 0 && p <= 1) = gsl_ran_geometric (get_rng (), p);
898 // Hypergeometric distribution.
899 function CDF.HYPER (k >= 0 && k == floor (k) && k <= c,
900 a > 0 && a == floor (a),
901 b > 0 && b == floor (b) && b <= a,
902 c > 0 && c == floor (c) && c <= a)
903 = gsl_cdf_hypergeometric_P (k, c, a - c, b);
904 function PDF.HYPER (k >= 0 && k == floor (k) && k <= c,
905 a > 0 && a == floor (a),
906 b > 0 && b == floor (b) && b <= a,
907 c > 0 && c == floor (c) && c <= a)
908 = gsl_ran_hypergeometric_pdf (k, c, a - c, b);
909 no_opt function RV.HYPER (a > 0 && a == floor (a),
910 b > 0 && b == floor (b) && b <= a,
911 c > 0 && c == floor (c) && c <= a)
912 = gsl_ran_hypergeometric (get_rng (), c, a - c, b);
914 // Logarithmic distribution.
915 extension function PDF.LOG (k >= 1, p > 0 && p <= 1)
916 = gsl_ran_logarithmic_pdf (k, p);
917 no_opt extension function RV.LOG (p > 0 && p <= 1)
918 = gsl_ran_logarithmic (get_rng (), p);
920 // Negative binomial distribution.
921 function CDF.NEGBIN (k >= 1, n == floor (n), p > 0 && p <= 1)
922 = gsl_cdf_negative_binomial_P (k, p, n);
923 function PDF.NEGBIN (k >= 1, n == floor (n), p > 0 && p <= 1)
924 = gsl_ran_negative_binomial_pdf (k, p, n);
925 no_opt function RV.NEGBIN (n == floor (n), p > 0 && p <= 1)
926 = gsl_ran_negative_binomial (get_rng (), p, n);
928 // Poisson distribution.
929 function CDF.POISSON (k >= 0 && k == floor (k), mu > 0)
930 = gsl_cdf_poisson_P (k, mu);
931 function PDF.POISSON (k >= 0 && k == floor (k), mu > 0)
932 = gsl_ran_poisson_pdf (k, mu);
933 no_opt function RV.POISSON (mu > 0) = gsl_ran_poisson (get_rng (), mu);
936 absorb_miss boolean function MISSING (x) = x == SYSMIS || !finite (x);
937 absorb_miss boolean function SYSMIS (x) = x == SYSMIS || !finite (x);
938 no_opt boolean function SYSMIS (num_var v)
941 return case_num (c, v) == SYSMIS;
943 no_opt boolean function VALUE (num_var v)
946 return case_num (c, v);
949 no_opt operator VEC_ELEM_NUM (idx)
953 if (idx >= 1 && idx <= vector_get_var_cnt (v))
955 const struct variable *var = vector_get_var (v, (size_t) idx - 1);
956 double value = case_num (c, var);
957 return !var_is_num_missing (var, value, MV_USER) ? value : SYSMIS;
962 msg (SE, _("SYSMIS is not a valid index value for vector "
963 "%s. The result will be set to SYSMIS."),
964 vector_get_name (v));
966 msg (SE, _("%g is not a valid index value for vector %s. "
967 "The result will be set to SYSMIS."),
968 idx, vector_get_name (v));
973 absorb_miss no_opt string operator VEC_ELEM_STR (idx)
978 if (idx >= 1 && idx <= vector_get_var_cnt (v))
980 struct variable *var = vector_get_var (v, (size_t) idx - 1);
981 return copy_string (e, CHAR_CAST_BUG (char *, case_str (c, var)),
982 var_get_width (var));
987 msg (SE, _("SYSMIS is not a valid index value for vector "
988 "%s. The result will be set to the empty string."),
989 vector_get_name (v));
991 msg (SE, _("%g is not a valid index value for vector %s. "
992 "The result will be set to the empty string."),
993 idx, vector_get_name (v));
1000 no_opt operator NUM_VAR ()
1004 double d = case_num (c, v);
1005 return !var_is_num_missing (v, d, MV_USER) ? d : SYSMIS;
1008 no_opt string operator STR_VAR ()
1013 struct substring s = alloc_string (e, var_get_width (v));
1014 memcpy (s.string, case_str (c, v), var_get_width (v));
1018 no_opt perm_only function LAG (num_var v, pos_int n_before)
1021 const struct ccase *c = lagged_case (ds, n_before);
1024 double x = case_num (c, v);
1025 return !var_is_num_missing (v, x, MV_USER) ? x : SYSMIS;
1031 no_opt perm_only function LAG (num_var v)
1034 const struct ccase *c = lagged_case (ds, 1);
1037 double x = case_num (c, v);
1038 return !var_is_num_missing (v, x, MV_USER) ? x : SYSMIS;
1044 no_opt perm_only string function LAG (str_var v, pos_int n_before)
1048 const struct ccase *c = lagged_case (ds, n_before);
1050 return copy_string (e, CHAR_CAST_BUG (char *, case_str (c, v)),
1053 return empty_string;
1056 no_opt perm_only string function LAG (str_var v)
1060 const struct ccase *c = lagged_case (ds, 1);
1062 return copy_string (e, CHAR_CAST_BUG (char *, case_str (c, v)),
1065 return empty_string;
1068 no_opt operator NUM_SYS ()
1072 return case_num (c, v) == SYSMIS;
1075 no_opt operator NUM_VAL ()
1079 return case_num (c, v);
1082 no_opt operator CASENUM ()