avoid another warning from gcc

[pspp] / lib / vasnprintf.c

/* vsprintf with automatic memory allocation.
   Copyright (C) 1999, 2002-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
   any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
   with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
   Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  */

/* This file can be parametrized with the following macros:
     VASNPRINTF         The name of the function being defined.
     FCHAR_T            The element type of the format string.
     DCHAR_T            The element type of the destination (result) string.
     FCHAR_T_ONLY_ASCII Set to 1 to enable verification that all characters
                        in the format string are ASCII. MUST be set if
                        FCHAR_T and DCHAR_T are not the same type.
     DIRECTIVE          Structure denoting a format directive.
                        Depends on FCHAR_T.
     DIRECTIVES         Structure denoting the set of format directives of a
                        format string.  Depends on FCHAR_T.
     PRINTF_PARSE       Function that parses a format string.
                        Depends on FCHAR_T.
     DCHAR_CPY          memcpy like function for DCHAR_T[] arrays.
     DCHAR_SET          memset like function for DCHAR_T[] arrays.
     DCHAR_MBSNLEN      mbsnlen like function for DCHAR_T[] arrays.
     SNPRINTF           The system's snprintf (or similar) function.
                        This may be either snprintf or swprintf.
     TCHAR_T            The element type of the argument and result string
                        of the said SNPRINTF function.  This may be either
                        char or wchar_t.  The code exploits that
                        sizeof (TCHAR_T) | sizeof (DCHAR_T) and
                        alignof (TCHAR_T) <= alignof (DCHAR_T).
     DCHAR_IS_TCHAR     Set to 1 if DCHAR_T and TCHAR_T are the same type.
     DCHAR_CONV_FROM_ENCODING A function to convert from char[] to DCHAR[].
     DCHAR_IS_UINT8_T   Set to 1 if DCHAR_T is uint8_t.
     DCHAR_IS_UINT16_T  Set to 1 if DCHAR_T is uint16_t.
     DCHAR_IS_UINT32_T  Set to 1 if DCHAR_T is uint32_t.  */

/* Tell glibc's <stdio.h> to provide a prototype for snprintf().
   This must come before <config.h> because <config.h> may include
   <features.h>, and once <features.h> has been included, it's too late.  */
#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
# define _GNU_SOURCE    1
#endif

#ifndef VASNPRINTF
# include <config.h>
#endif
#ifndef IN_LIBINTL
# include <alloca.h>
#endif

/* Specification.  */
#ifndef VASNPRINTF
# if WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
#  include "vasnwprintf.h"
# else
#  include "vasnprintf.h"
# endif
#endif

#include <locale.h>     /* localeconv() */
#include <stdio.h>      /* snprintf(), sprintf() */
#include <stdlib.h>     /* abort(), malloc(), realloc(), free() */
#include <string.h>     /* memcpy(), strlen() */
#include <errno.h>      /* errno */
#include <limits.h>     /* CHAR_BIT */
#include <float.h>      /* DBL_MAX_EXP, LDBL_MAX_EXP */
#if HAVE_NL_LANGINFO
# include <langinfo.h>
#endif
#ifndef VASNPRINTF
# if WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
#  include "wprintf-parse.h"
# else
#  include "printf-parse.h"
# endif
#endif

/* Checked size_t computations.  */
#include "xsize.h"

#if (NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE) && !defined IN_LIBINTL
# include <math.h>
# include "float+.h"
#endif

#if (NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE) && !defined IN_LIBINTL
# include <math.h>
# include "isnand.h"
#endif

#if (NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_LONG_DOUBLE) && !defined IN_LIBINTL
# include <math.h>
# include "isnanl-nolibm.h"
# include "fpucw.h"
#endif

#if (NEED_PRINTF_DIRECTIVE_A || NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE) && !defined IN_LIBINTL
# include <math.h>
# include "isnand.h"
# include "printf-frexp.h"
#endif

#if (NEED_PRINTF_DIRECTIVE_A || NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE) && !defined IN_LIBINTL
# include <math.h>
# include "isnanl-nolibm.h"
# include "printf-frexpl.h"
# include "fpucw.h"
#endif

/* Use this to suppress gcc's `...may be used before initialized' warnings. */
#ifdef lint
# define IF_LINT(Code) Code
#else
# define IF_LINT(Code) /* empty */
#endif

#if HAVE_WCHAR_T
# if HAVE_WCSLEN
#  define local_wcslen wcslen
# else
   /* Solaris 2.5.1 has wcslen() in a separate library libw.so. To avoid
      a dependency towards this library, here is a local substitute.
      Define this substitute only once, even if this file is included
      twice in the same compilation unit.  */
#  ifndef local_wcslen_defined
#   define local_wcslen_defined 1
static size_t
local_wcslen (const wchar_t *s)
{
  const wchar_t *ptr;

  for (ptr = s; *ptr != (wchar_t) 0; ptr++)
    ;
  return ptr - s;
}
#  endif
# endif
#endif

/* Default parameters.  */
#ifndef VASNPRINTF
# if WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
#  define VASNPRINTF vasnwprintf
#  define FCHAR_T wchar_t
#  define DCHAR_T wchar_t
#  define TCHAR_T wchar_t
#  define DCHAR_IS_TCHAR 1
#  define DIRECTIVE wchar_t_directive
#  define DIRECTIVES wchar_t_directives
#  define PRINTF_PARSE wprintf_parse
#  define DCHAR_CPY wmemcpy
# else
#  define VASNPRINTF vasnprintf
#  define FCHAR_T char
#  define DCHAR_T char
#  define TCHAR_T char
#  define DCHAR_IS_TCHAR 1
#  define DIRECTIVE char_directive
#  define DIRECTIVES char_directives
#  define PRINTF_PARSE printf_parse
#  define DCHAR_CPY memcpy
# endif
#endif
#if WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
  /* TCHAR_T is wchar_t.  */
# define USE_SNPRINTF 1
# if HAVE_DECL__SNWPRINTF
   /* On Windows, the function swprintf() has a different signature than
      on Unix; we use the _snwprintf() function instead.  */
#  define SNPRINTF _snwprintf
# else
   /* Unix.  */
#  define SNPRINTF swprintf
# endif
#else
  /* TCHAR_T is char.  */
  /* Use snprintf if it exists under the name 'snprintf' or '_snprintf'.
     But don't use it on BeOS, since BeOS snprintf produces no output if the
     size argument is >= 0x3000000.
     Also don't use it on Linux libc5, since there snprintf with size = 1
     writes any output without bounds, like sprintf.  */
# if (HAVE_DECL__SNPRINTF || HAVE_SNPRINTF) && !defined __BEOS__ && !(__GNU_LIBRARY__ == 1)
#  define USE_SNPRINTF 1
# else
#  define USE_SNPRINTF 0
# endif
# if HAVE_DECL__SNPRINTF
   /* Windows.  */
#  define SNPRINTF _snprintf
# else
   /* Unix.  */
#  define SNPRINTF snprintf
   /* Here we need to call the native snprintf, not rpl_snprintf.  */
#  undef snprintf
# endif
#endif
/* Here we need to call the native sprintf, not rpl_sprintf.  */
#undef sprintf

/* Avoid some warnings from "gcc -Wshadow".
   This file doesn't use the exp() and remainder() functions.  */
#undef exp
#define exp expo
#undef remainder
#define remainder rem

#if (NEED_PRINTF_DIRECTIVE_A || NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE) && !defined IN_LIBINTL
/* Determine the decimal-point character according to the current locale.  */
# ifndef decimal_point_char_defined
#  define decimal_point_char_defined 1
static char
decimal_point_char ()
{
  const char *point;
  /* Determine it in a multithread-safe way.  We know nl_langinfo is
     multithread-safe on glibc systems, but is not required to be multithread-
     safe by POSIX.  sprintf(), however, is multithread-safe.  localeconv()
     is rarely multithread-safe.  */
#  if HAVE_NL_LANGINFO && __GLIBC__
  point = nl_langinfo (RADIXCHAR);
#  elif 1
  char pointbuf[5];
  sprintf (pointbuf, "%#.0f", 1.0);
  point = &pointbuf[1];
#  else
  point = localeconv () -> decimal_point;
#  endif
  /* The decimal point is always a single byte: either '.' or ','.  */
  return (point[0] != '\0' ? point[0] : '.');
}
# endif
#endif

#if NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE && !NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE && !defined IN_LIBINTL

/* Equivalent to !isfinite(x) || x == 0, but does not require libm.  */
static int
is_infinite_or_zero (double x)
{
  return isnand (x) || x + x == x;
}

#endif

#if NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_LONG_DOUBLE && !NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE && !defined IN_LIBINTL

/* Equivalent to !isfinite(x), but does not require libm.  */
static int
is_infinitel (long double x)
{
  return isnanl (x) || (x + x == x && x != 0.0L);
}

#endif

#if (NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE) && !defined IN_LIBINTL

/* Converting 'long double' to decimal without rare rounding bugs requires
   real bignums.  We use the naming conventions of GNU gmp, but vastly simpler
   (and slower) algorithms.  */

typedef unsigned int mp_limb_t;
# define GMP_LIMB_BITS 32
typedef int mp_limb_verify[2 * (sizeof (mp_limb_t) * CHAR_BIT == GMP_LIMB_BITS) - 1];

typedef unsigned long long mp_twolimb_t;
# define GMP_TWOLIMB_BITS 64
typedef int mp_twolimb_verify[2 * (sizeof (mp_twolimb_t) * CHAR_BIT == GMP_TWOLIMB_BITS) - 1];

/* Representation of a bignum >= 0.  */
typedef struct
{
  size_t nlimbs;
  mp_limb_t *limbs; /* Bits in little-endian order, allocated with malloc().  */
} mpn_t;

/* Compute the product of two bignums >= 0.
   Return the allocated memory in case of success, NULL in case of memory
   allocation failure.  */
static void *
multiply (mpn_t src1, mpn_t src2, mpn_t *dest)
{
  const mp_limb_t *p1;
  const mp_limb_t *p2;
  size_t len1;
  size_t len2;

  if (src1.nlimbs <= src2.nlimbs)
    {
      len1 = src1.nlimbs;
      p1 = src1.limbs;
      len2 = src2.nlimbs;
      p2 = src2.limbs;
    }
  else
    {
      len1 = src2.nlimbs;
      p1 = src2.limbs;
      len2 = src1.nlimbs;
      p2 = src1.limbs;
    }
  /* Now 0 <= len1 <= len2.  */
  if (len1 == 0)
    {
      /* src1 or src2 is zero.  */
      dest->nlimbs = 0;
      dest->limbs = (mp_limb_t *) malloc (1);
    }
  else
    {
      /* Here 1 <= len1 <= len2.  */
      size_t dlen;
      mp_limb_t *dp;
      size_t k, i, j;

      dlen = len1 + len2;
      dp = (mp_limb_t *) malloc (dlen * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
      if (dp == NULL)
        return NULL;
      for (k = len2; k > 0; )
        dp[--k] = 0;
      for (i = 0; i < len1; i++)
        {
          mp_limb_t digit1 = p1[i];
          mp_twolimb_t carry = 0;
          for (j = 0; j < len2; j++)
            {
              mp_limb_t digit2 = p2[j];
              carry += (mp_twolimb_t) digit1 * (mp_twolimb_t) digit2;
              carry += dp[i + j];
              dp[i + j] = (mp_limb_t) carry;
              carry = carry >> GMP_LIMB_BITS;
            }
          dp[i + len2] = (mp_limb_t) carry;
        }
      /* Normalise.  */
      while (dlen > 0 && dp[dlen - 1] == 0)
        dlen--;
      dest->nlimbs = dlen;
      dest->limbs = dp;
    }
  return dest->limbs;
}

/* Compute the quotient of a bignum a >= 0 and a bignum b > 0.
   a is written as  a = q * b + r  with 0 <= r < b.  q is the quotient, r
   the remainder.
   Finally, round-to-even is performed: If r > b/2 or if r = b/2 and q is odd,
   q is incremented.
   Return the allocated memory in case of success, NULL in case of memory
   allocation failure.  */
static void *
divide (mpn_t a, mpn_t b, mpn_t *q)
{
  /* Algorithm:
     First normalise a and b: a=[a[m-1],...,a[0]], b=[b[n-1],...,b[0]]
     with m>=0 and n>0 (in base beta = 2^GMP_LIMB_BITS).
     If m<n, then q:=0 and r:=a.
     If m>=n=1, perform a single-precision division:
       r:=0, j:=m,
       while j>0 do
         {Here (q[m-1]*beta^(m-1)+...+q[j]*beta^j) * b[0] + r*beta^j =
               = a[m-1]*beta^(m-1)+...+a[j]*beta^j und 0<=r<b[0]<beta}
         j:=j-1, r:=r*beta+a[j], q[j]:=floor(r/b[0]), r:=r-b[0]*q[j].
       Normalise [q[m-1],...,q[0]], yields q.
     If m>=n>1, perform a multiple-precision division:
       We have a/b < beta^(m-n+1).
       s:=intDsize-1-(hightest bit in b[n-1]), 0<=s<intDsize.
       Shift a and b left by s bits, copying them. r:=a.
       r=[r[m],...,r[0]], b=[b[n-1],...,b[0]] with b[n-1]>=beta/2.
       For j=m-n,...,0: {Here 0 <= r < b*beta^(j+1).}
         Compute q* :
           q* := floor((r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1])/b[n-1]).
           In case of overflow (q* >= beta) set q* := beta-1.
           Compute c2 := ((r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1]) - q* * b[n-1])*beta + r[j+n-2]
           and c3 := b[n-2] * q*.
           {We have 0 <= c2 < 2*beta^2, even 0 <= c2 < beta^2 if no overflow
            occurred.  Furthermore 0 <= c3 < beta^2.
            If there was overflow and
            r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1] - q* * b[n-1] >= beta, i.e. c2 >= beta^2,
            the next test can be skipped.}
           While c3 > c2, {Here 0 <= c2 < c3 < beta^2}
             Put q* := q* - 1, c2 := c2 + b[n-1]*beta, c3 := c3 - b[n-2].
           If q* > 0:
             Put r := r - b * q* * beta^j. In detail:
               [r[n+j],...,r[j]] := [r[n+j],...,r[j]] - q* * [b[n-1],...,b[0]].
               hence: u:=0, for i:=0 to n-1 do
                              u := u + q* * b[i],
                              r[j+i]:=r[j+i]-(u mod beta) (+ beta, if carry),
                              u:=u div beta (+ 1, if carry in subtraction)
                      r[n+j]:=r[n+j]-u.
               {Since always u = (q* * [b[i-1],...,b[0]] div beta^i) + 1
                               < q* + 1 <= beta,
                the carry u does not overflow.}
             If a negative carry occurs, put q* := q* - 1
               and [r[n+j],...,r[j]] := [r[n+j],...,r[j]] + [0,b[n-1],...,b[0]].
         Set q[j] := q*.
       Normalise [q[m-n],..,q[0]]; this yields the quotient q.
       Shift [r[n-1],...,r[0]] right by s bits and normalise; this yields the
       rest r.
       The room for q[j] can be allocated at the memory location of r[n+j].
     Finally, round-to-even:
       Shift r left by 1 bit.
       If r > b or if r = b and q[0] is odd, q := q+1.
   */
  const mp_limb_t *a_ptr = a.limbs;
  size_t a_len = a.nlimbs;
  const mp_limb_t *b_ptr = b.limbs;
  size_t b_len = b.nlimbs;
  mp_limb_t *roomptr;
  mp_limb_t *tmp_roomptr = NULL;
  mp_limb_t *q_ptr;
  size_t q_len;
  mp_limb_t *r_ptr;
  size_t r_len;

  /* Allocate room for a_len+2 digits.
     (Need a_len+1 digits for the real division and 1 more digit for the
     final rounding of q.)  */
  roomptr = (mp_limb_t *) malloc ((a_len + 2) * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
  if (roomptr == NULL)
    return NULL;

  /* Normalise a.  */
  while (a_len > 0 && a_ptr[a_len - 1] == 0)
    a_len--;

  /* Normalise b.  */
  for (;;)
    {
      if (b_len == 0)
        /* Division by zero.  */
        abort ();
      if (b_ptr[b_len - 1] == 0)
        b_len--;
      else
        break;
    }

