4 Commands that don't fit any other category are placed here.
6 Most of these commands are not affected by commands like @cmd{IF} and
8 they take effect only once, unconditionally, at the time that they are
9 encountered in the input.
12 * ADD DOCUMENT:: Add documentary text to the active file.
13 * CD:: Change the current directory.
14 * COMMENT:: Document your syntax file.
15 * DOCUMENT:: Document the active file.
16 * DISPLAY DOCUMENTS:: Display active file documents.
17 * DISPLAY FILE LABEL:: Display the active file label.
18 * DROP DOCUMENTS:: Remove documents from the active file.
19 * ECHO:: Write a string to the output stream.
20 * ERASE:: Erase a file.
21 * EXECUTE:: Execute pending transformations.
22 * FILE LABEL:: Set the active file's label.
23 * FINISH:: Terminate the PSPP session.
24 * HOST:: Temporarily return to the operating system.
25 * INCLUDE:: Include a file within the current one.
26 * INSERT:: Insert a file within the current one.
27 * PERMISSIONS:: Change permissions on a file.
28 * SET:: Adjust PSPP runtime parameters.
29 * SHOW:: Display runtime parameters.
30 * SUBTITLE:: Provide a document subtitle.
31 * TITLE:: Provide a document title.
35 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
41 'line one' 'line two' @dots{} 'last line' .
45 @cmd{ADD DOCUMENT} adds one or more lines of descriptive commentary to
46 the active file. Documents added in this way are saved to system files.
47 They can be viewed using @cmd{SYSFILE INFO} or @cmd{DISPLAY
48 DOCUMENTS}. They can be removed from the active file with @cmd{DROP
51 Each line of documentary text must be enclosed in quotation marks, and
52 may not be more than 80 bytes long. @xref{DOCUMENT}.
58 @cindex changing directory
64 @cmd{CD} changes the current directory. The new directory will become that specified by the command.
72 Two possibles syntaxes:
73 COMMENT comment text @dots{} .
74 *comment text @dots{} .
77 @cmd{COMMENT} is ignored. It is used to provide information to
78 the author and other readers of the PSPP syntax file.
80 @cmd{COMMENT} can extend over any number of lines. Don't forget to
81 terminate it with a dot or a blank line.
90 DOCUMENT @var{documentary_text}.
93 @cmd{DOCUMENT} adds one or more lines of descriptive commentary to the
94 active file. Documents added in this way are saved to system files.
95 They can be viewed using @cmd{SYSFILE INFO} or @cmd{DISPLAY
96 DOCUMENTS}. They can be removed from the active file with @cmd{DROP
99 Specify the @var{documentary text} following the DOCUMENT keyword.
100 It is interpreted literally --- any quotes or other punctuation marks
101 will be included in the file.
102 You can extend the documentary text over as many lines as necessary.
103 Lines are truncated at 80 bytes. Don't forget to terminate
104 the command with a dot or a blank line. @xref{ADD DOCUMENT}.
106 @node DISPLAY DOCUMENTS
107 @section DISPLAY DOCUMENTS
108 @vindex DISPLAY DOCUMENTS
114 @cmd{DISPLAY DOCUMENTS} displays the documents in the active file. Each
115 document is preceded by a line giving the time and date that it was
116 added. @xref{DOCUMENT}.
118 @node DISPLAY FILE LABEL
119 @section DISPLAY FILE LABEL
120 @vindex DISPLAY FILE LABEL
126 @cmd{DISPLAY FILE LABEL} displays the file label contained in the
128 if any. @xref{FILE LABEL}.
130 This command is a PSPP extension.
133 @section DROP DOCUMENTS
134 @vindex DROP DOCUMENTS
140 @cmd{DROP DOCUMENTS} removes all documents from the active file.
141 New documents can be added with @cmd{DOCUMENT} (@pxref{DOCUMENT}).
143 @cmd{DROP DOCUMENTS} changes only the active file. It does not modify any
144 system files stored on disk.
151 ECHO 'arbitrary text' .
154 Use @cmd{ECHO} to write arbitrary text to the output stream. The text should be enclosed in quotation marks following the normal rules for string tokens (@pxref{Tokens}).
157 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
162 ERASE FILE file_name.
165 @cmd{ERASE FILE} deletes a file from the local filesystem.
