1 /* Functions to make fuzzy comparisons between strings
2 Copyright (C) 1988-1989, 1992-1993, 1995, 2001-2003, 2006, 2008
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
8 (at your option) any later version.
10 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 GNU General Public License for more details.
15 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19 Derived from GNU diff 2.7, analyze.c et al.
21 The basic idea is to consider two vectors as similar if, when
22 transforming the first vector into the second vector through a
23 sequence of edits (inserts and deletes of one element each),
24 this sequence is short - or equivalently, if the ordered list
25 of elements that are untouched by these edits is long. For a
26 good introduction to the subject, read about the "Levenshtein
27 distance" in Wikipedia.
29 The basic algorithm is described in:
30 "An O(ND) Difference Algorithm and its Variations", Eugene Myers,
31 Algorithmica Vol. 1 No. 2, 1986, pp. 251-266;
32 see especially section 4.2, which describes the variation used below.
34 The basic algorithm was independently discovered as described in:
35 "Algorithms for Approximate String Matching", E. Ukkonen,
36 Information and Control Vol. 64, 1985, pp. 100-118.
38 Unless the 'find_minimal' flag is set, this code uses the TOO_EXPENSIVE
39 heuristic, by Paul Eggert, to limit the cost to O(N**1.5 log N)
40 at the price of producing suboptimal output for large inputs with
54 #include "glthread/lock.h"
55 #include "glthread/tls.h"
60 # define uintptr_t unsigned long
65 #define EQUAL(x,y) ((x) == (y))
67 #define EXTRA_CONTEXT_FIELDS \
68 /* The number of elements inserted or deleted. */ \
69 int xvec_edit_count; \
71 #define NOTE_DELETE(ctxt, xoff) ctxt->xvec_edit_count++
72 #define NOTE_INSERT(ctxt, yoff) ctxt->yvec_edit_count++
73 /* We don't need USE_HEURISTIC, since it is unlikely in typical uses of
78 /* Because fstrcmp is typically called multiple times, attempt to minimize
79 the number of memory allocations performed. Thus, let a call reuse the
80 memory already allocated by the previous call, if it is sufficient.
81 To make it multithread-safe, without need for a lock that protects the
82 already allocated memory, store the allocated memory per thread. Free
83 it only when the thread exits. */
85 static gl_tls_key_t buffer_key; /* TLS key for a 'int *' */
86 static gl_tls_key_t bufmax_key; /* TLS key for a 'size_t' */
91 gl_tls_key_init (buffer_key, free);
92 gl_tls_key_init (bufmax_key, NULL);
93 /* The per-thread initial values are NULL and 0, respectively. */
96 /* Ensure that keys_init is called once only. */
97 gl_once_define(static, keys_init_once)
101 fstrcmp_bounded (const char *string1, const char *string2, double lower_bound)
104 int xvec_length = strlen (string1);
105 int yvec_length = strlen (string2);
112 /* short-circuit obvious comparisons */
113 if (xvec_length == 0 || yvec_length == 0)
114 return (xvec_length == 0 && yvec_length == 0 ? 1.0 : 0.0);
118 /* Compute a quick upper bound.
119 Each edit is an insertion or deletion of an element, hence modifies
120 the length of the sequence by at most 1.
121 Therefore, when starting from a sequence X and ending at a sequence Y,
122 with N edits, | yvec_length - xvec_length | <= N. (Proof by
124 So, at the end, we will have
125 xvec_edit_count + yvec_edit_count >= | xvec_length - yvec_length |.
128 = (xvec_length + yvec_length - (xvec_edit_count + yvec_edit_count))
129 / (xvec_length + yvec_length)
130 <= (xvec_length + yvec_length - | yvec_length - xvec_length |)
131 / (xvec_length + yvec_length)
132 = 2 * min (xvec_length, yvec_length) / (xvec_length + yvec_length).
134 volatile double upper_bound =
135 (double) (2 * MIN (xvec_length, yvec_length))
136 / (xvec_length + yvec_length);
138 if (upper_bound < lower_bound)
139 /* Return an arbitrary value < LOWER_BOUND. */
143 /* set the info for each string. */
147 /* Set TOO_EXPENSIVE to be approximate square root of input size,
148 bounded below by 256. */
149 ctxt.too_expensive = 1;
150 for (i = xvec_length + yvec_length;
153 ctxt.too_expensive <<= 1;
154 if (ctxt.too_expensive < 256)
155 ctxt.too_expensive = 256;
157 /* Allocate memory for fdiag and bdiag from a thread-local pool. */
158 fdiag_len = xvec_length + yvec_length + 3;
159 gl_once (keys_init_once, keys_init);
160 buffer = (int *) gl_tls_get (buffer_key);
161 bufmax = (size_t) (uintptr_t) gl_tls_get (bufmax_key);
162 if (fdiag_len > bufmax)
164 /* Need more memory. */
166 if (fdiag_len > bufmax)
168 /* Calling xrealloc would be a waste: buffer's contents does not need
172 buffer = (int *) xnmalloc (bufmax, 2 * sizeof (int));
173 gl_tls_set (buffer_key, buffer);
174 gl_tls_set (bufmax_key, (void *) (uintptr_t) bufmax);
176 ctxt.fdiag = buffer + yvec_length + 1;
177 ctxt.bdiag = ctxt.fdiag + fdiag_len;
179 /* Now do the main comparison algorithm */
180 ctxt.xvec_edit_count = 0;
181 ctxt.yvec_edit_count = 0;
182 compareseq (0, xvec_length, 0, yvec_length, 0,
186 ((number of chars in common) / (average length of the strings)).
187 This is admittedly biased towards finding that the strings are
188 similar, however it does produce meaningful results. */
189 return ((double) (xvec_length + yvec_length
190 - ctxt.yvec_edit_count - ctxt.xvec_edit_count)
191 / (xvec_length + yvec_length));