  /* Here m = a_len >= 0 and n = b_len > 0.  */

  if (a_len < b_len)
    {
      /* m<n: trivial case.  q=0, r := copy of a.  */
      r_ptr = roomptr;
      r_len = a_len;
      memcpy (r_ptr, a_ptr, a_len * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
      q_ptr = roomptr + a_len;
      q_len = 0;
    }
  else if (b_len == 1)
    {
      /* n=1: single precision division.
         beta^(m-1) <= a < beta^m  ==>  beta^(m-2) <= a/b < beta^m  */
      r_ptr = roomptr;
      q_ptr = roomptr + 1;
      {
        mp_limb_t den = b_ptr[0];
        mp_limb_t remainder = 0;
        const mp_limb_t *sourceptr = a_ptr + a_len;
        mp_limb_t *destptr = q_ptr + a_len;
        size_t count;
        for (count = a_len; count > 0; count--)
          {
            mp_twolimb_t num =
              ((mp_twolimb_t) remainder << GMP_LIMB_BITS) | *--sourceptr;
            *--destptr = num / den;
            remainder = num % den;
          }
        /* Normalise and store r.  */
        if (remainder > 0)
          {
            r_ptr[0] = remainder;
            r_len = 1;
          }
        else
          r_len = 0;
        /* Normalise q.  */
        q_len = a_len;
        if (q_ptr[q_len - 1] == 0)
          q_len--;
      }
    }
  else
    {
      /* n>1: multiple precision division.
         beta^(m-1) <= a < beta^m, beta^(n-1) <= b < beta^n  ==>
         beta^(m-n-1) <= a/b < beta^(m-n+1).  */
      /* Determine s.  */
      size_t s;
      {
        mp_limb_t msd = b_ptr[b_len - 1]; /* = b[n-1], > 0 */
        s = 31;
        if (msd >= 0x10000)
          {
            msd = msd >> 16;
            s -= 16;
          }
        if (msd >= 0x100)
          {
            msd = msd >> 8;
            s -= 8;
          }
        if (msd >= 0x10)
          {
            msd = msd >> 4;
            s -= 4;
          }
        if (msd >= 0x4)
          {
            msd = msd >> 2;
            s -= 2;
          }
        if (msd >= 0x2)
          {
            msd = msd >> 1;
            s -= 1;
          }
      }
      /* 0 <= s < GMP_LIMB_BITS.
         Copy b, shifting it left by s bits.  */
      if (s > 0)
        {
          tmp_roomptr = (mp_limb_t *) malloc (b_len * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
          if (tmp_roomptr == NULL)
            {
              free (roomptr);
              return NULL;
            }
          {
            const mp_limb_t *sourceptr = b_ptr;
            mp_limb_t *destptr = tmp_roomptr;
            mp_twolimb_t accu = 0;
            size_t count;
            for (count = b_len; count > 0; count--)
              {
                accu += (mp_twolimb_t) *sourceptr++ << s;
                *destptr++ = (mp_limb_t) accu;
                accu = accu >> GMP_LIMB_BITS;
              }
            /* accu must be zero, since that was how s was determined.  */
            if (accu != 0)
              abort ();
          }
          b_ptr = tmp_roomptr;
        }
      /* Copy a, shifting it left by s bits, yields r.
         Memory layout:
         At the beginning: r = roomptr[0..a_len],
         at the end: r = roomptr[0..b_len-1], q = roomptr[b_len..a_len]  */
      r_ptr = roomptr;
      if (s == 0)
        {
          memcpy (r_ptr, a_ptr, a_len * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
          r_ptr[a_len] = 0;
        }
      else
        {
          const mp_limb_t *sourceptr = a_ptr;
          mp_limb_t *destptr = r_ptr;
          mp_twolimb_t accu = 0;
          size_t count;
          for (count = a_len; count > 0; count--)
            {
              accu += (mp_twolimb_t) *sourceptr++ << s;
              *destptr++ = (mp_limb_t) accu;
              accu = accu >> GMP_LIMB_BITS;
            }
          *destptr++ = (mp_limb_t) accu;
        }
      q_ptr = roomptr + b_len;
      q_len = a_len - b_len + 1; /* q will have m-n+1 limbs */
      {
        size_t j = a_len - b_len; /* m-n */
        mp_limb_t b_msd = b_ptr[b_len - 1]; /* b[n-1] */
        mp_limb_t b_2msd = b_ptr[b_len - 2]; /* b[n-2] */
        mp_twolimb_t b_msdd = /* b[n-1]*beta+b[n-2] */
          ((mp_twolimb_t) b_msd << GMP_LIMB_BITS) | b_2msd;
        /* Division loop, traversed m-n+1 times.
           j counts down, b is unchanged, beta/2 <= b[n-1] < beta.  */
        for (;;)
          {
            mp_limb_t q_star;
            mp_limb_t c1;
            if (r_ptr[j + b_len] < b_msd) /* r[j+n] < b[n-1] ? */
              {
                /* Divide r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1] by b[n-1], no overflow.  */
                mp_twolimb_t num =
                  ((mp_twolimb_t) r_ptr[j + b_len] << GMP_LIMB_BITS)
                  | r_ptr[j + b_len - 1];
                q_star = num / b_msd;
                c1 = num % b_msd;
              }
            else
              {
                /* Overflow, hence r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1] >= beta*b[n-1].  */
                q_star = (mp_limb_t)~(mp_limb_t)0; /* q* = beta-1 */
                /* Test whether r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1] - (beta-1)*b[n-1] >= beta
                   <==> r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1] + b[n-1] >= beta*b[n-1]+beta
                   <==> b[n-1] < floor((r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1]+b[n-1])/beta)
                        {<= beta !}.
                   If yes, jump directly to the subtraction loop.
                   (Otherwise, r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1] - (beta-1)*b[n-1] < beta
                    <==> floor((r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1]+b[n-1])/beta) = b[n-1] ) */
                if (r_ptr[j + b_len] > b_msd
                    || (c1 = r_ptr[j + b_len - 1] + b_msd) < b_msd)
                  /* r[j+n] >= b[n-1]+1 or
                     r[j+n] = b[n-1] and the addition r[j+n-1]+b[n-1] gives a
                     carry.  */
                  goto subtract;
              }
            /* q_star = q*,
               c1 = (r[j+n]*beta+r[j+n-1]) - q* * b[n-1] (>=0, <beta).  */
            {
              mp_twolimb_t c2 = /* c1*beta+r[j+n-2] */
                ((mp_twolimb_t) c1 << GMP_LIMB_BITS) | r_ptr[j + b_len - 2];
              mp_twolimb_t c3 = /* b[n-2] * q* */
                (mp_twolimb_t) b_2msd * (mp_twolimb_t) q_star;
              /* While c2 < c3, increase c2 and decrease c3.
                 Consider c3-c2.  While it is > 0, decrease it by
                 b[n-1]*beta+b[n-2].  Because of b[n-1]*beta+b[n-2] >= beta^2/2
                 this can happen only twice.  */
              if (c3 > c2)
                {
                  q_star = q_star - 1; /* q* := q* - 1 */
                  if (c3 - c2 > b_msdd)
                    q_star = q_star - 1; /* q* := q* - 1 */
                }
            }
            if (q_star > 0)
              subtract:
              {
                /* Subtract r := r - b * q* * beta^j.  */
                mp_limb_t cr;
                {
                  const mp_limb_t *sourceptr = b_ptr;
                  mp_limb_t *destptr = r_ptr + j;
                  mp_twolimb_t carry = 0;
                  size_t count;
                  for (count = b_len; count > 0; count--)
                    {
                      /* Here 0 <= carry <= q*.  */
                      carry =
                        carry
                        + (mp_twolimb_t) q_star * (mp_twolimb_t) *sourceptr++
                        + (mp_limb_t) ~(*destptr);
                      /* Here 0 <= carry <= beta*q* + beta-1.  */
                      *destptr++ = ~(mp_limb_t) carry;
                      carry = carry >> GMP_LIMB_BITS; /* <= q* */
                    }
                  cr = (mp_limb_t) carry;
                }
                /* Subtract cr from r_ptr[j + b_len], then forget about
                   r_ptr[j + b_len].  */
                if (cr > r_ptr[j + b_len])
                  {
                    /* Subtraction gave a carry.  */
                    q_star = q_star - 1; /* q* := q* - 1 */
                    /* Add b back.  */
                    {
                      const mp_limb_t *sourceptr = b_ptr;
                      mp_limb_t *destptr = r_ptr + j;
                      mp_limb_t carry = 0;
                      size_t count;
                      for (count = b_len; count > 0; count--)
                        {
                          mp_limb_t source1 = *sourceptr++;
                          mp_limb_t source2 = *destptr;
                          *destptr++ = source1 + source2 + carry;
                          carry =
                            (carry
                             ? source1 >= (mp_limb_t) ~source2
                             : source1 > (mp_limb_t) ~source2);
                        }
                    }
                    /* Forget about the carry and about r[j+n].  */
                  }
              }
            /* q* is determined.  Store it as q[j].  */
            q_ptr[j] = q_star;
            if (j == 0)
              break;
            j--;
          }
      }
      r_len = b_len;
      /* Normalise q.  */
      if (q_ptr[q_len - 1] == 0)
        q_len--;
# if 0 /* Not needed here, since we need r only to compare it with b/2, and
          b is shifted left by s bits.  */
      /* Shift r right by s bits.  */
      if (s > 0)
        {
          mp_limb_t ptr = r_ptr + r_len;
          mp_twolimb_t accu = 0;
          size_t count;
          for (count = r_len; count > 0; count--)
            {
              accu = (mp_twolimb_t) (mp_limb_t) accu << GMP_LIMB_BITS;
              accu += (mp_twolimb_t) *--ptr << (GMP_LIMB_BITS - s);
              *ptr = (mp_limb_t) (accu >> GMP_LIMB_BITS);
            }
        }
# endif
      /* Normalise r.  */
      while (r_len > 0 && r_ptr[r_len - 1] == 0)
        r_len--;
    }
  /* Compare r << 1 with b.  */
  if (r_len > b_len)
    goto increment_q;
  {
    size_t i;
    for (i = b_len;;)
      {
        mp_limb_t r_i =
          (i <= r_len && i > 0 ? r_ptr[i - 1] >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS - 1) : 0)
          | (i < r_len ? r_ptr[i] << 1 : 0);
        mp_limb_t b_i = (i < b_len ? b_ptr[i] : 0);
        if (r_i > b_i)
          goto increment_q;
        if (r_i < b_i)
          goto keep_q;
        if (i == 0)
          break;
        i--;
      }
  }
  if (q_len > 0 && ((q_ptr[0] & 1) != 0))
    /* q is odd.  */
    increment_q:
    {
      size_t i;
      for (i = 0; i < q_len; i++)
        if (++(q_ptr[i]) != 0)
          goto keep_q;
      q_ptr[q_len++] = 1;
    }
  keep_q:
  if (tmp_roomptr != NULL)
    free (tmp_roomptr);
  q->limbs = q_ptr;
  q->nlimbs = q_len;
  return roomptr;
}

/* Convert a bignum a >= 0, multiplied with 10^extra_zeroes, to decimal
   representation.
   Destroys the contents of a.
   Return the allocated memory - containing the decimal digits in low-to-high
   order, terminated with a NUL character - in case of success, NULL in case
   of memory allocation failure.  */
static char *
convert_to_decimal (mpn_t a, size_t extra_zeroes)
{
  mp_limb_t *a_ptr = a.limbs;
  size_t a_len = a.nlimbs;
  /* 0.03345 is slightly larger than log(2)/(9*log(10)).  */
  size_t c_len = 9 * ((size_t)(a_len * (GMP_LIMB_BITS * 0.03345f)) + 1);
  char *c_ptr = (char *) malloc (xsum (c_len, extra_zeroes));
  if (c_ptr != NULL)
    {
      char *d_ptr = c_ptr;
      for (; extra_zeroes > 0; extra_zeroes--)
        *d_ptr++ = '0';
      while (a_len > 0)
        {
          /* Divide a by 10^9, in-place.  */
          mp_limb_t remainder = 0;
          mp_limb_t *ptr = a_ptr + a_len;
          size_t count;
          for (count = a_len; count > 0; count--)
            {
              mp_twolimb_t num =
                ((mp_twolimb_t) remainder << GMP_LIMB_BITS) | *--ptr;
              *ptr = num / 1000000000;
              remainder = num % 1000000000;
            }
          /* Store the remainder as 9 decimal digits.  */
          for (count = 9; count > 0; count--)
            {
              *d_ptr++ = '0' + (remainder % 10);
              remainder = remainder / 10;
            }
          /* Normalize a.  */
          if (a_ptr[a_len - 1] == 0)
            a_len--;
        }
      /* Remove leading zeroes.  */
      while (d_ptr > c_ptr && d_ptr[-1] == '0')
        d_ptr--;
      /* But keep at least one zero.  */
      if (d_ptr == c_ptr)
        *d_ptr++ = '0';
      /* Terminate the string.  */
      *d_ptr = '\0';
    }
  return c_ptr;
}

# if NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE

/* Assuming x is finite and >= 0:
   write x as x = 2^e * m, where m is a bignum.
   Return the allocated memory in case of success, NULL in case of memory
   allocation failure.  */
static void *
decode_long_double (long double x, int *ep, mpn_t *mp)
{
  mpn_t m;
  int exp;
  long double y;
  size_t i;

  /* Allocate memory for result.  */
  m.nlimbs = (LDBL_MANT_BIT + GMP_LIMB_BITS - 1) / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
  m.limbs = (mp_limb_t *) malloc (m.nlimbs * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
  if (m.limbs == NULL)
    return NULL;
  /* Split into exponential part and mantissa.  */
  y = frexpl (x, &exp);
  if (!(y >= 0.0L && y < 1.0L))
    abort ();
  /* x = 2^exp * y = 2^(exp - LDBL_MANT_BIT) * (y * LDBL_MANT_BIT), and the
     latter is an integer.  */
  /* Convert the mantissa (y * LDBL_MANT_BIT) to a sequence of limbs.
     I'm not sure whether it's safe to cast a 'long double' value between
     2^31 and 2^32 to 'unsigned int', therefore play safe and cast only
     'long double' values between 0 and 2^16 (to 'unsigned int' or 'int',
     doesn't matter).  */
#  if (LDBL_MANT_BIT % GMP_LIMB_BITS) != 0
#   if (LDBL_MANT_BIT % GMP_LIMB_BITS) > GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2
    {
      mp_limb_t hi, lo;
      y *= (mp_limb_t) 1 << (LDBL_MANT_BIT % (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2));
      hi = (int) y;
      y -= hi;
      if (!(y >= 0.0L && y < 1.0L))
        abort ();
      y *= (mp_limb_t) 1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2);
      lo = (int) y;
      y -= lo;
      if (!(y >= 0.0L && y < 1.0L))
        abort ();
      m.limbs[LDBL_MANT_BIT / GMP_LIMB_BITS] = (hi << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) | lo;
    }
#   else
    {
      mp_limb_t d;
      y *= (mp_limb_t) 1 << (LDBL_MANT_BIT % GMP_LIMB_BITS);
      d = (int) y;
      y -= d;
      if (!(y >= 0.0L && y < 1.0L))
        abort ();
      m.limbs[LDBL_MANT_BIT / GMP_LIMB_BITS] = d;
    }
#   endif
#  endif
  for (i = LDBL_MANT_BIT / GMP_LIMB_BITS; i > 0; )
    {
      mp_limb_t hi, lo;
      y *= (mp_limb_t) 1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2);
      hi = (int) y;
      y -= hi;
      if (!(y >= 0.0L && y < 1.0L))
        abort ();
      y *= (mp_limb_t) 1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2);
      lo = (int) y;
      y -= lo;
      if (!(y >= 0.0L && y < 1.0L))
        abort ();
      m.limbs[--i] = (hi << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) | lo;
    }
#if 0 /* On FreeBSD 6.1/x86, 'long double' numbers sometimes have excess
         precision.  */
  if (!(y == 0.0L))
    abort ();
#endif
  /* Normalise.  */
  while (m.nlimbs > 0 && m.limbs[m.nlimbs - 1] == 0)
    m.nlimbs--;
  *mp = m;
  *ep = exp - LDBL_MANT_BIT;
  return m.limbs;
}

# endif

# if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE

/* Assuming x is finite and >= 0:
   write x as x = 2^e * m, where m is a bignum.
   Return the allocated memory in case of success, NULL in case of memory
   allocation failure.  */
static void *
decode_double (double x, int *ep, mpn_t *mp)
{
  mpn_t m;
  int exp;
  double y;
  size_t i;

  /* Allocate memory for result.  */
  m.nlimbs = (DBL_MANT_BIT + GMP_LIMB_BITS - 1) / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
  m.limbs = (mp_limb_t *) malloc (m.nlimbs * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
  if (m.limbs == NULL)
    return NULL;
  /* Split into exponential part and mantissa.  */
  y = frexp (x, &exp);
  if (!(y >= 0.0 && y < 1.0))
    abort ();
  /* x = 2^exp * y = 2^(exp - DBL_MANT_BIT) * (y * DBL_MANT_BIT), and the
     latter is an integer.  */
  /* Convert the mantissa (y * DBL_MANT_BIT) to a sequence of limbs.
     I'm not sure whether it's safe to cast a 'double' value between
     2^31 and 2^32 to 'unsigned int', therefore play safe and cast only
     'double' values between 0 and 2^16 (to 'unsigned int' or 'int',
     doesn't matter).  */
#  if (DBL_MANT_BIT % GMP_LIMB_BITS) != 0
#   if (DBL_MANT_BIT % GMP_LIMB_BITS) > GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2
    {
      mp_limb_t hi, lo;
      y *= (mp_limb_t) 1 << (DBL_MANT_BIT % (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2));
      hi = (int) y;
      y -= hi;
      if (!(y >= 0.0 && y < 1.0))
        abort ();
      y *= (mp_limb_t) 1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2);
      lo = (int) y;
      y -= lo;
      if (!(y >= 0.0 && y < 1.0))
        abort ();
      m.limbs[DBL_MANT_BIT / GMP_LIMB_BITS] = (hi << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) | lo;
    }
#   else
    {
      mp_limb_t d;
      y *= (mp_limb_t) 1 << (DBL_MANT_BIT % GMP_LIMB_BITS);
      d = (int) y;
      y -= d;
      if (!(y >= 0.0 && y < 1.0))
        abort ();
      m.limbs[DBL_MANT_BIT / GMP_LIMB_BITS] = d;
    }
#   endif
#  endif
  for (i = DBL_MANT_BIT / GMP_LIMB_BITS; i > 0; )
    {
      mp_limb_t hi, lo;
      y *= (mp_limb_t) 1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2);
      hi = (int) y;
      y -= hi;
      if (!(y >= 0.0 && y < 1.0))
        abort ();
      y *= (mp_limb_t) 1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2);
      lo = (int) y;
      y -= lo;
      if (!(y >= 0.0 && y < 1.0))
        abort ();
      m.limbs[--i] = (hi << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) | lo;
    }
  if (!(y == 0.0))
    abort ();
  /* Normalise.  */
  while (m.nlimbs > 0 && m.limbs[m.nlimbs - 1] == 0)
    m.nlimbs--;
  *mp = m;
  *ep = exp - DBL_MANT_BIT;
  return m.limbs;
}