166 file_name must be quoted.
167 This command cannot be used if the SAFER setting is active.
178 @cmd{EXECUTE} causes the active file to be read and all pending
179 transformations to be executed.
186 FILE LABEL file_label.
189 @cmd{FILE LABEL} provides a title for the active file. This
190 title will be saved into system files and portable files that are
191 created during this PSPP run.
193 file_label need not be quoted. If quotes are
194 included, they become part of the file label.
204 @cmd{FINISH} terminates the current PSPP session and returns
205 control to the operating system.
208 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
216 @cmd{HOST} suspends the current PSPP session and temporarily returns control
217 to the operating system.
218 This command cannot be used if the SAFER setting is active.
226 INCLUDE [FILE=]'file-name'.
229 @cmd{INCLUDE} causes the PSPP command processor to read an
230 additional command file as if it were included bodily in the current
232 If errors are encountered in the included file, then command processing will
233 stop and no more commands will be processed.
234 Include files may be nested to any depth, up to the limit of available
238 The @cmd{INSERT} command (@pxref{INSERT}) may be used instead of
239 @cmd{INCLUDE} if you require more flexible options.
242 INCLUDE FILE=@var{file-name}.
245 functions identically to
247 INSERT FILE=@var{file-name} ERROR=STOP CD=NO SYNTAX=BATCH.
256 INSERT [FILE=]'file-name'
258 [ERROR=@{CONTINUE,STOP@}]
259 [SYNTAX=@{BATCH,INTERACTIVE@}].
262 @cmd{INSERT} is similar to @cmd{INCLUDE} (@pxref{INCLUDE})
263 but somewhat more flexible.
264 It causes the command processor to read a file as if it were embedded in the
265 current command file.
267 If @samp{CD=YES} is specified, then before including the file, the
268 current directory will be changed to the directory of the included
270 The default setting is @samp{CD=NO}.
271 Note that this directory will remain current until it is
272 changed explicitly (with the @cmd{CD} command, or a subsequent
273 @cmd{INSERT} command with the @samp{CD=YES} option).
274 It will not revert to its original setting even after the included
275 file is finished processing.
277 If @samp{ERROR=STOP} is specified, errors encountered in the
278 inserted file will cause processing to immediately cease.
279 Otherwise processing will continue at the next command.
280 The default setting is @samp{ERROR=CONTINUE}.
282 If @samp{SYNTAX=INTERACTIVE} is specified then the syntax contained in
283 the included file must conform to interactive syntax
284 conventions. @xref{Syntax Variants}.
285 The default setting is @samp{SYNTAX=BATCH}.
292 @cindex changing file permissions
297 /PERMISSIONS = @{READONLY,WRITEABLE@}.
300 @cmd{PERMISSIONS} changes the permissions of a file.
301 There is one mandatory subcommand which specifies the permissions to
302 which the file should be changed.
303 If you set a file's permission to READONLY, then the file will become
304 unwritable either by you or anyone else on the system.