# endif

/* Assuming x = 2^e * m is finite and >= 0, and n is an integer:
   Returns the decimal representation of round (x * 10^n).
   Return the allocated memory - containing the decimal digits in low-to-high
   order, terminated with a NUL character - in case of success, NULL in case
   of memory allocation failure.  */
static char *
scale10_round_decimal_decoded (int e, mpn_t m, void *memory, int n)
{
  int s;
  size_t extra_zeroes;
  unsigned int abs_n;
  unsigned int abs_s;
  mp_limb_t *pow5_ptr;
  size_t pow5_len;
  unsigned int s_limbs;
  unsigned int s_bits;
  mpn_t pow5;
  mpn_t z;
  void *z_memory;
  char *digits;

  if (memory == NULL)
    return NULL;
  /* x = 2^e * m, hence
     y = round (2^e * 10^n * m) = round (2^(e+n) * 5^n * m)
       = round (2^s * 5^n * m).  */
  s = e + n;
  extra_zeroes = 0;
  /* Factor out a common power of 10 if possible.  */
  if (s > 0 && n > 0)
    {
      extra_zeroes = (s < n ? s : n);
      s -= extra_zeroes;
      n -= extra_zeroes;
    }
  /* Here y = round (2^s * 5^n * m) * 10^extra_zeroes.
     Before converting to decimal, we need to compute
     z = round (2^s * 5^n * m).  */
  /* Compute 5^|n|, possibly shifted by |s| bits if n and s have the same
     sign.  2.322 is slightly larger than log(5)/log(2).  */
  abs_n = (n >= 0 ? n : -n);
  abs_s = (s >= 0 ? s : -s);
  pow5_ptr = (mp_limb_t *) malloc (((int)(abs_n * (2.322f / GMP_LIMB_BITS)) + 1
                                    + abs_s / GMP_LIMB_BITS + 1)
                                   * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
  if (pow5_ptr == NULL)
    {
      free (memory);
      return NULL;
    }
  /* Initialize with 1.  */
  pow5_ptr[0] = 1;
  pow5_len = 1;
  /* Multiply with 5^|n|.  */
  if (abs_n > 0)
    {
      static mp_limb_t const small_pow5[13 + 1] =
        {
          1, 5, 25, 125, 625, 3125, 15625, 78125, 390625, 1953125, 9765625,
          48828125, 244140625, 1220703125
        };
      unsigned int n13;
      for (n13 = 0; n13 <= abs_n; n13 += 13)
        {
          mp_limb_t digit1 = small_pow5[n13 + 13 <= abs_n ? 13 : abs_n - n13];
          size_t j;
          mp_twolimb_t carry = 0;
          for (j = 0; j < pow5_len; j++)
            {
              mp_limb_t digit2 = pow5_ptr[j];
              carry += (mp_twolimb_t) digit1 * (mp_twolimb_t) digit2;
              pow5_ptr[j] = (mp_limb_t) carry;
              carry = carry >> GMP_LIMB_BITS;
            }
          if (carry > 0)
            pow5_ptr[pow5_len++] = (mp_limb_t) carry;
        }
    }
  s_limbs = abs_s / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
  s_bits = abs_s % GMP_LIMB_BITS;
  if (n >= 0 ? s >= 0 : s <= 0)
    {
      /* Multiply with 2^|s|.  */
      if (s_bits > 0)
        {
          mp_limb_t *ptr = pow5_ptr;
          mp_twolimb_t accu = 0;
          size_t count;
          for (count = pow5_len; count > 0; count--)
            {
              accu += (mp_twolimb_t) *ptr << s_bits;
              *ptr++ = (mp_limb_t) accu;
              accu = accu >> GMP_LIMB_BITS;
            }
          if (accu > 0)
            {
              *ptr = (mp_limb_t) accu;
              pow5_len++;
            }
        }
      if (s_limbs > 0)
        {
          size_t count;
          for (count = pow5_len; count > 0;)
            {
              count--;
              pow5_ptr[s_limbs + count] = pow5_ptr[count];
            }
          for (count = s_limbs; count > 0;)
            {
              count--;
              pow5_ptr[count] = 0;
            }
          pow5_len += s_limbs;
        }
      pow5.limbs = pow5_ptr;
      pow5.nlimbs = pow5_len;
      if (n >= 0)
        {
          /* Multiply m with pow5.  No division needed.  */
          z_memory = multiply (m, pow5, &z);
        }
      else
        {
          /* Divide m by pow5 and round.  */
          z_memory = divide (m, pow5, &z);
        }
    }
  else
    {
      pow5.limbs = pow5_ptr;
      pow5.nlimbs = pow5_len;
      if (n >= 0)
        {
          /* n >= 0, s < 0.
             Multiply m with pow5, then divide by 2^|s|.  */
          mpn_t numerator;
          mpn_t denominator;
          void *tmp_memory;
          tmp_memory = multiply (m, pow5, &numerator);
          if (tmp_memory == NULL)
            {
              free (pow5_ptr);
              free (memory);
              return NULL;
            }
          /* Construct 2^|s|.  */
          {
            mp_limb_t *ptr = pow5_ptr + pow5_len;
            size_t i;
            for (i = 0; i < s_limbs; i++)
              ptr[i] = 0;
            ptr[s_limbs] = (mp_limb_t) 1 << s_bits;
            denominator.limbs = ptr;
            denominator.nlimbs = s_limbs + 1;
          }
          z_memory = divide (numerator, denominator, &z);
          free (tmp_memory);
        }
      else
        {
          /* n < 0, s > 0.
             Multiply m with 2^s, then divide by pow5.  */
          mpn_t numerator;
          mp_limb_t *num_ptr;
          num_ptr = (mp_limb_t *) malloc ((m.nlimbs + s_limbs + 1)
                                          * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
          if (num_ptr == NULL)
            {
              free (pow5_ptr);
              free (memory);
              return NULL;
            }
          {
            mp_limb_t *destptr = num_ptr;
            {
              size_t i;
              for (i = 0; i < s_limbs; i++)
                *destptr++ = 0;
            }
            if (s_bits > 0)
              {
                const mp_limb_t *sourceptr = m.limbs;
                mp_twolimb_t accu = 0;
                size_t count;
                for (count = m.nlimbs; count > 0; count--)
                  {
                    accu += (mp_twolimb_t) *sourceptr++ << s_bits;
                    *destptr++ = (mp_limb_t) accu;
                    accu = accu >> GMP_LIMB_BITS;
                  }
                if (accu > 0)
                  *destptr++ = (mp_limb_t) accu;
              }
            else
              {
                const mp_limb_t *sourceptr = m.limbs;
                size_t count;
                for (count = m.nlimbs; count > 0; count--)
                  *destptr++ = *sourceptr++;
              }
            numerator.limbs = num_ptr;
            numerator.nlimbs = destptr - num_ptr;
          }
          z_memory = divide (numerator, pow5, &z);
          free (num_ptr);
        }
    }
  free (pow5_ptr);
  free (memory);

  /* Here y = round (x * 10^n) = z * 10^extra_zeroes.  */

  if (z_memory == NULL)
    return NULL;
  digits = convert_to_decimal (z, extra_zeroes);
  free (z_memory);
  return digits;
}

# if NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE

/* Assuming x is finite and >= 0, and n is an integer:
   Returns the decimal representation of round (x * 10^n).
   Return the allocated memory - containing the decimal digits in low-to-high
   order, terminated with a NUL character - in case of success, NULL in case
   of memory allocation failure.  */
static char *
scale10_round_decimal_long_double (long double x, int n)
{
  int e IF_LINT(= 0);
  mpn_t m;
  void *memory = decode_long_double (x, &e, &m);
  return scale10_round_decimal_decoded (e, m, memory, n);
}

# endif

# if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE

/* Assuming x is finite and >= 0, and n is an integer:
   Returns the decimal representation of round (x * 10^n).
   Return the allocated memory - containing the decimal digits in low-to-high
   order, terminated with a NUL character - in case of success, NULL in case
   of memory allocation failure.  */
static char *
scale10_round_decimal_double (double x, int n)
{
  int e IF_LINT(= 0);
  mpn_t m;
  void *memory = decode_double (x, &e, &m);
  return scale10_round_decimal_decoded (e, m, memory, n);
}

# endif

# if NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE

/* Assuming x is finite and > 0:
   Return an approximation for n with 10^n <= x < 10^(n+1).
   The approximation is usually the right n, but may be off by 1 sometimes.  */
static int
floorlog10l (long double x)
{
  int exp;
  long double y;
  double z;
  double l;

  /* Split into exponential part and mantissa.  */
  y = frexpl (x, &exp);
  if (!(y >= 0.0L && y < 1.0L))
    abort ();
  if (y == 0.0L)
    return INT_MIN;
  if (y < 0.5L)
    {
      while (y < (1.0L / (1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) / (1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2))))
        {
          y *= 1.0L * (1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) * (1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2));
          exp -= GMP_LIMB_BITS;
        }
      if (y < (1.0L / (1 << 16)))
        {
          y *= 1.0L * (1 << 16);
          exp -= 16;
        }
      if (y < (1.0L / (1 << 8)))
        {
          y *= 1.0L * (1 << 8);
          exp -= 8;
        }
      if (y < (1.0L / (1 << 4)))
        {
          y *= 1.0L * (1 << 4);
          exp -= 4;
        }
      if (y < (1.0L / (1 << 2)))
        {
          y *= 1.0L * (1 << 2);
          exp -= 2;
        }
      if (y < (1.0L / (1 << 1)))
        {
          y *= 1.0L * (1 << 1);
          exp -= 1;
        }
    }
  if (!(y >= 0.5L && y < 1.0L))
    abort ();
  /* Compute an approximation for l = log2(x) = exp + log2(y).  */
  l = exp;
  z = y;
  if (z < 0.70710678118654752444)
    {
      z *= 1.4142135623730950488;
      l -= 0.5;
    }
  if (z < 0.8408964152537145431)
    {
      z *= 1.1892071150027210667;
      l -= 0.25;
    }
  if (z < 0.91700404320467123175)
    {
      z *= 1.0905077326652576592;
      l -= 0.125;
    }
  if (z < 0.9576032806985736469)
    {
      z *= 1.0442737824274138403;
      l -= 0.0625;
    }
  /* Now 0.95 <= z <= 1.01.  */
  z = 1 - z;
  /* log2(1-z) = 1/log(2) * (- z - z^2/2 - z^3/3 - z^4/4 - ...)
     Four terms are enough to get an approximation with error < 10^-7.  */
  l -= 1.4426950408889634074 * z * (1.0 + z * (0.5 + z * ((1.0 / 3) + z * 0.25)));
  /* Finally multiply with log(2)/log(10), yields an approximation for
     log10(x).  */
  l *= 0.30102999566398119523;
  /* Round down to the next integer.  */
  return (int) l + (l < 0 ? -1 : 0);
}

# endif

# if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE

/* Assuming x is finite and > 0:
   Return an approximation for n with 10^n <= x < 10^(n+1).
   The approximation is usually the right n, but may be off by 1 sometimes.  */
static int
floorlog10 (double x)
{
  int exp;
  double y;
  double z;
  double l;

  /* Split into exponential part and mantissa.  */
  y = frexp (x, &exp);
  if (!(y >= 0.0 && y < 1.0))
    abort ();
  if (y == 0.0)
    return INT_MIN;
  if (y < 0.5)
    {
      while (y < (1.0 / (1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) / (1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2))))
        {
          y *= 1.0 * (1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) * (1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2));
          exp -= GMP_LIMB_BITS;
        }
      if (y < (1.0 / (1 << 16)))
        {
          y *= 1.0 * (1 << 16);
          exp -= 16;
        }
      if (y < (1.0 / (1 << 8)))
        {
          y *= 1.0 * (1 << 8);
          exp -= 8;
        }
      if (y < (1.0 / (1 << 4)))
        {
          y *= 1.0 * (1 << 4);
          exp -= 4;
        }
      if (y < (1.0 / (1 << 2)))
        {
          y *= 1.0 * (1 << 2);
          exp -= 2;
        }
      if (y < (1.0 / (1 << 1)))
        {
          y *= 1.0 * (1 << 1);
          exp -= 1;
        }
    }
  if (!(y >= 0.5 && y < 1.0))
    abort ();
  /* Compute an approximation for l = log2(x) = exp + log2(y).  */
  l = exp;
  z = y;
  if (z < 0.70710678118654752444)
    {
      z *= 1.4142135623730950488;
      l -= 0.5;
    }
  if (z < 0.8408964152537145431)
    {
      z *= 1.1892071150027210667;
      l -= 0.25;
    }
  if (z < 0.91700404320467123175)
    {
      z *= 1.0905077326652576592;
      l -= 0.125;
    }
  if (z < 0.9576032806985736469)
    {
      z *= 1.0442737824274138403;
      l -= 0.0625;
    }
  /* Now 0.95 <= z <= 1.01.  */
  z = 1 - z;
  /* log2(1-z) = 1/log(2) * (- z - z^2/2 - z^3/3 - z^4/4 - ...)
     Four terms are enough to get an approximation with error < 10^-7.  */
  l -= 1.4426950408889634074 * z * (1.0 + z * (0.5 + z * ((1.0 / 3) + z * 0.25)));
  /* Finally multiply with log(2)/log(10), yields an approximation for
     log10(x).  */
  l *= 0.30102999566398119523;
  /* Round down to the next integer.  */
  return (int) l + (l < 0 ? -1 : 0);
}

# endif

/* Tests whether a string of digits consists of exactly PRECISION zeroes and
   a single '1' digit.  */
static int
is_borderline (const char *digits, size_t precision)
{
  for (; precision > 0; precision--, digits++)
    if (*digits != '0')
      return 0;
  if (*digits != '1')
    return 0;
  digits++;
  return *digits == '\0';
}

#endif

DCHAR_T *
VASNPRINTF (DCHAR_T *resultbuf, size_t *lengthp,
            const FCHAR_T *format, va_list args)
{
  DIRECTIVES d;
  arguments a;

  if (PRINTF_PARSE (format, &d, &a) < 0)
    /* errno is already set.  */
    return NULL;

#define CLEANUP() \
  free (d.dir);                                                         \
  if (a.arg)                                                            \
    free (a.arg);

  if (PRINTF_FETCHARGS (args, &a) < 0)
    {
      CLEANUP ();
      errno = EINVAL;
      return NULL;
    }

  {
    size_t buf_neededlength;
    TCHAR_T *buf;
    TCHAR_T *buf_malloced;
    const FCHAR_T *cp;
    size_t i;
    DIRECTIVE *dp;
    /* Output string accumulator.  */
    DCHAR_T *result;
    size_t allocated;
    size_t length;

    /* Allocate a small buffer that will hold a directive passed to
       sprintf or snprintf.  */
    buf_neededlength =
      xsum4 (7, d.max_width_length, d.max_precision_length, 6);
#if HAVE_ALLOCA
    if (buf_neededlength < 4000 / sizeof (TCHAR_T))
      {
        buf = (TCHAR_T *) alloca (buf_neededlength * sizeof (TCHAR_T));
        buf_malloced = NULL;
      }
    else
#endif
      {
        size_t buf_memsize = xtimes (buf_neededlength, sizeof (TCHAR_T));
        if (size_overflow_p (buf_memsize))
          goto out_of_memory_1;
        buf = (TCHAR_T *) malloc (buf_memsize);
        if (buf == NULL)
          goto out_of_memory_1;
        buf_malloced = buf;
      }

    if (resultbuf != NULL)
      {
        result = resultbuf;
        allocated = *lengthp;
      }
    else
      {
        result = NULL;
        allocated = 0;
      }
    length = 0;
    /* Invariants:
       result is either == resultbuf or == NULL or malloc-allocated.
       If length > 0, then result != NULL.  */

    /* Ensures that allocated >= needed.  Aborts through a jump to
       out_of_memory if needed is SIZE_MAX or otherwise too big.  */
#define ENSURE_ALLOCATION(needed) \
    if ((needed) > allocated)                                                \
      {                                                                      \
        size_t memory_size;                                                  \
        DCHAR_T *memory;                                                     \
                                                                             \
        allocated = (allocated > 0 ? xtimes (allocated, 2) : 12);            \
        if ((needed) > allocated)                                            \
          allocated = (needed);                                              \
        memory_size = xtimes (allocated, sizeof (DCHAR_T));                  \
        if (size_overflow_p (memory_size))                                   \
          goto out_of_memory;                                                \
        if (result == resultbuf || result == NULL)                           \
          memory = (DCHAR_T *) malloc (memory_size);                         \
        else                                                                 \
          memory = (DCHAR_T *) realloc (result, memory_size);                \
        if (memory == NULL)                                                  \
          goto out_of_memory;                                                \
        if (result == resultbuf && length > 0)                               \
          DCHAR_CPY (memory, result, length);                                \
        result = memory;                                                     \
      }

    for (cp = format, i = 0, dp = &d.dir[0]; ; cp = dp->dir_end, i++, dp++)
      {
        if (cp != dp->dir_start)
          {
            size_t n = dp->dir_start - cp;
            size_t augmented_length = xsum (length, n);

            ENSURE_ALLOCATION (augmented_length);
            /* This copies a piece of FCHAR_T[] into a DCHAR_T[].  Here we
               need that the format string contains only ASCII characters
               if FCHAR_T and DCHAR_T are not the same type.  */
            if (sizeof (FCHAR_T) == sizeof (DCHAR_T))
              {
                DCHAR_CPY (result + length, (const DCHAR_T *) cp, n);
                length = augmented_length;
              }
            else
              {
                do
                  result[length++] = (unsigned char) *cp++;
                while (--n > 0);
              }
          }
        if (i == d.count)
          break;

        /* Execute a single directive.  */
        if (dp->conversion == '%')
          {
            size_t augmented_length;

            if (!(dp->arg_index == ARG_NONE))
              abort ();
            augmented_length = xsum (length, 1);
            ENSURE_ALLOCATION (augmented_length);
            result[length] = '%';
            length = augmented_length;
          }
        else
          {
            if (!(dp->arg_index != ARG_NONE))
              abort ();

            if (dp->conversion == 'n')
              {
                switch (a.arg[dp->arg_index].type)
                  {
                  case TYPE_COUNT_SCHAR_POINTER:
                    *a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_count_schar_pointer = length;
                    break;
                  case TYPE_COUNT_SHORT_POINTER:
                    *a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_count_short_pointer = length;
                    break;
                  case TYPE_COUNT_INT_POINTER:
                    *a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_count_int_pointer = length;
                    break;
                  case TYPE_COUNT_LONGINT_POINTER:
                    *a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_count_longint_pointer = length;
                    break;
#if HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT
                  case TYPE_COUNT_LONGLONGINT_POINTER:
                    *a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_count_longlongint_pointer = length;
                    break;
#endif
                  default:
                    abort ();
                  }
              }
#if ENABLE_UNISTDIO
            /* The unistdio extensions.  */
            else if (dp->conversion == 'U')
              {
                arg_type type = a.arg[dp->arg_index].type;
                int flags = dp->flags;
                int has_width;
                size_t width;
                int has_precision;
                size_t precision;

                has_width = 0;
                width = 0;
                if (dp->width_start != dp->width_end)
                  {
                    if (dp->width_arg_index != ARG_NONE)
                      {
                        int arg;

                        if (!(a.arg[dp->width_arg_index].type == TYPE_INT))
                          abort ();
                        arg = a.arg[dp->width_arg_index].a.a_int;
                        if (arg < 0)
                          {
                            /* "A negative field width is taken as a '-' flag
                                followed by a positive field width."  */
                            flags |= FLAG_LEFT;
                            width = (unsigned int) (-arg);
                          }
                        else
                          width = arg;
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        const FCHAR_T *digitp = dp->width_start;

                        do
                          width = xsum (xtimes (width, 10), *digitp++ - '0');
                        while (digitp != dp->width_end);
                      }
                    has_width = 1;
                  }

                has_precision = 0;
                precision = 0;
                if (dp->precision_start != dp->precision_end)
                  {
                    if (dp->precision_arg_index != ARG_NONE)
                      {
                        int arg;

                        if (!(a.arg[dp->precision_arg_index].type == TYPE_INT))
                          abort ();
                        arg = a.arg[dp->precision_arg_index].a.a_int;
                        /* "A negative precision is taken as if the precision
                            were omitted."  */
                        if (arg >= 0)
                          {
                            precision = arg;
                            has_precision = 1;
                          }
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        const FCHAR_T *digitp = dp->precision_start + 1;

                        precision = 0;
                        while (digitp != dp->precision_end)
                          precision = xsum (xtimes (precision, 10), *digitp++ - '0');
                        has_precision = 1;
                      }
                  }

                switch (type)
                  {
                  case TYPE_U8_STRING:
                    {
                      const uint8_t *arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_u8_string;
                      const uint8_t *arg_end;
                      size_t characters;

                      if (has_precision)
                        {
                          /* Use only PRECISION characters, from the left.  */
                          arg_end = arg;
                          characters = 0;
                          for (; precision > 0; precision--)
                            {
                              int count = u8_strmblen (arg_end);
                              if (count == 0)
                                break;
                              if (count < 0)
                                {
                                  if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                                    free (result);
                                  if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                                    free (buf_malloced);
                                  CLEANUP ();
                                  errno = EILSEQ;
                                  return NULL;
                                }
                              arg_end += count;
                              characters++;
                            }
                        }
                      else if (has_width)
                        {
                          /* Use the entire string, and count the number of
                             characters.  */
                          arg_end = arg;
                          characters = 0;
                          for (;;)
                            {
                              int count = u8_strmblen (arg_end);
                              if (count == 0)
                                break;
                              if (count < 0)
                                {
                                  if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                                    free (result);
                                  if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                                    free (buf_malloced);
                                  CLEANUP ();
                                  errno = EILSEQ;
                                  return NULL;
                                }
                              arg_end += count;
                              characters++;
                            }
                        }
                      else
                        {
                          /* Use the entire string.  */
                          arg_end = arg + u8_strlen (arg);
                          /* The number of characters doesn't matter.  */
                          characters = 0;
                        }

                      if (has_width && width > characters
                          && !(dp->flags & FLAG_LEFT))
                        {
                          size_t n = width - characters;
                          ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, n));
                          DCHAR_SET (result + length, ' ', n);
                          length += n;
                        }

# if DCHAR_IS_UINT8_T
                      {
                        size_t n = arg_end - arg;
                        ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, n));
                        DCHAR_CPY (result + length, arg, n);
                        length += n;
                      }
# else
                      { /* Convert.  */
                        DCHAR_T *converted = result + length;
                        size_t converted_len = allocated - length;
#  if DCHAR_IS_TCHAR
                        /* Convert from UTF-8 to locale encoding.  */
                        if (u8_conv_to_encoding (locale_charset (),
                                                 iconveh_question_mark,
                                                 arg, arg_end - arg, NULL,
                                                 &converted, &converted_len)
                            < 0)
#  else
                        /* Convert from UTF-8 to UTF-16/UTF-32.  */
                        converted =
                          U8_TO_DCHAR (arg, arg_end - arg,
                                       converted, &converted_len);
                        if (converted == NULL)
#  endif
                          {
                            int saved_errno = errno;
                            if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                              free (result);
                            if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                              free (buf_malloced);
                            CLEANUP ();
                            errno = saved_errno;
                            return NULL;
                          }
                        if (converted != result + length)
                          {
                            ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, converted_len));
                            DCHAR_CPY (result + length, converted, converted_len);
                            free (converted);
                          }
                        length += converted_len;
                      }
# endif

                      if (has_width && width > characters
                          && (dp->flags & FLAG_LEFT))
                        {
                          size_t n = width - characters;
                          ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, n));
                          DCHAR_SET (result + length, ' ', n);
                          length += n;
                        }
                    }
                    break;

                  case TYPE_U16_STRING:
                    {
                      const uint16_t *arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_u16_string;
                      const uint16_t *arg_end;
                      size_t characters;

                      if (has_precision)
                        {
                          /* Use only PRECISION characters, from the left.  */
                          arg_end = arg;
                          characters = 0;
                          for (; precision > 0; precision--)
                            {
                              int count = u16_strmblen (arg_end);
                              if (count == 0)
                                break;
                              if (count < 0)
                                {
                                  if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                                    free (result);
                                  if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                                    free (buf_malloced);
                                  CLEANUP ();
                                  errno = EILSEQ;
                                  return NULL;
                                }
                              arg_end += count;
                              characters++;
                            }
                        }
                      else if (has_width)
                        {
                          /* Use the entire string, and count the number of
                             characters.  */
                          arg_end = arg;
                          characters = 0;
                          for (;;)
                            {
                              int count = u16_strmblen (arg_end);
                              if (count == 0)
                                break;
                              if (count < 0)
                                {
                                  if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                                    free (result);
                                  if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                                    free (buf_malloced);
                                  CLEANUP ();
                                  errno = EILSEQ;
                                  return NULL;
                                }
                              arg_end += count;
                              characters++;
                            }
                        }
                      else
                        {
                          /* Use the entire string.  */
                          arg_end = arg + u16_strlen (arg);
                          /* The number of characters doesn't matter.  */
                          characters = 0;
                        }

                      if (has_width && width > characters
                          && !(dp->flags & FLAG_LEFT))
                        {
                          size_t n = width - characters;
                          ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, n));
                          DCHAR_SET (result + length, ' ', n);
                          length += n;
                        }

# if DCHAR_IS_UINT16_T
                      {
                        size_t n = arg_end - arg;
                        ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, n));
                        DCHAR_CPY (result + length, arg, n);
                        length += n;
                      }
# else
                      { /* Convert.  */
                        DCHAR_T *converted = result + length;
                        size_t converted_len = allocated - length;
#  if DCHAR_IS_TCHAR
                        /* Convert from UTF-16 to locale encoding.  */
                        if (u16_conv_to_encoding (locale_charset (),
                                                  iconveh_question_mark,
                                                  arg, arg_end - arg, NULL,
                                                  &converted, &converted_len)
                            < 0)
#  else
                        /* Convert from UTF-16 to UTF-8/UTF-32.  */
                        converted =
                          U16_TO_DCHAR (arg, arg_end - arg,
                                        converted, &converted_len);
                        if (converted == NULL)
#  endif
                          {
                            int saved_errno = errno;
                            if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                              free (result);
                            if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                              free (buf_malloced);
                            CLEANUP ();
                            errno = saved_errno;
                            return NULL;
                          }
                        if (converted != result + length)
                          {
                            ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, converted_len));
                            DCHAR_CPY (result + length, converted, converted_len);
                            free (converted);
                          }
                        length += converted_len;
                      }
# endif

                      if (has_width && width > characters
                          && (dp->flags & FLAG_LEFT))
                        {
                          size_t n = width - characters;
                          ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, n));
                          DCHAR_SET (result + length, ' ', n);
                          length += n;
                        }
                    }
                    break;

                  case TYPE_U32_STRING:
                    {
                      const uint32_t *arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_u32_string;
                      const uint32_t *arg_end;
                      size_t characters;

                      if (has_precision)
                        {
                          /* Use only PRECISION characters, from the left.  */
                          arg_end = arg;
                          characters = 0;
                          for (; precision > 0; precision--)
                            {
                              int count = u32_strmblen (arg_end);
                              if (count == 0)
                                break;
                              if (count < 0)
                                {
                                  if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                                    free (result);
                                  if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                                    free (buf_malloced);
                                  CLEANUP ();
                                  errno = EILSEQ;
                                  return NULL;
                                }
                              arg_end += count;
                              characters++;
                            }
                        }
                      else if (has_width)
                        {
                          /* Use the entire string, and count the number of
                             characters.  */
                          arg_end = arg;
                          characters = 0;
                          for (;;)
                            {
                              int count = u32_strmblen (arg_end);
                              if (count == 0)
                                break;
                              if (count < 0)
                                {
                                  if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                                    free (result);
                                  if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                                    free (buf_malloced);
                                  CLEANUP ();
                                  errno = EILSEQ;
                                  return NULL;
                                }
                              arg_end += count;
                              characters++;
                            }
                        }
                      else
                        {
                          /* Use the entire string.  */
                          arg_end = arg + u32_strlen (arg);
                          /* The number of characters doesn't matter.  */
                          characters = 0;
                        }

                      if (has_width && width > characters
                          && !(dp->flags & FLAG_LEFT))
                        {
                          size_t n = width - characters;
                          ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, n));
                          DCHAR_SET (result + length, ' ', n);
                          length += n;
                        }

# if DCHAR_IS_UINT32_T
                      {
                        size_t n = arg_end - arg;
                        ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, n));
                        DCHAR_CPY (result + length, arg, n);
                        length += n;
                      }
# else
                      { /* Convert.  */
                        DCHAR_T *converted = result + length;
                        size_t converted_len = allocated - length;
#  if DCHAR_IS_TCHAR
                        /* Convert from UTF-32 to locale encoding.  */
                        if (u32_conv_to_encoding (locale_charset (),
                                                  iconveh_question_mark,
                                                  arg, arg_end - arg, NULL,
                                                  &converted, &converted_len)
                            < 0)
#  else
                        /* Convert from UTF-32 to UTF-8/UTF-16.  */
                        converted =
                          U32_TO_DCHAR (arg, arg_end - arg,
                                        converted, &converted_len);
                        if (converted == NULL)
#  endif
                          {
                            int saved_errno = errno;
                            if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                              free (result);
                            if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                              free (buf_malloced);
                            CLEANUP ();
                            errno = saved_errno;
                            return NULL;
                          }
                        if (converted != result + length)
                          {
                            ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, converted_len));
                            DCHAR_CPY (result + length, converted, converted_len);
                            free (converted);
                          }
                        length += converted_len;
                      }
# endif

                      if (has_width && width > characters
                          && (dp->flags & FLAG_LEFT))
                        {
                          size_t n = width - characters;
                          ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, n));
                          DCHAR_SET (result + length, ' ', n);
                          length += n;
                        }
                    }
                    break;

                  default:
                    abort ();
                  }
              }
#endif
#if (NEED_PRINTF_DIRECTIVE_A || NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE) && !defined IN_LIBINTL
            else if ((dp->conversion == 'a' || dp->conversion == 'A')
# if !(NEED_PRINTF_DIRECTIVE_A || (NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE && NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE))
                     && (0
#  if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE
                         || a.arg[dp->arg_index].type == TYPE_DOUBLE
#  endif
#  if NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE
                         || a.arg[dp->arg_index].type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE
#  endif
                        )
# endif
                    )
              {
                arg_type type = a.arg[dp->arg_index].type;
                int flags = dp->flags;
                int has_width;
                size_t width;
                int has_precision;
                size_t precision;
                size_t tmp_length;
                DCHAR_T tmpbuf[700];
                DCHAR_T *tmp;
                DCHAR_T *pad_ptr;
                DCHAR_T *p;

                has_width = 0;
                width = 0;
                if (dp->width_start != dp->width_end)
                  {
                    if (dp->width_arg_index != ARG_NONE)
                      {
                        int arg;

                        if (!(a.arg[dp->width_arg_index].type == TYPE_INT))
                          abort ();
                        arg = a.arg[dp->width_arg_index].a.a_int;
                        if (arg < 0)
                          {
                            /* "A negative field width is taken as a '-' flag
                                followed by a positive field width."  */
                            flags |= FLAG_LEFT;
                            width = (unsigned int) (-arg);
                          }
                        else
                          width = arg;
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        const FCHAR_T *digitp = dp->width_start;

                        do
                          width = xsum (xtimes (width, 10), *digitp++ - '0');
                        while (digitp != dp->width_end);
                      }
                    has_width = 1;
                  }

                has_precision = 0;
                precision = 0;
                if (dp->precision_start != dp->precision_end)
                  {
                    if (dp->precision_arg_index != ARG_NONE)
                      {
                        int arg;

                        if (!(a.arg[dp->precision_arg_index].type == TYPE_INT))
                          abort ();
                        arg = a.arg[dp->precision_arg_index].a.a_int;
                        /* "A negative precision is taken as if the precision
                            were omitted."  */
                        if (arg >= 0)
                          {
                            precision = arg;
                            has_precision = 1;
                          }
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        const FCHAR_T *digitp = dp->precision_start + 1;

                        precision = 0;
                        while (digitp != dp->precision_end)
                          precision = xsum (xtimes (precision, 10), *digitp++ - '0');
                        has_precision = 1;
                      }
                  }

                /* Allocate a temporary buffer of sufficient size.  */
                if (type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE)
                  tmp_length =
                    (unsigned int) ((LDBL_DIG + 1)
                                    * 0.831 /* decimal -> hexadecimal */
                                   )
                    + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                else
                  tmp_length =
                    (unsigned int) ((DBL_DIG + 1)
                                    * 0.831 /* decimal -> hexadecimal */
                                   )
                    + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                if (tmp_length < precision)
                  tmp_length = precision;
                /* Account for sign, decimal point etc. */
                tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, 12);

                if (tmp_length < width)
                  tmp_length = width;

                tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, 1); /* account for trailing NUL */

                if (tmp_length <= sizeof (tmpbuf) / sizeof (DCHAR_T))
                  tmp = tmpbuf;
                else
                  {
                    size_t tmp_memsize = xtimes (tmp_length, sizeof (DCHAR_T));

                    if (size_overflow_p (tmp_memsize))
                      /* Overflow, would lead to out of memory.  */
                      goto out_of_memory;
                    tmp = (DCHAR_T *) malloc (tmp_memsize);
                    if (tmp == NULL)
                      /* Out of memory.  */
                      goto out_of_memory;
                  }

                pad_ptr = NULL;
                p = tmp;
                if (type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE)
                  {
# if NEED_PRINTF_DIRECTIVE_A || NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE
                    long double arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_longdouble;

                    if (isnanl (arg))
                      {
                        if (dp->conversion == 'A')
                          {
                            *p++ = 'N'; *p++ = 'A'; *p++ = 'N';
                          }
                        else
                          {
                            *p++ = 'n'; *p++ = 'a'; *p++ = 'n';
                          }
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        int sign = 0;
                        DECL_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING

                        BEGIN_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING ();

                        if (signbit (arg)) /* arg < 0.0L or negative zero */
                          {
                            sign = -1;
                            arg = -arg;
                          }

                        if (sign < 0)
                          *p++ = '-';
                        else if (flags & FLAG_SHOWSIGN)
                          *p++ = '+';
                        else if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
                          *p++ = ' ';

                        if (arg > 0.0L && arg + arg == arg)
                          {
                            if (dp->conversion == 'A')
                              {
                                *p++ = 'I'; *p++ = 'N'; *p++ = 'F';
                              }
                            else
                              {
                                *p++ = 'i'; *p++ = 'n'; *p++ = 'f';
                              }
                          }
                        else
                          {
                            int exponent;
                            long double mantissa;

                            if (arg > 0.0L)
                              mantissa = printf_frexpl (arg, &exponent);
                            else
                              {
                                exponent = 0;
                                mantissa = 0.0L;
                              }

                            if (has_precision
                                && precision < (unsigned int) ((LDBL_DIG + 1) * 0.831) + 1)
                              {
                                /* Round the mantissa.  */
                                long double tail = mantissa;
                                size_t q;