305 If you set the permission to WRITEABLE, then the file will become
306 writeable by you; the permissions afforded to others will be
308 This command cannot be used if the SAFER setting is active.
319 /BLANKS=@{SYSMIS,'.',number@}
320 /DECIMAL=@{DOT,COMMA@}
322 /EPOCH=@{AUTOMATIC,year@}
323 /RIB=@{NATIVE,MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST,VAX@}
324 /RRB=@{NATIVE,ISL,ISB,IDL,IDB,VF,VD,VG,ZS,ZL@}
331 /CPROMPT='cprompt_string'
332 /DPROMPT='dprompt_string'
333 /ERRORBREAK=@{OFF,ON@}
335 /MXWARNS=max_warnings
340 /MITERATE=max_iterations
344 /SEED=@{RANDOM,seed_value@}
345 /UNDEFINED=@{WARN,NOWARN@}
348 /CC@{A,B,C,D,E@}=@{'npre,pre,suf,nsuf','npre.pre.suf.nsuf'@}
349 /DECIMAL=@{DOT,COMMA@}
351 /WIB=@{NATIVE,MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST,VAX@}
352 /WRB=@{NATIVE,ISL,ISB,IDL,IDB,VF,VD,VG,ZS,ZL@}
356 /ERRORS=@{ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE@}
358 /MESSAGES=@{ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE@}
359 /PRINTBACK=@{ON,OFF@}
360 /RESULTS=@{ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE@}
362 (output driver options)
363 /HEADERS=@{NO,YES,BLANK@}
364 /LENGTH=@{NONE,length_in_lines@}
365 /LISTING=@{ON,OFF,'file-name'@}
367 /WIDTH=@{NARROW,WIDTH,n_characters@}
370 /JOURNAL=@{ON,OFF@} ['file-name']
373 /COMPRESSION=@{ON,OFF@}
374 /SCOMPRESSION=@{ON,OFF@}
379 (obsolete settings accepted for compatibility, but ignored)
380 /BOXSTRING=@{'xxx','xxxxxxxxxxx'@}
381 /CASE=@{UPPER,UPLOW@}
386 /LOWRES=@{AUTO,ON,OFF@}
388 /MENUS=@{STANDARD,EXTENDED@}
391 /TB1=@{'xxx','xxxxxxxxxxx'@}
393 /WORKSPACE=workspace_size
397 @cmd{SET} allows the user to adjust several parameters relating to
398 PSPP's execution. Since there are many subcommands to this command, its
399 subcommands will be examined in groups.
401 On subcommands that take boolean values, ON and YES are synonym, and
402 as are OFF and NO, when used as subcommand values.
404 The data input subcommands affect the way that data is read from data
405 files. The data input subcommands are
410 This is the value assigned to an item data item that is empty or
411 contains only white space. An argument of SYSMIS or '.' will cause the
412 system-missing value to be assigned to null items. This is the
413 default. Any real value may be assigned.
417 The default DOT setting causes the decimal point character to be
418 @samp{.} and the grouping character to be @samp{,}. A setting of COMMA
419 causes the decimal point character to be @samp{,} and the grouping
420 character to be @samp{.}.
423 Allows the default numeric input/output format to be specified. The
424 default is F8.2. @xref{Input and Output Formats}.
428 Specifies the range of years used when a 2-digit year is read from a
429 data file or used in a date construction expression (@pxref{Date
430 Construction}). If a 4-digit year is specified for the epoch, then
431 2-digit years are interpreted starting from that year, known as the
432 epoch. If AUTOMATIC (the default) is specified, then the epoch begins
433 69 years before the current date.
438 PSPP extension to set the byte ordering (endianness) used for reading
439 data in IB or PIB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric
440 Formats}). In MSBFIRST ordering, the most-significant byte appears at
441 the left end of a IB or PIB field. In LSBFIRST ordering, the
442 least-significant byte appears at the left end. VAX ordering is like
443 MSBFIRST, except that each pair of bytes is in reverse order. NATIVE,
444 the default, is equivalent to MSBFIRST or LSBFIRST depending on the
445 native format of the machine running PSPP.
450 PSPP extension to set the floating-point format used for reading data in
451 RB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats}). The
456 The native format of the machine running PSPP. Equivalent to either IDL
460 32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating point, in little-endian byte
464 32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating point, in big-endian byte
468 64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating point, in little-endian byte
472 64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating point, in big-endian byte
476 32-bit VAX F format, in VAX-endian byte order.
479 64-bit VAX D format, in VAX-endian byte order.
482 64-bit VAX G format, in VAX-endian byte order.
485 32-bit IBM Z architecture short format hexadecimal floating point, in
486 big-endian byte order.
489 64-bit IBM Z architecture long format hexadecimal floating point, in
490 big-endian byte order.
492 Z architecture also supports IEEE 754 floating point. The ZS and ZL
493 formats are only for use with very old input files.
495 The default is NATIVE.
498 Program input subcommands affect the way that programs are parsed when
499 they are typed interactively or run from a command file. They are
503 This is a single character indicating the end of a command. The default
504 is @samp{.}. Don't change this.
507 Whether a blank line is interpreted as ending the current command. The
511 Interaction subcommands affect the way that PSPP interacts with an
512 online user. The interaction subcommands are
516 The command continuation prompt. The default is @samp{ > }.
519 Prompt used when expecting data input within @cmd{BEGIN DATA} (@pxref{BEGIN
520 DATA}). The default is @samp{data> }.
523 Whether an error causes PSPP to stop processing the current command
524 file after finishing the current command. The default is OFF.