                                for (q = precision; ; q--)
                                  {
                                    int digit = (int) tail;
                                    tail -= digit;
                                    if (q == 0)
                                      {
                                        if (digit & 1 ? tail >= 0.5L : tail > 0.5L)
                                          tail = 1 - tail;
                                        else
                                          tail = - tail;
                                        break;
                                      }
                                    tail *= 16.0L;
                                  }
                                if (tail != 0.0L)
                                  for (q = precision; q > 0; q--)
                                    tail *= 0.0625L;
                                mantissa += tail;
                              }

                            *p++ = '0';
                            *p++ = dp->conversion - 'A' + 'X';
                            pad_ptr = p;
                            {
                              int digit;

                              digit = (int) mantissa;
                              mantissa -= digit;
                              *p++ = '0' + digit;
                              if ((flags & FLAG_ALT)
                                  || mantissa > 0.0L || precision > 0)
                                {
                                  *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                  /* This loop terminates because we assume
                                     that FLT_RADIX is a power of 2.  */
                                  while (mantissa > 0.0L)
                                    {
                                      mantissa *= 16.0L;
                                      digit = (int) mantissa;
                                      mantissa -= digit;
                                      *p++ = digit
                                             + (digit < 10
                                                ? '0'
                                                : dp->conversion - 10);
                                      if (precision > 0)
                                        precision--;
                                    }
                                  while (precision > 0)
                                    {
                                      *p++ = '0';
                                      precision--;
                                    }
                                }
                              }
                              *p++ = dp->conversion - 'A' + 'P';
#  if WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
                              {
                                static const wchar_t decimal_format[] =
                                  { '%', '+', 'd', '\0' };
                                SNPRINTF (p, 6 + 1, decimal_format, exponent);
                              }
                              while (*p != '\0')
                                p++;
#  else
                              if (sizeof (DCHAR_T) == 1)
                                {
                                  sprintf ((char *) p, "%+d", exponent);
                                  while (*p != '\0')
                                    p++;
                                }
                              else
                                {
                                  char expbuf[6 + 1];
                                  const char *ep;
                                  sprintf (expbuf, "%+d", exponent);
                                  for (ep = expbuf; (*p = *ep) != '\0'; ep++)
                                    p++;
                                }
#  endif
                          }

                        END_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING ();
                      }
# else
                    abort ();
# endif
                  }
                else
                  {
# if NEED_PRINTF_DIRECTIVE_A || NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE
                    double arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_double;

                    if (isnand (arg))
                      {
                        if (dp->conversion == 'A')
                          {
                            *p++ = 'N'; *p++ = 'A'; *p++ = 'N';
                          }
                        else
                          {
                            *p++ = 'n'; *p++ = 'a'; *p++ = 'n';
                          }
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        int sign = 0;

                        if (signbit (arg)) /* arg < 0.0 or negative zero */
                          {
                            sign = -1;
                            arg = -arg;
                          }

                        if (sign < 0)
                          *p++ = '-';
                        else if (flags & FLAG_SHOWSIGN)
                          *p++ = '+';
                        else if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
                          *p++ = ' ';

                        if (arg > 0.0 && arg + arg == arg)
                          {
                            if (dp->conversion == 'A')
                              {
                                *p++ = 'I'; *p++ = 'N'; *p++ = 'F';
                              }
                            else
                              {
                                *p++ = 'i'; *p++ = 'n'; *p++ = 'f';
                              }
                          }
                        else
                          {
                            int exponent;
                            double mantissa;

                            if (arg > 0.0)
                              mantissa = printf_frexp (arg, &exponent);
                            else
                              {
                                exponent = 0;
                                mantissa = 0.0;
                              }

                            if (has_precision
                                && precision < (unsigned int) ((DBL_DIG + 1) * 0.831) + 1)
                              {
                                /* Round the mantissa.  */
                                double tail = mantissa;
                                size_t q;

                                for (q = precision; ; q--)
                                  {
                                    int digit = (int) tail;
                                    tail -= digit;
                                    if (q == 0)
                                      {
                                        if (digit & 1 ? tail >= 0.5 : tail > 0.5)
                                          tail = 1 - tail;
                                        else
                                          tail = - tail;
                                        break;
                                      }
                                    tail *= 16.0;
                                  }
                                if (tail != 0.0)
                                  for (q = precision; q > 0; q--)
                                    tail *= 0.0625;
                                mantissa += tail;
                              }

                            *p++ = '0';
                            *p++ = dp->conversion - 'A' + 'X';
                            pad_ptr = p;
                            {
                              int digit;

                              digit = (int) mantissa;
                              mantissa -= digit;
                              *p++ = '0' + digit;
                              if ((flags & FLAG_ALT)
                                  || mantissa > 0.0 || precision > 0)
                                {
                                  *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                  /* This loop terminates because we assume
                                     that FLT_RADIX is a power of 2.  */
                                  while (mantissa > 0.0)
                                    {
                                      mantissa *= 16.0;
                                      digit = (int) mantissa;
                                      mantissa -= digit;
                                      *p++ = digit
                                             + (digit < 10
                                                ? '0'
                                                : dp->conversion - 10);
                                      if (precision > 0)
                                        precision--;
                                    }
                                  while (precision > 0)
                                    {
                                      *p++ = '0';
                                      precision--;
                                    }
                                }
                              }
                              *p++ = dp->conversion - 'A' + 'P';
#  if WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
                              {
                                static const wchar_t decimal_format[] =
                                  { '%', '+', 'd', '\0' };
                                SNPRINTF (p, 6 + 1, decimal_format, exponent);
                              }
                              while (*p != '\0')
                                p++;
#  else
                              if (sizeof (DCHAR_T) == 1)
                                {
                                  sprintf ((char *) p, "%+d", exponent);
                                  while (*p != '\0')
                                    p++;
                                }
                              else
                                {
                                  char expbuf[6 + 1];
                                  const char *ep;
                                  sprintf (expbuf, "%+d", exponent);
                                  for (ep = expbuf; (*p = *ep) != '\0'; ep++)
                                    p++;
                                }
#  endif
                          }
                      }
# else
                    abort ();
# endif
                  }
                /* The generated string now extends from tmp to p, with the
                   zero padding insertion point being at pad_ptr.  */
                if (has_width && p - tmp < width)
                  {
                    size_t pad = width - (p - tmp);
                    DCHAR_T *end = p + pad;

                    if (flags & FLAG_LEFT)
                      {
                        /* Pad with spaces on the right.  */
                        for (; pad > 0; pad--)
                          *p++ = ' ';
                      }
                    else if ((flags & FLAG_ZERO) && pad_ptr != NULL)
                      {
                        /* Pad with zeroes.  */
                        DCHAR_T *q = end;

                        while (p > pad_ptr)
                          *--q = *--p;
                        for (; pad > 0; pad--)
                          *p++ = '0';
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        /* Pad with spaces on the left.  */
                        DCHAR_T *q = end;

                        while (p > tmp)
                          *--q = *--p;
                        for (; pad > 0; pad--)
                          *p++ = ' ';
                      }

                    p = end;
                  }

                {
                  size_t count = p - tmp;

                  if (count >= tmp_length)
                    /* tmp_length was incorrectly calculated - fix the
                       code above!  */
                    abort ();

                  /* Make room for the result.  */
                  if (count >= allocated - length)
                    {
                      size_t n = xsum (length, count);

                      ENSURE_ALLOCATION (n);
                    }

                  /* Append the result.  */
                  memcpy (result + length, tmp, count * sizeof (DCHAR_T));
                  if (tmp != tmpbuf)
                    free (tmp);
                  length += count;
                }
              }
#endif
#if (NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_LONG_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE) && !defined IN_LIBINTL
            else if ((dp->conversion == 'f' || dp->conversion == 'F'
                      || dp->conversion == 'e' || dp->conversion == 'E'
                      || dp->conversion == 'g' || dp->conversion == 'G'
                      || dp->conversion == 'a' || dp->conversion == 'A')
                     && (0
# if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE
                         || a.arg[dp->arg_index].type == TYPE_DOUBLE
# elif NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE
                         || (a.arg[dp->arg_index].type == TYPE_DOUBLE
                             /* The systems (mingw) which produce wrong output
                                for Inf, -Inf, and NaN also do so for -0.0.
                                Therefore we treat this case here as well.  */
                             && is_infinite_or_zero (a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_double))
# endif
# if NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE
                         || a.arg[dp->arg_index].type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE
# elif NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_LONG_DOUBLE
                         || (a.arg[dp->arg_index].type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE
                             /* Some systems produce wrong output for Inf,
                                -Inf, and NaN.  */
                             && is_infinitel (a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_longdouble))
# endif
                        ))
              {
# if (NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE) && (NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_LONG_DOUBLE)
                arg_type type = a.arg[dp->arg_index].type;
# endif
                int flags = dp->flags;
                int has_width;
                size_t width;
                int has_precision;
                size_t precision;
                size_t tmp_length;
                DCHAR_T tmpbuf[700];
                DCHAR_T *tmp;
                DCHAR_T *pad_ptr;
                DCHAR_T *p;

                has_width = 0;
                width = 0;
                if (dp->width_start != dp->width_end)
                  {
                    if (dp->width_arg_index != ARG_NONE)
                      {
                        int arg;

                        if (!(a.arg[dp->width_arg_index].type == TYPE_INT))
                          abort ();
                        arg = a.arg[dp->width_arg_index].a.a_int;
                        if (arg < 0)
                          {
                            /* "A negative field width is taken as a '-' flag
                                followed by a positive field width."  */
                            flags |= FLAG_LEFT;
                            width = (unsigned int) (-arg);
                          }
                        else
                          width = arg;
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        const FCHAR_T *digitp = dp->width_start;

                        do
                          width = xsum (xtimes (width, 10), *digitp++ - '0');
                        while (digitp != dp->width_end);
                      }
                    has_width = 1;
                  }

                has_precision = 0;
                precision = 0;
                if (dp->precision_start != dp->precision_end)
                  {
                    if (dp->precision_arg_index != ARG_NONE)
                      {
                        int arg;

                        if (!(a.arg[dp->precision_arg_index].type == TYPE_INT))
                          abort ();
                        arg = a.arg[dp->precision_arg_index].a.a_int;
                        /* "A negative precision is taken as if the precision
                            were omitted."  */
                        if (arg >= 0)
                          {
                            precision = arg;
                            has_precision = 1;
                          }
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        const FCHAR_T *digitp = dp->precision_start + 1;

                        precision = 0;
                        while (digitp != dp->precision_end)
                          precision = xsum (xtimes (precision, 10), *digitp++ - '0');
                        has_precision = 1;
                      }
                  }

                /* POSIX specifies the default precision to be 6 for %f, %F,
                   %e, %E, but not for %g, %G.  Implementations appear to use
                   the same default precision also for %g, %G.  */
                if (!has_precision)
                  precision = 6;

                /* Allocate a temporary buffer of sufficient size.  */
# if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE && NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE
                tmp_length = (type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE ? LDBL_DIG + 1 : DBL_DIG + 1);
# elif NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE && NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE
                tmp_length = (type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE ? LDBL_DIG + 1 : 0);
# elif NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE
                tmp_length = LDBL_DIG + 1;
# elif NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE
                tmp_length = DBL_DIG + 1;
# else
                tmp_length = 0;
# endif
                if (tmp_length < precision)
                  tmp_length = precision;
# if NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE
#  if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE
                if (type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE)
#  endif
                  if (dp->conversion == 'f' || dp->conversion == 'F')
                    {
                      long double arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_longdouble;
                      if (!(isnanl (arg) || arg + arg == arg))
                        {
                          /* arg is finite and nonzero.  */
                          int exponent = floorlog10l (arg < 0 ? -arg : arg);
                          if (exponent >= 0 && tmp_length < exponent + precision)
                            tmp_length = exponent + precision;
                        }
                    }
# endif
# if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE
#  if NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_LONG_DOUBLE
                if (type == TYPE_DOUBLE)
#  endif
                  if (dp->conversion == 'f' || dp->conversion == 'F')
                    {
                      double arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_double;
                      if (!(isnand (arg) || arg + arg == arg))
                        {
                          /* arg is finite and nonzero.  */
                          int exponent = floorlog10 (arg < 0 ? -arg : arg);
                          if (exponent >= 0 && tmp_length < exponent + precision)
                            tmp_length = exponent + precision;
                        }
                    }
# endif
                /* Account for sign, decimal point etc. */
                tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, 12);

                if (tmp_length < width)
                  tmp_length = width;

                tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, 1); /* account for trailing NUL */

                if (tmp_length <= sizeof (tmpbuf) / sizeof (DCHAR_T))
                  tmp = tmpbuf;
                else
                  {
                    size_t tmp_memsize = xtimes (tmp_length, sizeof (DCHAR_T));

                    if (size_overflow_p (tmp_memsize))
                      /* Overflow, would lead to out of memory.  */
                      goto out_of_memory;
                    tmp = (DCHAR_T *) malloc (tmp_memsize);
                    if (tmp == NULL)
                      /* Out of memory.  */
                      goto out_of_memory;
                  }

                pad_ptr = NULL;
                p = tmp;

# if NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_LONG_DOUBLE
#  if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE
                if (type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE)
#  endif
                  {
                    long double arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_longdouble;

                    if (isnanl (arg))
                      {
                        if (dp->conversion >= 'A' && dp->conversion <= 'Z')
                          {
                            *p++ = 'N'; *p++ = 'A'; *p++ = 'N';
                          }
                        else
                          {
                            *p++ = 'n'; *p++ = 'a'; *p++ = 'n';
                          }
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        int sign = 0;
                        DECL_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING

                        BEGIN_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING ();

                        if (signbit (arg)) /* arg < 0.0L or negative zero */
                          {
                            sign = -1;
                            arg = -arg;
                          }

                        if (sign < 0)
                          *p++ = '-';
                        else if (flags & FLAG_SHOWSIGN)
                          *p++ = '+';
                        else if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
                          *p++ = ' ';

                        if (arg > 0.0L && arg + arg == arg)
                          {
                            if (dp->conversion >= 'A' && dp->conversion <= 'Z')
                              {
                                *p++ = 'I'; *p++ = 'N'; *p++ = 'F';
                              }
                            else
                              {
                                *p++ = 'i'; *p++ = 'n'; *p++ = 'f';
                              }
                          }
                        else
                          {
#  if NEED_PRINTF_LONG_DOUBLE
                            pad_ptr = p;

                            if (dp->conversion == 'f' || dp->conversion == 'F')
                              {
                                char *digits;
                                size_t ndigits;

                                digits =
                                  scale10_round_decimal_long_double (arg, precision);
                                if (digits == NULL)
                                  {
                                    END_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING ();
                                    goto out_of_memory;
                                  }
                                ndigits = strlen (digits);

                                if (ndigits > precision)
                                  do
                                    {
                                      --ndigits;
                                      *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                    }
                                  while (ndigits > precision);
                                else
                                  *p++ = '0';
                                /* Here ndigits <= precision.  */
                                if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || precision > 0)
                                  {
                                    *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                    for (; precision > ndigits; precision--)
                                      *p++ = '0';
                                    while (ndigits > 0)
                                      {
                                        --ndigits;
                                        *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                      }
                                  }

                                free (digits);
                              }
                            else if (dp->conversion == 'e' || dp->conversion == 'E')
                              {
                                int exponent;

                                if (arg == 0.0L)
                                  {
                                    exponent = 0;
                                    *p++ = '0';
                                    if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || precision > 0)
                                      {
                                        *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                        for (; precision > 0; precision--)
                                          *p++ = '0';
                                      }
                                  }
                                else
                                  {
                                    /* arg > 0.0L.  */
                                    int adjusted;
                                    char *digits;
                                    size_t ndigits;

                                    exponent = floorlog10l (arg);
                                    adjusted = 0;
                                    for (;;)
                                      {
                                        digits =
                                          scale10_round_decimal_long_double (arg,
                                                                             (int)precision - exponent);
                                        if (digits == NULL)
                                          {
                                            END_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING ();
                                            goto out_of_memory;
                                          }
                                        ndigits = strlen (digits);

                                        if (ndigits == precision + 1)
                                          break;
                                        if (ndigits < precision
                                            || ndigits > precision + 2)
                                          /* The exponent was not guessed
                                             precisely enough.  */
                                          abort ();
                                        if (adjusted)
                                          /* None of two values of exponent is
                                             the right one.  Prevent an endless
                                             loop.  */
                                          abort ();
                                        free (digits);
                                        if (ndigits == precision)
                                          exponent -= 1;
                                        else
                                          exponent += 1;
                                        adjusted = 1;
                                      }
                                    /* Here ndigits = precision+1.  */
                                    if (is_borderline (digits, precision))
                                      {
                                        /* Maybe the exponent guess was too high
                                           and a smaller exponent can be reached
                                           by turning a 10...0 into 9...9x.  */
                                        char *digits2 =
                                          scale10_round_decimal_long_double (arg,
                                                                             (int)precision - exponent + 1);
                                        if (digits2 == NULL)
                                          {
                                            free (digits);
                                            END_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING ();
                                            goto out_of_memory;
                                          }
                                        if (strlen (digits2) == precision + 1)
                                          {
                                            free (digits);
                                            digits = digits2;
                                            exponent -= 1;
                                          }
                                        else
                                          free (digits2);
                                      }
                                    /* Here ndigits = precision+1.  */

                                    *p++ = digits[--ndigits];
                                    if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || precision > 0)
                                      {
                                        *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                        while (ndigits > 0)
                                          {
                                            --ndigits;
                                            *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                          }
                                      }

                                    free (digits);
                                  }

                                *p++ = dp->conversion; /* 'e' or 'E' */
#   if WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
                                {
                                  static const wchar_t decimal_format[] =
                                    { '%', '+', '.', '2', 'd', '\0' };
                                  SNPRINTF (p, 6 + 1, decimal_format, exponent);
                                }
                                while (*p != '\0')
                                  p++;
#   else
                                if (sizeof (DCHAR_T) == 1)
                                  {
                                    sprintf ((char *) p, "%+.2d", exponent);
                                    while (*p != '\0')
                                      p++;
                                  }
                                else
                                  {
                                    char expbuf[6 + 1];
                                    const char *ep;
                                    sprintf (expbuf, "%+.2d", exponent);
                                    for (ep = expbuf; (*p = *ep) != '\0'; ep++)
                                      p++;
                                  }
#   endif
                              }
                            else if (dp->conversion == 'g' || dp->conversion == 'G')
                              {
                                if (precision == 0)
                                  precision = 1;
                                /* precision >= 1.  */

                                if (arg == 0.0L)
                                  /* The exponent is 0, >= -4, < precision.
                                     Use fixed-point notation.  */
                                  {
                                    size_t ndigits = precision;
                                    /* Number of trailing zeroes that have to be
                                       dropped.  */
                                    size_t nzeroes =
                                      (flags & FLAG_ALT ? 0 : precision - 1);

                                    --ndigits;
                                    *p++ = '0';
                                    if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || ndigits > nzeroes)
                                      {
                                        *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                        while (ndigits > nzeroes)
                                          {
                                            --ndigits;
                                            *p++ = '0';
                                          }
                                      }
                                  }
                                else
                                  {
                                    /* arg > 0.0L.  */
                                    int exponent;
                                    int adjusted;
                                    char *digits;
                                    size_t ndigits;
                                    size_t nzeroes;

                                    exponent = floorlog10l (arg);
                                    adjusted = 0;
                                    for (;;)
                                      {
                                        digits =
                                          scale10_round_decimal_long_double (arg,
                                                                             (int)(precision - 1) - exponent);
                                        if (digits == NULL)
                                          {
                                            END_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING ();
                                            goto out_of_memory;
                                          }
                                        ndigits = strlen (digits);

                                        if (ndigits == precision)
                                          break;
                                        if (ndigits < precision - 1
                                            || ndigits > precision + 1)
                                          /* The exponent was not guessed
                                             precisely enough.  */
                                          abort ();
                                        if (adjusted)
                                          /* None of two values of exponent is
                                             the right one.  Prevent an endless
                                             loop.  */
                                          abort ();
                                        free (digits);
                                        if (ndigits < precision)
                                          exponent -= 1;
                                        else
                                          exponent += 1;
                                        adjusted = 1;
                                      }
                                    /* Here ndigits = precision.  */
                                    if (is_borderline (digits, precision - 1))
                                      {
                                        /* Maybe the exponent guess was too high
                                           and a smaller exponent can be reached
                                           by turning a 10...0 into 9...9x.  */
                                        char *digits2 =
                                          scale10_round_decimal_long_double (arg,
                                                                             (int)(precision - 1) - exponent + 1);
                                        if (digits2 == NULL)
                                          {
                                            free (digits);
                                            END_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING ();
                                            goto out_of_memory;
                                          }
                                        if (strlen (digits2) == precision)
                                          {
                                            free (digits);
                                            digits = digits2;
                                            exponent -= 1;
                                          }
                                        else
                                          free (digits2);
                                      }
                                    /* Here ndigits = precision.  */

                                    /* Determine the number of trailing zeroes
                                       that have to be dropped.  */
                                    nzeroes = 0;
                                    if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) == 0)
                                      while (nzeroes < ndigits
                                             && digits[nzeroes] == '0')
                                        nzeroes++;

                                    /* The exponent is now determined.  */
                                    if (exponent >= -4
                                        && exponent < (long)precision)
                                      {
                                        /* Fixed-point notation:
                                           max(exponent,0)+1 digits, then the
                                           decimal point, then the remaining
                                           digits without trailing zeroes.  */
                                        if (exponent >= 0)
                                          {
                                            size_t count = exponent + 1;
                                            /* Note: count <= precision = ndigits.  */
                                            for (; count > 0; count--)
                                              *p++ = digits[--ndigits];
                                            if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || ndigits > nzeroes)
                                              {
                                                *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                                while (ndigits > nzeroes)
                                                  {
                                                    --ndigits;
                                                    *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                                  }
                                              }
                                          }
                                        else
                                          {
                                            size_t count = -exponent - 1;
                                            *p++ = '0';
                                            *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                            for (; count > 0; count--)
                                              *p++ = '0';
                                            while (ndigits > nzeroes)
                                              {
                                                --ndigits;
                                                *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                              }
                                          }
                                      }
                                    else
                                      {
                                        /* Exponential notation.  */
                                        *p++ = digits[--ndigits];
                                        if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || ndigits > nzeroes)
                                          {
                                            *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                            while (ndigits > nzeroes)
                                              {
                                                --ndigits;
                                                *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                              }
                                          }
                                        *p++ = dp->conversion - 'G' + 'E'; /* 'e' or 'E' */
#   if WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
                                        {
                                          static const wchar_t decimal_format[] =
                                            { '%', '+', '.', '2', 'd', '\0' };
                                          SNPRINTF (p, 6 + 1, decimal_format, exponent);
                                        }
                                        while (*p != '\0')
                                          p++;
#   else
                                        if (sizeof (DCHAR_T) == 1)
                                          {
                                            sprintf ((char *) p, "%+.2d", exponent);
                                            while (*p != '\0')
                                              p++;
                                          }
                                        else
                                          {
                                            char expbuf[6 + 1];
                                            const char *ep;
                                            sprintf (expbuf, "%+.2d", exponent);
                                            for (ep = expbuf; (*p = *ep) != '\0'; ep++)
                                              p++;
                                          }
#   endif
                                      }

                                    free (digits);
                                  }
                              }
                            else
                              abort ();
#  else
                            /* arg is finite.  */
                            abort ();
#  endif
                          }

                        END_LONG_DOUBLE_ROUNDING ();
                      }
                  }
#  if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE
                else
#  endif
# endif
# if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE || NEED_PRINTF_INFINITE_DOUBLE
                  {
                    double arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_double;

                    if (isnand (arg))
                      {
                        if (dp->conversion >= 'A' && dp->conversion <= 'Z')
                          {
                            *p++ = 'N'; *p++ = 'A'; *p++ = 'N';
                          }
                        else
                          {
                            *p++ = 'n'; *p++ = 'a'; *p++ = 'n';
                          }
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        int sign = 0;

                        if (signbit (arg)) /* arg < 0.0 or negative zero */
                          {
                            sign = -1;
                            arg = -arg;
                          }

                        if (sign < 0)
                          *p++ = '-';
                        else if (flags & FLAG_SHOWSIGN)
                          *p++ = '+';
                        else if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
                          *p++ = ' ';

                        if (arg > 0.0 && arg + arg == arg)
                          {
                            if (dp->conversion >= 'A' && dp->conversion <= 'Z')
                              {
                                *p++ = 'I'; *p++ = 'N'; *p++ = 'F';
                              }
                            else
                              {
                                *p++ = 'i'; *p++ = 'n'; *p++ = 'f';
                              }
                          }
                        else
                          {
#  if NEED_PRINTF_DOUBLE
                            pad_ptr = p;

                            if (dp->conversion == 'f' || dp->conversion == 'F')
                              {
                                char *digits;
                                size_t ndigits;

                                digits =
                                  scale10_round_decimal_double (arg, precision);
                                if (digits == NULL)
                                  goto out_of_memory;
                                ndigits = strlen (digits);

                                if (ndigits > precision)
                                  do
                                    {
                                      --ndigits;
                                      *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                    }
                                  while (ndigits > precision);
                                else
                                  *p++ = '0';
                                /* Here ndigits <= precision.  */
                                if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || precision > 0)
                                  {
                                    *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                    for (; precision > ndigits; precision--)
                                      *p++ = '0';
                                    while (ndigits > 0)
                                      {
                                        --ndigits;
                                        *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                      }
                                  }

                                free (digits);
                              }
                            else if (dp->conversion == 'e' || dp->conversion == 'E')
                              {
                                int exponent;

                                if (arg == 0.0)
                                  {
                                    exponent = 0;
                                    *p++ = '0';
                                    if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || precision > 0)
                                      {
                                        *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                        for (; precision > 0; precision--)
                                          *p++ = '0';
                                      }
                                  }
                                else
                                  {
                                    /* arg > 0.0.  */
                                    int adjusted;
                                    char *digits;
                                    size_t ndigits;

                                    exponent = floorlog10 (arg);
                                    adjusted = 0;
                                    for (;;)
                                      {
                                        digits =
                                          scale10_round_decimal_double (arg,
                                                                        (int)precision - exponent);
                                        if (digits == NULL)
                                          goto out_of_memory;
                                        ndigits = strlen (digits);

                                        if (ndigits == precision + 1)
                                          break;
                                        if (ndigits < precision
                                            || ndigits > precision + 2)
                                          /* The exponent was not guessed
                                             precisely enough.  */
                                          abort ();
                                        if (adjusted)
                                          /* None of two values of exponent is
                                             the right one.  Prevent an endless
                                             loop.  */
                                          abort ();
                                        free (digits);
                                        if (ndigits == precision)
                                          exponent -= 1;
                                        else
                                          exponent += 1;
                                        adjusted = 1;
                                      }
                                    /* Here ndigits = precision+1.  */
                                    if (is_borderline (digits, precision))
                                      {
                                        /* Maybe the exponent guess was too high
                                           and a smaller exponent can be reached
                                           by turning a 10...0 into 9...9x.  */
                                        char *digits2 =
                                          scale10_round_decimal_double (arg,
                                                                        (int)precision - exponent + 1);
                                        if (digits2 == NULL)
                                          {
                                            free (digits);
                                            goto out_of_memory;
                                          }
                                        if (strlen (digits2) == precision + 1)
                                          {
                                            free (digits);
                                            digits = digits2;
                                            exponent -= 1;
                                          }
                                        else
                                          free (digits2);
                                      }
                                    /* Here ndigits = precision+1.  */

                                    *p++ = digits[--ndigits];
                                    if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || precision > 0)
                                      {
                                        *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                        while (ndigits > 0)
                                          {
                                            --ndigits;
                                            *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                          }
                                      }

                                    free (digits);
                                  }

                                *p++ = dp->conversion; /* 'e' or 'E' */
#   if WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
                                {
                                  static const wchar_t decimal_format[] =
                                    /* Produce the same number of exponent digits
                                       as the native printf implementation.  */
#    if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
                                    { '%', '+', '.', '3', 'd', '\0' };
#    else
                                    { '%', '+', '.', '2', 'd', '\0' };
#    endif
                                  SNPRINTF (p, 6 + 1, decimal_format, exponent);
                                }
                                while (*p != '\0')
                                  p++;
#   else
                                {
                                  static const char decimal_format[] =
                                    /* Produce the same number of exponent digits
                                       as the native printf implementation.  */
#    if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
                                    "%+.3d";
#    else
                                    "%+.2d";
#    endif
                                  if (sizeof (DCHAR_T) == 1)
                                    {
                                      sprintf ((char *) p, decimal_format, exponent);
                                      while (*p != '\0')
                                        p++;
                                    }
                                  else
                                    {
                                      char expbuf[6 + 1];
                                      const char *ep;
                                      sprintf (expbuf, decimal_format, exponent);
                                      for (ep = expbuf; (*p = *ep) != '\0'; ep++)
                                        p++;
                                    }
                                }
#   endif
                              }
                            else if (dp->conversion == 'g' || dp->conversion == 'G')
                              {
                                if (precision == 0)
                                  precision = 1;
                                /* precision >= 1.  */

                                if (arg == 0.0)
                                  /* The exponent is 0, >= -4, < precision.
                                     Use fixed-point notation.  */
                                  {
                                    size_t ndigits = precision;
                                    /* Number of trailing zeroes that have to be
                                       dropped.  */
                                    size_t nzeroes =
                                      (flags & FLAG_ALT ? 0 : precision - 1);

                                    --ndigits;
                                    *p++ = '0';
                                    if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || ndigits > nzeroes)
                                      {
                                        *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                        while (ndigits > nzeroes)
                                          {
                                            --ndigits;
                                            *p++ = '0';
                                          }
                                      }
                                  }
                                else
                                  {
                                    /* arg > 0.0.  */
                                    int exponent;
                                    int adjusted;
                                    char *digits;
                                    size_t ndigits;
                                    size_t nzeroes;

                                    exponent = floorlog10 (arg);
                                    adjusted = 0;
                                    for (;;)
                                      {
                                        digits =
                                          scale10_round_decimal_double (arg,
                                                                        (int)(precision - 1) - exponent);
                                        if (digits == NULL)
                                          goto out_of_memory;
                                        ndigits = strlen (digits);

                                        if (ndigits == precision)
                                          break;
                                        if (ndigits < precision - 1
                                            || ndigits > precision + 1)
                                          /* The exponent was not guessed
                                             precisely enough.  */
                                          abort ();
                                        if (adjusted)
                                          /* None of two values of exponent is
                                             the right one.  Prevent an endless
                                             loop.  */
                                          abort ();
                                        free (digits);
                                        if (ndigits < precision)
                                          exponent -= 1;
                                        else
                                          exponent += 1;
                                        adjusted = 1;
                                      }
                                    /* Here ndigits = precision.  */
                                    if (is_borderline (digits, precision - 1))
                                      {
                                        /* Maybe the exponent guess was too high
                                           and a smaller exponent can be reached
                                           by turning a 10...0 into 9...9x.  */
                                        char *digits2 =
                                          scale10_round_decimal_double (arg,
                                                                        (int)(precision - 1) - exponent + 1);
                                        if (digits2 == NULL)
                                          {
                                            free (digits);
                                            goto out_of_memory;
                                          }
                                        if (strlen (digits2) == precision)
                                          {
                                            free (digits);
                                            digits = digits2;
                                            exponent -= 1;
                                          }
                                        else
                                          free (digits2);
                                      }
                                    /* Here ndigits = precision.  */

                                    /* Determine the number of trailing zeroes
                                       that have to be dropped.  */
                                    nzeroes = 0;
                                    if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) == 0)
                                      while (nzeroes < ndigits
                                             && digits[nzeroes] == '0')
                                        nzeroes++;

                                    /* The exponent is now determined.  */
                                    if (exponent >= -4
                                        && exponent < (long)precision)
                                      {
                                        /* Fixed-point notation:
                                           max(exponent,0)+1 digits, then the
                                           decimal point, then the remaining
                                           digits without trailing zeroes.  */
                                        if (exponent >= 0)
                                          {
                                            size_t count = exponent + 1;
                                            /* Note: count <= precision = ndigits.  */
                                            for (; count > 0; count--)
                                              *p++ = digits[--ndigits];
                                            if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || ndigits > nzeroes)
                                              {
                                                *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                                while (ndigits > nzeroes)
                                                  {
                                                    --ndigits;
                                                    *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                                  }
                                              }
                                          }
                                        else
                                          {
                                            size_t count = -exponent - 1;
                                            *p++ = '0';
                                            *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                            for (; count > 0; count--)
                                              *p++ = '0';
                                            while (ndigits > nzeroes)
                                              {
                                                --ndigits;
                                                *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                              }
                                          }
                                      }
                                    else
                                      {
                                        /* Exponential notation.  */
                                        *p++ = digits[--ndigits];
                                        if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || ndigits > nzeroes)
                                          {
                                            *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                            while (ndigits > nzeroes)
                                              {
                                                --ndigits;
                                                *p++ = digits[ndigits];
                                              }
                                          }
                                        *p++ = dp->conversion - 'G' + 'E'; /* 'e' or 'E' */
#   if WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
                                        {
                                          static const wchar_t decimal_format[] =
                                            /* Produce the same number of exponent digits
                                               as the native printf implementation.  */
#    if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
                                            { '%', '+', '.', '3', 'd', '\0' };
#    else
                                            { '%', '+', '.', '2', 'd', '\0' };
#    endif
                                          SNPRINTF (p, 6 + 1, decimal_format, exponent);
                                        }
                                        while (*p != '\0')
                                          p++;
#   else
                                        {
                                          static const char decimal_format[] =
                                            /* Produce the same number of exponent digits
                                               as the native printf implementation.  */
#    if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
                                            "%+.3d";
#    else
                                            "%+.2d";
#    endif
                                          if (sizeof (DCHAR_T) == 1)
                                            {
                                              sprintf ((char *) p, decimal_format, exponent);
                                              while (*p != '\0')
                                                p++;
                                            }
                                          else
                                            {
                                              char expbuf[6 + 1];
                                              const char *ep;
                                              sprintf (expbuf, decimal_format, exponent);
                                              for (ep = expbuf; (*p = *ep) != '\0'; ep++)
                                                p++;
                                            }
                                        }
#   endif
                                      }

                                    free (digits);
                                  }
                              }
                            else
                              abort ();
#  else
                            /* arg is finite.  */
                            if (!(arg == 0.0))
                              abort ();

                            pad_ptr = p;

                            if (dp->conversion == 'f' || dp->conversion == 'F')
                              {
                                *p++ = '0';
                                if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || precision > 0)
                                  {
                                    *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                    for (; precision > 0; precision--)
                                      *p++ = '0';
                                  }
                              }
                            else if (dp->conversion == 'e' || dp->conversion == 'E')
                              {
                                *p++ = '0';
                                if ((flags & FLAG_ALT) || precision > 0)
                                  {
                                    *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                    for (; precision > 0; precision--)
                                      *p++ = '0';
                                  }
                                *p++ = dp->conversion; /* 'e' or 'E' */
                                *p++ = '+';
                                /* Produce the same number of exponent digits as
                                   the native printf implementation.  */
#   if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
                                *p++ = '0';
#   endif
                                *p++ = '0';
                                *p++ = '0';
                              }
                            else if (dp->conversion == 'g' || dp->conversion == 'G')
                              {
                                *p++ = '0';
                                if (flags & FLAG_ALT)
                                  {
                                    size_t ndigits =
                                      (precision > 0 ? precision - 1 : 0);
                                    *p++ = decimal_point_char ();
                                    for (; ndigits > 0; --ndigits)
                                      *p++ = '0';
                                  }
                              }
                            else
                              abort ();
#  endif
                          }
                      }
                  }
# endif