527 The maximum number of errors before PSPP halts processing of the current
528 command file. The default is 50.
531 The maximum number of warnings + errors before PSPP halts processing the
532 current command file. The default is 100.
535 The command prompt. The default is @samp{PSPP> }.
538 Program execution subcommands control the way that PSPP commands
539 execute. The program execution subcommands are
549 The maximum number of iterations for an uncontrolled loop (@pxref{LOOP}).
552 The initial pseudo-random number seed. Set to a real number or to
553 RANDOM, which will obtain an initial seed from the current time of day.
559 Data output subcommands affect the format of output data. These
568 @anchor{CCx Settings}
570 Set up custom currency formats. @xref{Custom Currency Formats}, for
574 The default DOT setting causes the decimal point character to be
575 @samp{.}. A setting of COMMA causes the decimal point character to be
579 Allows the default numeric input/output format to be specified. The
580 default is F8.2. @xref{Input and Output Formats}.
585 PSPP extension to set the byte ordering (endianness) used for writing
586 data in IB or PIB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric
587 Formats}). In MSBFIRST ordering, the most-significant byte appears at
588 the left end of a IB or PIB field. In LSBFIRST ordering, the
589 least-significant byte appears at the left end. VAX ordering is like
590 MSBFIRST, except that each pair of bytes is in reverse order. NATIVE,
591 the default, is equivalent to MSBFIRST or LSBFIRST depending on the
592 native format of the machine running PSPP.
597 PSPP extension to set the floating-point format used for writing data in
598 RB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats}). The choices
599 are the same as SET RIB. The default is NATIVE.
602 Output routing subcommands affect where the output of transformations
603 and procedures is sent. These subcommands are
608 If turned on, commands are written to the listing file as they are read
609 from command files. The default is OFF.
619 Output driver option subcommands affect output drivers' settings. These
639 Logging subcommands affect logging of commands executed to external
640 files. These subcommands are
645 These subcommands, which are synonyms, control the journal. The
646 default is ON, which causes commands entered interactively to be
647 written to the journal file. Commands included from syntax files that
648 are included interactively and error messages printed by PSPP are also
649 written to the journal file, prefixed by @samp{>}. OFF disables use
652 The journal is named @file{pspp.jnl} by default. A different name may
656 System file subcommands affect the default format of system files
657 produced by PSPP. These subcommands are
664 Whether system files created by @cmd{SAVE} or @cmd{XSAVE} are
665 compressed by default. The default is ON.
668 Security subcommands affect the operations that commands are allowed to
669 perform. The security subcommands are
673 Setting this option disables the following operations:
681 The PERMISSIONS command.
683 Pipes (file names beginning or ending with @samp{|}).
686 Be aware that this setting does not guarantee safety (commands can still
687 overwrite files, for instance) but it is an improvement.
688 When set, this setting cannot be reset during the same session, for
689 obvious security reasons.
693 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
722 @cmd{SHOW} can be used to display the current state of PSPP's execution
723 parameters. Parameters that can be changed using @cmd{SET}
724 (@pxref{SET}), can be examined using @cmd{SHOW} using the subcommand
725 with the same name. @code{SHOW} supports the following additional
732 Show all custom currency settings (CCA through CCE).
734 Show details of the lack of warranty for PSPP.
736 Display the terms of PSPP's copyright licence (@pxref{License}).
739 Specifying @cmd{SHOW} without any subcommands is equivalent to SHOW ALL.
746 SUBTITLE 'subtitle_string'.
748 SUBTITLE subtitle_string.
751 @cmd{SUBTITLE} provides a subtitle to a particular PSPP
752 run. This subtitle appears at the top of each output page below the
753 title, if headers are enabled on the output device.
755 Specify a subtitle as a string in quotes. The alternate syntax that did
756 not require quotes is now obsolete. If it is used then the subtitle is
757 converted to all uppercase.
764 TITLE 'title_string'.
769 @cmd{TITLE} provides a title to a particular PSPP run.
770 This title appears at the top of each output page, if headers are enabled
771 on the output device.
773 Specify a title as a string in quotes. The alternate syntax that did
774 not require quotes is now obsolete. If it is used then the title is
775 converted to all uppercase.