                /* The generated string now extends from tmp to p, with the
                   zero padding insertion point being at pad_ptr.  */
                if (has_width && p - tmp < width)
                  {
                    size_t pad = width - (p - tmp);
                    DCHAR_T *end = p + pad;

                    if (flags & FLAG_LEFT)
                      {
                        /* Pad with spaces on the right.  */
                        for (; pad > 0; pad--)
                          *p++ = ' ';
                      }
                    else if ((flags & FLAG_ZERO) && pad_ptr != NULL)
                      {
                        /* Pad with zeroes.  */
                        DCHAR_T *q = end;

                        while (p > pad_ptr)
                          *--q = *--p;
                        for (; pad > 0; pad--)
                          *p++ = '0';
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        /* Pad with spaces on the left.  */
                        DCHAR_T *q = end;

                        while (p > tmp)
                          *--q = *--p;
                        for (; pad > 0; pad--)
                          *p++ = ' ';
                      }

                    p = end;
                  }

                {
                  size_t count = p - tmp;

                  if (count >= tmp_length)
                    /* tmp_length was incorrectly calculated - fix the
                       code above!  */
                    abort ();

                  /* Make room for the result.  */
                  if (count >= allocated - length)
                    {
                      size_t n = xsum (length, count);

                      ENSURE_ALLOCATION (n);
                    }

                  /* Append the result.  */
                  memcpy (result + length, tmp, count * sizeof (DCHAR_T));
                  if (tmp != tmpbuf)
                    free (tmp);
                  length += count;
                }
              }
#endif
            else
              {
                arg_type type = a.arg[dp->arg_index].type;
                int flags = dp->flags;
#if !USE_SNPRINTF || !DCHAR_IS_TCHAR || ENABLE_UNISTDIO || NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTADJUST || NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_ZERO || NEED_PRINTF_UNBOUNDED_PRECISION
                int has_width;
                size_t width;
#endif
#if !USE_SNPRINTF || NEED_PRINTF_UNBOUNDED_PRECISION
                int has_precision;
                size_t precision;
#endif
#if NEED_PRINTF_UNBOUNDED_PRECISION
                int prec_ourselves;
#else
#               define prec_ourselves 0
#endif
#if NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTADJUST
#               define pad_ourselves 1
#elif !DCHAR_IS_TCHAR || ENABLE_UNISTDIO || NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_ZERO || NEED_PRINTF_UNBOUNDED_PRECISION
                int pad_ourselves;
#else
#               define pad_ourselves 0
#endif
                TCHAR_T *fbp;
                unsigned int prefix_count;
                int prefixes[2];
#if !USE_SNPRINTF
                size_t tmp_length;
                TCHAR_T tmpbuf[700];
                TCHAR_T *tmp;
#endif

#if !USE_SNPRINTF || !DCHAR_IS_TCHAR || ENABLE_UNISTDIO || NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTADJUST || NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_ZERO || NEED_PRINTF_UNBOUNDED_PRECISION
                has_width = 0;
                width = 0;
                if (dp->width_start != dp->width_end)
                  {
                    if (dp->width_arg_index != ARG_NONE)
                      {
                        int arg;

                        if (!(a.arg[dp->width_arg_index].type == TYPE_INT))
                          abort ();
                        arg = a.arg[dp->width_arg_index].a.a_int;
                        if (arg < 0)
                          {
                            /* "A negative field width is taken as a '-' flag
                                followed by a positive field width."  */
                            flags |= FLAG_LEFT;
                            width = (unsigned int) (-arg);
                          }
                        else
                          width = arg;
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        const FCHAR_T *digitp = dp->width_start;

                        do
                          width = xsum (xtimes (width, 10), *digitp++ - '0');
                        while (digitp != dp->width_end);
                      }
                    has_width = 1;
                  }
#endif

#if !USE_SNPRINTF || NEED_PRINTF_UNBOUNDED_PRECISION
                has_precision = 0;
                precision = 6;
                if (dp->precision_start != dp->precision_end)
                  {
                    if (dp->precision_arg_index != ARG_NONE)
                      {
                        int arg;

                        if (!(a.arg[dp->precision_arg_index].type == TYPE_INT))
                          abort ();
                        arg = a.arg[dp->precision_arg_index].a.a_int;
                        /* "A negative precision is taken as if the precision
                            were omitted."  */
                        if (arg >= 0)
                          {
                            precision = arg;
                            has_precision = 1;
                          }
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        const FCHAR_T *digitp = dp->precision_start + 1;

                        precision = 0;
                        while (digitp != dp->precision_end)
                          precision = xsum (xtimes (precision, 10), *digitp++ - '0');
                        has_precision = 1;
                      }
                  }
#endif

                /* Decide whether to handle the precision ourselves.  */
#if NEED_PRINTF_UNBOUNDED_PRECISION
                switch (dp->conversion)
                  {
                  case 'd': case 'i': case 'u':
                  case 'o':
                  case 'x': case 'X': case 'p':
                    prec_ourselves = has_precision && (precision > 0);
                    break;
                  default:
                    prec_ourselves = 0;
                    break;
                  }
#endif

                /* Decide whether to perform the padding ourselves.  */
#if !NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTADJUST && (!DCHAR_IS_TCHAR || ENABLE_UNISTDIO || NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_ZERO || NEED_PRINTF_UNBOUNDED_PRECISION)
                switch (dp->conversion)
                  {
# if !DCHAR_IS_TCHAR || ENABLE_UNISTDIO
                  /* If we need conversion from TCHAR_T[] to DCHAR_T[], we need
                     to perform the padding after this conversion.  Functions
                     with unistdio extensions perform the padding based on
                     character count rather than element count.  */
                  case 'c': case 's':
# endif
# if NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_ZERO
                  case 'f': case 'F': case 'e': case 'E': case 'g': case 'G':
                  case 'a': case 'A':
# endif
                    pad_ourselves = 1;
                    break;
                  default:
                    pad_ourselves = prec_ourselves;
                    break;
                  }
#endif

#if !USE_SNPRINTF
                /* Allocate a temporary buffer of sufficient size for calling
                   sprintf.  */
                {
                  switch (dp->conversion)
                    {

                    case 'd': case 'i': case 'u':
# if HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT
                      if (type == TYPE_LONGLONGINT || type == TYPE_ULONGLONGINT)
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (sizeof (unsigned long long) * CHAR_BIT
                                          * 0.30103 /* binary -> decimal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      else
# endif
                      if (type == TYPE_LONGINT || type == TYPE_ULONGINT)
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (sizeof (unsigned long) * CHAR_BIT
                                          * 0.30103 /* binary -> decimal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      else
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (sizeof (unsigned int) * CHAR_BIT
                                          * 0.30103 /* binary -> decimal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      if (tmp_length < precision)
                        tmp_length = precision;
                      /* Multiply by 2, as an estimate for FLAG_GROUP.  */
                      tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, tmp_length);
                      /* Add 1, to account for a leading sign.  */
                      tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, 1);
                      break;

                    case 'o':
# if HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT
                      if (type == TYPE_LONGLONGINT || type == TYPE_ULONGLONGINT)
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (sizeof (unsigned long long) * CHAR_BIT
                                          * 0.333334 /* binary -> octal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      else
# endif
                      if (type == TYPE_LONGINT || type == TYPE_ULONGINT)
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (sizeof (unsigned long) * CHAR_BIT
                                          * 0.333334 /* binary -> octal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      else
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (sizeof (unsigned int) * CHAR_BIT
                                          * 0.333334 /* binary -> octal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      if (tmp_length < precision)
                        tmp_length = precision;
                      /* Add 1, to account for a leading sign.  */
                      tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, 1);
                      break;

                    case 'x': case 'X':
# if HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT
                      if (type == TYPE_LONGLONGINT || type == TYPE_ULONGLONGINT)
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (sizeof (unsigned long long) * CHAR_BIT
                                          * 0.25 /* binary -> hexadecimal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      else
# endif
                      if (type == TYPE_LONGINT || type == TYPE_ULONGINT)
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (sizeof (unsigned long) * CHAR_BIT
                                          * 0.25 /* binary -> hexadecimal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      else
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (sizeof (unsigned int) * CHAR_BIT
                                          * 0.25 /* binary -> hexadecimal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      if (tmp_length < precision)
                        tmp_length = precision;
                      /* Add 2, to account for a leading sign or alternate form.  */
                      tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, 2);
                      break;

                    case 'f': case 'F':
                      if (type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE)
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (LDBL_MAX_EXP
                                          * 0.30103 /* binary -> decimal */
                                          * 2 /* estimate for FLAG_GROUP */
                                         )
                          + 1 /* turn floor into ceil */
                          + 10; /* sign, decimal point etc. */
                      else
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (DBL_MAX_EXP
                                          * 0.30103 /* binary -> decimal */
                                          * 2 /* estimate for FLAG_GROUP */
                                         )
                          + 1 /* turn floor into ceil */
                          + 10; /* sign, decimal point etc. */
                      tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, precision);
                      break;

                    case 'e': case 'E': case 'g': case 'G':
                      tmp_length =
                        12; /* sign, decimal point, exponent etc. */
                      tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, precision);
                      break;

                    case 'a': case 'A':
                      if (type == TYPE_LONGDOUBLE)
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (LDBL_DIG
                                          * 0.831 /* decimal -> hexadecimal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      else
                        tmp_length =
                          (unsigned int) (DBL_DIG
                                          * 0.831 /* decimal -> hexadecimal */
                                         )
                          + 1; /* turn floor into ceil */
                      if (tmp_length < precision)
                        tmp_length = precision;
                      /* Account for sign, decimal point etc. */
                      tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, 12);
                      break;

                    case 'c':
# if HAVE_WINT_T && !WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
                      if (type == TYPE_WIDE_CHAR)
                        tmp_length = MB_CUR_MAX;
                      else
# endif
                        tmp_length = 1;
                      break;

                    case 's':
# if HAVE_WCHAR_T
                      if (type == TYPE_WIDE_STRING)
                        {
                          tmp_length =
                            local_wcslen (a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_wide_string);

#  if !WIDE_CHAR_VERSION
                          tmp_length = xtimes (tmp_length, MB_CUR_MAX);
#  endif
                        }
                      else
# endif
                        tmp_length = strlen (a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_string);
                      break;

                    case 'p':
                      tmp_length =
                        (unsigned int) (sizeof (void *) * CHAR_BIT
                                        * 0.25 /* binary -> hexadecimal */
                                       )
                          + 1 /* turn floor into ceil */
                          + 2; /* account for leading 0x */
                      break;

                    default:
                      abort ();
                    }

                  if (!pad_ourselves)
                    {
# if ENABLE_UNISTDIO
                      /* Padding considers the number of characters, therefore
                         the number of elements after padding may be
                           > max (tmp_length, width)
                         but is certainly
                           <= tmp_length + width.  */
                      tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, width);
# else
                      /* Padding considers the number of elements,
                         says POSIX.  */
                      if (tmp_length < width)
                        tmp_length = width;
# endif
                    }

                  tmp_length = xsum (tmp_length, 1); /* account for trailing NUL */
                }

                if (tmp_length <= sizeof (tmpbuf) / sizeof (TCHAR_T))
                  tmp = tmpbuf;
                else
                  {
                    size_t tmp_memsize = xtimes (tmp_length, sizeof (TCHAR_T));

                    if (size_overflow_p (tmp_memsize))
                      /* Overflow, would lead to out of memory.  */
                      goto out_of_memory;
                    tmp = (TCHAR_T *) malloc (tmp_memsize);
                    if (tmp == NULL)
                      /* Out of memory.  */
                      goto out_of_memory;
                  }
#endif

                /* Construct the format string for calling snprintf or
                   sprintf.  */
                fbp = buf;
                *fbp++ = '%';
#if NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_GROUPING
                /* The underlying implementation doesn't support the ' flag.
                   Produce no grouping characters in this case; this is
                   acceptable because the grouping is locale dependent.  */
#else
                if (flags & FLAG_GROUP)
                  *fbp++ = '\'';
#endif
                if (flags & FLAG_LEFT)
                  *fbp++ = '-';
                if (flags & FLAG_SHOWSIGN)
                  *fbp++ = '+';
                if (flags & FLAG_SPACE)
                  *fbp++ = ' ';
                if (flags & FLAG_ALT)
                  *fbp++ = '#';
                if (!pad_ourselves)
                  {
                    if (flags & FLAG_ZERO)
                      *fbp++ = '0';
                    if (dp->width_start != dp->width_end)
                      {
                        size_t n = dp->width_end - dp->width_start;
                        /* The width specification is known to consist only
                           of standard ASCII characters.  */
                        if (sizeof (FCHAR_T) == sizeof (TCHAR_T))
                          {
                            memcpy (fbp, dp->width_start, n * sizeof (TCHAR_T));
                            fbp += n;
                          }
                        else
                          {
                            const FCHAR_T *mp = dp->width_start;
                            do
                              *fbp++ = (unsigned char) *mp++;
                            while (--n > 0);
                          }
                      }
                  }
                if (!prec_ourselves)
                  {
                    if (dp->precision_start != dp->precision_end)
                      {
                        size_t n = dp->precision_end - dp->precision_start;
                        /* The precision specification is known to consist only
                           of standard ASCII characters.  */
                        if (sizeof (FCHAR_T) == sizeof (TCHAR_T))
                          {
                            memcpy (fbp, dp->precision_start, n * sizeof (TCHAR_T));
                            fbp += n;
                          }
                        else
                          {
                            const FCHAR_T *mp = dp->precision_start;
                            do
                              *fbp++ = (unsigned char) *mp++;
                            while (--n > 0);
                          }
                      }
                  }

                switch (type)
                  {
#if HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT
                  case TYPE_LONGLONGINT:
                  case TYPE_ULONGLONGINT:
# if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
                    *fbp++ = 'I';
                    *fbp++ = '6';
                    *fbp++ = '4';
                    break;
# else
                    *fbp++ = 'l';
                    /*FALLTHROUGH*/
# endif
#endif
                  case TYPE_LONGINT:
                  case TYPE_ULONGINT:
#if HAVE_WINT_T
                  case TYPE_WIDE_CHAR:
#endif
#if HAVE_WCHAR_T
                  case TYPE_WIDE_STRING:
#endif
                    *fbp++ = 'l';
                    break;
                  case TYPE_LONGDOUBLE:
                    *fbp++ = 'L';
                    break;
                  default:
                    break;
                  }
#if NEED_PRINTF_DIRECTIVE_F
                if (dp->conversion == 'F')
                  *fbp = 'f';
                else
#endif
                  *fbp = dp->conversion;
#if USE_SNPRINTF
# if !(__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 3) || ((defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__))
                fbp[1] = '%';
                fbp[2] = 'n';
                fbp[3] = '\0';
# else
                /* On glibc2 systems from glibc >= 2.3 - probably also older
                   ones - we know that snprintf's returns value conforms to
                   ISO C 99: the gl_SNPRINTF_DIRECTIVE_N test passes.
                   Therefore we can avoid using %n in this situation.
                   On glibc2 systems from 2004-10-18 or newer, the use of %n
                   in format strings in writable memory may crash the program
                   (if compiled with _FORTIFY_SOURCE=2), so we should avoid it
                   in this situation.  */
                /* On native Win32 systems (such as mingw), we can avoid using
                   %n because:
                     - Although the gl_SNPRINTF_TRUNCATION_C99 test fails,
                       snprintf does not write more than the specified number
                       of bytes. (snprintf (buf, 3, "%d %d", 4567, 89) writes
                       '4', '5', '6' into buf, not '4', '5', '\0'.)
                     - Although the gl_SNPRINTF_RETVAL_C99 test fails, snprintf
                       allows us to recognize the case of an insufficient
                       buffer size: it returns -1 in this case.
                   On native Win32 systems (such as mingw) where the OS is
                   Windows Vista, the use of %n in format strings by default
                   crashes the program. See
                     <http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2007-06/msg00122.html> and
                     <http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms175782(VS.80).aspx>
                   So we should avoid %n in this situation.  */
                fbp[1] = '\0';
# endif
#else
                fbp[1] = '\0';
#endif

                /* Construct the arguments for calling snprintf or sprintf.  */
                prefix_count = 0;
                if (!pad_ourselves && dp->width_arg_index != ARG_NONE)
                  {
                    if (!(a.arg[dp->width_arg_index].type == TYPE_INT))
                      abort ();
                    prefixes[prefix_count++] = a.arg[dp->width_arg_index].a.a_int;
                  }
                if (dp->precision_arg_index != ARG_NONE)
                  {
                    if (!(a.arg[dp->precision_arg_index].type == TYPE_INT))
                      abort ();
                    prefixes[prefix_count++] = a.arg[dp->precision_arg_index].a.a_int;
                  }

#if USE_SNPRINTF
                /* The SNPRINTF result is appended after result[0..length].
                   The latter is an array of DCHAR_T; SNPRINTF appends an
                   array of TCHAR_T to it.  This is possible because
                   sizeof (TCHAR_T) divides sizeof (DCHAR_T) and
                   alignof (TCHAR_T) <= alignof (DCHAR_T).  */
# define TCHARS_PER_DCHAR (sizeof (DCHAR_T) / sizeof (TCHAR_T))
                /* Ensure that maxlen below will be >= 2.  Needed on BeOS,
                   where an snprintf() with maxlen==1 acts like sprintf().  */
                ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length,
                                         (2 + TCHARS_PER_DCHAR - 1)
                                         / TCHARS_PER_DCHAR));
                /* Prepare checking whether snprintf returns the count
                   via %n.  */
                *(TCHAR_T *) (result + length) = '\0';
#endif

                for (;;)
                  {
                    int count = -1;

#if USE_SNPRINTF
                    int retcount = 0;
                    size_t maxlen = allocated - length;
                    /* SNPRINTF can fail if its second argument is
                       > INT_MAX.  */
                    if (maxlen > INT_MAX / TCHARS_PER_DCHAR)
                      maxlen = INT_MAX / TCHARS_PER_DCHAR;
                    maxlen = maxlen * TCHARS_PER_DCHAR;
# define SNPRINTF_BUF(arg) \
                    switch (prefix_count)                                   \
                      {                                                     \
                      case 0:                                               \
                        retcount = SNPRINTF ((TCHAR_T *) (result + length), \
                                             maxlen, buf,                   \
                                             arg, &count);                  \
                        break;                                              \
                      case 1:                                               \
                        retcount = SNPRINTF ((TCHAR_T *) (result + length), \
                                             maxlen, buf,                   \
                                             prefixes[0], arg, &count);     \
                        break;                                              \
                      case 2:                                               \
                        retcount = SNPRINTF ((TCHAR_T *) (result + length), \
                                             maxlen, buf,                   \
                                             prefixes[0], prefixes[1], arg, \
                                             &count);                       \
                        break;                                              \
                      default:                                              \
                        abort ();                                           \
                      }
#else
# define SNPRINTF_BUF(arg) \
                    switch (prefix_count)                                   \
                      {                                                     \
                      case 0:                                               \
                        count = sprintf (tmp, buf, arg);                    \
                        break;                                              \
                      case 1:                                               \
                        count = sprintf (tmp, buf, prefixes[0], arg);       \
                        break;                                              \
                      case 2:                                               \
                        count = sprintf (tmp, buf, prefixes[0], prefixes[1],\
                                         arg);                              \
                        break;                                              \
                      default:                                              \
                        abort ();                                           \
                      }
#endif

                    switch (type)
                      {
                      case TYPE_SCHAR:
                        {
                          int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_schar;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      case TYPE_UCHAR:
                        {
                          unsigned int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_uchar;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      case TYPE_SHORT:
                        {
                          int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_short;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      case TYPE_USHORT:
                        {
                          unsigned int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_ushort;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      case TYPE_INT:
                        {
                          int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_int;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      case TYPE_UINT:
                        {
                          unsigned int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_uint;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      case TYPE_LONGINT:
                        {
                          long int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_longint;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      case TYPE_ULONGINT:
                        {
                          unsigned long int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_ulongint;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
#if HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT
                      case TYPE_LONGLONGINT:
                        {
                          long long int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_longlongint;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      case TYPE_ULONGLONGINT:
                        {
                          unsigned long long int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_ulonglongint;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
#endif
                      case TYPE_DOUBLE:
                        {
                          double arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_double;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      case TYPE_LONGDOUBLE:
                        {
                          long double arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_longdouble;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      case TYPE_CHAR:
                        {
                          int arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_char;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
#if HAVE_WINT_T
                      case TYPE_WIDE_CHAR:
                        {
                          wint_t arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_wide_char;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
#endif
                      case TYPE_STRING:
                        {
                          const char *arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_string;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
#if HAVE_WCHAR_T
                      case TYPE_WIDE_STRING:
                        {
                          const wchar_t *arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_wide_string;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
#endif
                      case TYPE_POINTER:
                        {
                          void *arg = a.arg[dp->arg_index].a.a_pointer;
                          SNPRINTF_BUF (arg);
                        }
                        break;
                      default:
                        abort ();
                      }

#if USE_SNPRINTF
                    /* Portability: Not all implementations of snprintf()
                       are ISO C 99 compliant.  Determine the number of
                       bytes that snprintf() has produced or would have
                       produced.  */
                    if (count >= 0)
                      {
                        /* Verify that snprintf() has NUL-terminated its
                           result.  */
                        if (count < maxlen
                            && ((TCHAR_T *) (result + length)) [count] != '\0')
                          abort ();
                        /* Portability hack.  */
                        if (retcount > count)
                          count = retcount;
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        /* snprintf() doesn't understand the '%n'
                           directive.  */
                        if (fbp[1] != '\0')
                          {
                            /* Don't use the '%n' directive; instead, look
                               at the snprintf() return value.  */
                            fbp[1] = '\0';
                            continue;
                          }
                        else
                          {
                            /* Look at the snprintf() return value.  */
                            if (retcount < 0)
                              {
                                /* HP-UX 10.20 snprintf() is doubly deficient:
                                   It doesn't understand the '%n' directive,
                                   *and* it returns -1 (rather than the length
                                   that would have been required) when the
                                   buffer is too small.  */
                                size_t bigger_need =
                                  xsum (xtimes (allocated, 2), 12);
                                ENSURE_ALLOCATION (bigger_need);
                                continue;
                              }
                            else
                              count = retcount;
                          }
                      }
#endif

                    /* Attempt to handle failure.  */
                    if (count < 0)
                      {
                        if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                          free (result);
                        if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                          free (buf_malloced);
                        CLEANUP ();
                        errno = EINVAL;
                        return NULL;
                      }

#if USE_SNPRINTF
                    /* Handle overflow of the allocated buffer.
                       If such an overflow occurs, a C99 compliant snprintf()
                       returns a count >= maxlen.  However, a non-compliant
                       snprintf() function returns only count = maxlen - 1.  To
                       cover both cases, test whether count >= maxlen - 1.  */
                    if ((unsigned int) count + 1 >= maxlen)
                      {
                        /* If maxlen already has attained its allowed maximum,
                           allocating more memory will not increase maxlen.
                           Instead of looping, bail out.  */
                        if (maxlen == INT_MAX / TCHARS_PER_DCHAR)
                          goto overflow;
                        else
                          {
                            /* Need at least (count + 1) * sizeof (TCHAR_T)
                               bytes.  (The +1 is for the trailing NUL.)
                               But ask for (count + 2) * sizeof (TCHAR_T)
                               bytes, so that in the next round, we likely get
                                 maxlen > (unsigned int) count + 1
                               and so we don't get here again.
                               And allocate proportionally, to avoid looping
                               eternally if snprintf() reports a too small
                               count.  */
                            size_t n =
                              xmax (xsum (length,
                                          ((unsigned int) count + 2
                                           + TCHARS_PER_DCHAR - 1)
                                          / TCHARS_PER_DCHAR),
                                    xtimes (allocated, 2));

                            ENSURE_ALLOCATION (n);
                            continue;
                          }
                      }
#endif

#if NEED_PRINTF_UNBOUNDED_PRECISION
                    if (prec_ourselves)
                      {
                        /* Handle the precision.  */
                        TCHAR_T *prec_ptr =
# if USE_SNPRINTF
                          (TCHAR_T *) (result + length);
# else
                          tmp;
# endif
                        size_t prefix_count;
                        size_t move;

                        prefix_count = 0;
                        /* Put the additional zeroes after the sign.  */
                        if (count >= 1
                            && (*prec_ptr == '-' || *prec_ptr == '+'
                                || *prec_ptr == ' '))
                          prefix_count = 1;
                        /* Put the additional zeroes after the 0x prefix if
                           (flags & FLAG_ALT) || (dp->conversion == 'p').  */
                        else if (count >= 2
                                 && prec_ptr[0] == '0'
                                 && (prec_ptr[1] == 'x' || prec_ptr[1] == 'X'))
                          prefix_count = 2;

                        move = count - prefix_count;
                        if (precision > move)
                          {
                            /* Insert zeroes.  */
                            size_t insert = precision - move;
                            TCHAR_T *prec_end;

# if USE_SNPRINTF
                            size_t n =
                              xsum (length,
                                    (count + insert + TCHARS_PER_DCHAR - 1)
                                    / TCHARS_PER_DCHAR);
                            length += (count + TCHARS_PER_DCHAR - 1) / TCHARS_PER_DCHAR;
                            ENSURE_ALLOCATION (n);
                            length -= (count + TCHARS_PER_DCHAR - 1) / TCHARS_PER_DCHAR;
                            prec_ptr = (TCHAR_T *) (result + length);
# endif

                            prec_end = prec_ptr + count;
                            prec_ptr += prefix_count;

                            while (prec_end > prec_ptr)
                              {
                                prec_end--;
                                prec_end[insert] = prec_end[0];
                              }

                            prec_end += insert;
                            do
                              *--prec_end = '0';
                            while (prec_end > prec_ptr);

                            count += insert;
                          }
                      }
#endif

#if !USE_SNPRINTF
                    if (count >= tmp_length)
                      /* tmp_length was incorrectly calculated - fix the
                         code above!  */
                      abort ();
#endif

#if !DCHAR_IS_TCHAR
                    /* Convert from TCHAR_T[] to DCHAR_T[].  */
                    if (dp->conversion == 'c' || dp->conversion == 's')
                      {
                        /* type = TYPE_CHAR or TYPE_WIDE_CHAR or TYPE_STRING
                           TYPE_WIDE_STRING.
                           The result string is not certainly ASCII.  */
                        const TCHAR_T *tmpsrc;
                        DCHAR_T *tmpdst;
                        size_t tmpdst_len;
                        /* This code assumes that TCHAR_T is 'char'.  */
                        typedef int TCHAR_T_verify
                                    [2 * (sizeof (TCHAR_T) == 1) - 1];
# if USE_SNPRINTF
                        tmpsrc = (TCHAR_T *) (result + length);
# else
                        tmpsrc = tmp;
# endif
                        tmpdst = NULL;
                        tmpdst_len = 0;
                        if (DCHAR_CONV_FROM_ENCODING (locale_charset (),
                                                      iconveh_question_mark,
                                                      tmpsrc, count,
                                                      NULL,
                                                      &tmpdst, &tmpdst_len)
                            < 0)
                          {
                            int saved_errno = errno;
                            if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
                              free (result);
                            if (buf_malloced != NULL)
                              free (buf_malloced);
                            CLEANUP ();
                            errno = saved_errno;
                            return NULL;
                          }
                        ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, tmpdst_len));
                        DCHAR_CPY (result + length, tmpdst, tmpdst_len);
                        free (tmpdst);
                        count = tmpdst_len;
                      }
                    else
                      {
                        /* The result string is ASCII.
                           Simple 1:1 conversion.  */
# if USE_SNPRINTF
                        /* If sizeof (DCHAR_T) == sizeof (TCHAR_T), it's a
                           no-op conversion, in-place on the array starting
                           at (result + length).  */
                        if (sizeof (DCHAR_T) != sizeof (TCHAR_T))
# endif
                          {
                            const TCHAR_T *tmpsrc;
                            DCHAR_T *tmpdst;
                            size_t n;

# if USE_SNPRINTF
                            if (result == resultbuf)
                              {
                                tmpsrc = (TCHAR_T *) (result + length);
                                /* ENSURE_ALLOCATION will not move tmpsrc
                                   (because it's part of resultbuf).  */
                                ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, count));
                              }
                            else
                              {
                                /* ENSURE_ALLOCATION will move the array
                                   (because it uses realloc().  */
                                ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, count));
                                tmpsrc = (TCHAR_T *) (result + length);
                              }
# else
                            tmpsrc = tmp;
                            ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, count));
# endif
                            tmpdst = result + length;
                            /* Copy backwards, because of overlapping.  */
                            tmpsrc += count;
                            tmpdst += count;
                            for (n = count; n > 0; n--)
                              *--tmpdst = (unsigned char) *--tmpsrc;
                          }
                      }
#endif

#if DCHAR_IS_TCHAR && !USE_SNPRINTF
                    /* Make room for the result.  */
                    if (count > allocated - length)
                      {
                        /* Need at least count elements.  But allocate
                           proportionally.  */
                        size_t n =
                          xmax (xsum (length, count), xtimes (allocated, 2));

                        ENSURE_ALLOCATION (n);
                      }
#endif

                    /* Here count <= allocated - length.  */

                    /* Perform padding.  */
#if !DCHAR_IS_TCHAR || ENABLE_UNISTDIO || NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_LEFTADJUST || NEED_PRINTF_FLAG_ZERO || NEED_PRINTF_UNBOUNDED_PRECISION
                    if (pad_ourselves && has_width)
                      {
                        size_t w;
# if ENABLE_UNISTDIO
                        /* Outside POSIX, it's preferrable to compare the width
                           against the number of _characters_ of the converted
                           value.  */
                        w = DCHAR_MBSNLEN (result + length, count);
# else
                        /* The width is compared against the number of _bytes_
                           of the converted value, says POSIX.  */
                        w = count;
# endif
                        if (w < width)
                          {
                            size_t pad = width - w;

                            /* Make room for the result.  */
                            if (xsum (count, pad) > allocated - length)
                              {
                                /* Need at least count + pad elements.  But
                                   allocate proportionally.  */
                                size_t n =
                                  xmax (xsum3 (length, count, pad),
                                        xtimes (allocated, 2));

# if USE_SNPRINTF
                                length += count;
                                ENSURE_ALLOCATION (n);
                                length -= count;
# else
                                ENSURE_ALLOCATION (n);
# endif
                              }
                            /* Here count + pad <= allocated - length.  */

                            {
# if !DCHAR_IS_TCHAR || USE_SNPRINTF
                              DCHAR_T * const rp = result + length;
# else
                              DCHAR_T * const rp = tmp;
# endif
                              DCHAR_T *p = rp + count;
                              DCHAR_T *end = p + pad;
                              DCHAR_T *pad_ptr;
# if !DCHAR_IS_TCHAR || ENABLE_UNISTDIO
                              if (dp->conversion == 'c'
                                  || dp->conversion == 's')
                                /* No zero-padding for string directives.  */
                                pad_ptr = NULL;
                              else
# endif
                                {
                                  pad_ptr = (*rp == '-' ? rp + 1 : rp);
                                  /* No zero-padding of "inf" and "nan".  */
                                  if ((*pad_ptr >= 'A' && *pad_ptr <= 'Z')
                                      || (*pad_ptr >= 'a' && *pad_ptr <= 'z'))
                                    pad_ptr = NULL;
                                }
                              /* The generated string now extends from rp to p,
                                 with the zero padding insertion point being at
                                 pad_ptr.  */

                              count = count + pad; /* = end - rp */

                              if (flags & FLAG_LEFT)
                                {
                                  /* Pad with spaces on the right.  */
                                  for (; pad > 0; pad--)
                                    *p++ = ' ';
                                }
                              else if ((flags & FLAG_ZERO) && pad_ptr != NULL)
                                {
                                  /* Pad with zeroes.  */
                                  DCHAR_T *q = end;

                                  while (p > pad_ptr)
                                    *--q = *--p;
                                  for (; pad > 0; pad--)
                                    *p++ = '0';
                                }
                              else
                                {
                                  /* Pad with spaces on the left.  */
                                  DCHAR_T *q = end;

                                  while (p > rp)
                                    *--q = *--p;
                                  for (; pad > 0; pad--)
                                    *p++ = ' ';
                                }
                            }
                          }
                      }
#endif

                    /* Here still count <= allocated - length.  */

#if !DCHAR_IS_TCHAR || USE_SNPRINTF
                    /* The snprintf() result did fit.  */
#else
                    /* Append the sprintf() result.  */
                    memcpy (result + length, tmp, count * sizeof (DCHAR_T));
#endif
#if !USE_SNPRINTF
                    if (tmp != tmpbuf)
                      free (tmp);
#endif

#if NEED_PRINTF_DIRECTIVE_F
                    if (dp->conversion == 'F')
                      {
                        /* Convert the %f result to upper case for %F.  */
                        DCHAR_T *rp = result + length;
                        size_t rc;
                        for (rc = count; rc > 0; rc--, rp++)
                          if (*rp >= 'a' && *rp <= 'z')
                            *rp = *rp - 'a' + 'A';
                      }
#endif

                    length += count;
                    break;
                  }
              }
          }
      }

    /* Add the final NUL.  */
    ENSURE_ALLOCATION (xsum (length, 1));
    result[length] = '\0';

    if (result != resultbuf && length + 1 < allocated)
      {
        /* Shrink the allocated memory if possible.  */
        DCHAR_T *memory;

        memory = (DCHAR_T *) realloc (result, (length + 1) * sizeof (DCHAR_T));
        if (memory != NULL)
          result = memory;
      }

    if (buf_malloced != NULL)
      free (buf_malloced);
    CLEANUP ();
    *lengthp = length;
    /* Note that we can produce a big string of a length > INT_MAX.  POSIX
       says that snprintf() fails with errno = EOVERFLOW in this case, but
       that's only because snprintf() returns an 'int'.  This function does
       not have this limitation.  */
    return result;

#if USE_SNPRINTF
  overflow:
    if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
      free (result);
    if (buf_malloced != NULL)
      free (buf_malloced);
    CLEANUP ();
    errno = EOVERFLOW;
    return NULL;
#endif

  out_of_memory:
    if (!(result == resultbuf || result == NULL))
      free (result);
    if (buf_malloced != NULL)
      free (buf_malloced);
  out_of_memory_1:
    CLEANUP ();
    errno = ENOMEM;
    return NULL;
  }
}

#undef TCHARS_PER_DCHAR
#undef SNPRINTF
#undef USE_SNPRINTF
#undef DCHAR_CPY
#undef PRINTF_PARSE
#undef DIRECTIVES
#undef DIRECTIVE
#undef DCHAR_IS_TCHAR
#undef TCHAR_T
#undef DCHAR_T
#undef FCHAR_T
#undef VASNPRINTF