1 @c PSPP - a program for statistical analysis.
2 @c Copyright (C) 2017, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 @c Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
4 @c under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
5 @c or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
6 @c with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
7 @c A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
8 @c Free Documentation License".
13 Commands that don't fit any other category are placed here.
15 Most of these commands are not affected by commands like @cmd{IF} and
17 they take effect only once, unconditionally, at the time that they are
18 encountered in the input.
21 * ADD DOCUMENT:: Add documentary text to the active dataset.
22 * CACHE:: Ignored for compatibility.
23 * CD:: Change the current directory.
24 * COMMENT:: Document your syntax file.
25 * DOCUMENT:: Document the active dataset.
26 * DISPLAY DOCUMENTS:: Display active dataset documents.
27 * DISPLAY FILE LABEL:: Display the active dataset label.
28 * DROP DOCUMENTS:: Remove documents from the active dataset.
29 * ECHO:: Write a string to the output stream.
30 * ERASE:: Erase a file.
31 * EXECUTE:: Execute pending transformations.
32 * FILE LABEL:: Set the active dataset's label.
33 * FINISH:: Terminate the @pspp{} session.
34 * HOST:: Temporarily return to the operating system.
35 * INCLUDE:: Include a file within the current one.
36 * INSERT:: Insert a file within the current one.
37 * OUTPUT:: Modify the appearance of the output.
38 * PERMISSIONS:: Change permissions on a file.
39 * PRESERVE and RESTORE:: Saving settings and restoring them later.
40 * SET:: Adjust @pspp{} runtime parameters.
41 * SHOW:: Display runtime parameters.
42 * SUBTITLE:: Provide a document subtitle.
43 * TITLE:: Provide a document title.
52 'line one' 'line two' @dots{} 'last line' .
56 @cmd{ADD DOCUMENT} adds one or more lines of descriptive commentary to
57 the active dataset. Documents added in this way are saved to system files.
58 They can be viewed using @cmd{SYSFILE INFO} or @cmd{DISPLAY
59 DOCUMENTS}. They can be removed from the active dataset with @cmd{DROP
62 Each line of documentary text must be enclosed in quotation marks, and
63 may not be more than 80 bytes long. @xref{DOCUMENT}.
73 This command is accepted, for compatibility, but it has no effect.
79 @cindex changing directory
85 @cmd{CD} changes the current directory. The new directory becomes
86 that specified by the command.
95 COMMENT comment text @dots{} .
96 *comment text @dots{} .
98 Comments within a line of syntax:
99 FREQUENCIES /VARIABLES=v0 v1 v2. /* All our categorical variables.
102 @cmd{COMMENT} is ignored. It is used to provide information to
103 the author and other readers of the @pspp{} syntax file.
105 @cmd{COMMENT} can extend over any number of lines. It ends at a dot
106 at the end of a line or a blank line. The comment may contain any
109 PSPP also supports comments within a line of syntax, introduced with
110 @samp{/*}. These comments end at the first @samp{*/} or at the end of
111 the line, whichever comes first. A line that contains just this kind
112 of comment is considered blank and ends the current command.
119 DOCUMENT @var{documentary_text}.
122 @cmd{DOCUMENT} adds one or more lines of descriptive commentary to the
123 active dataset. Documents added in this way are saved to system files.
124 They can be viewed using @cmd{SYSFILE INFO} or @cmd{DISPLAY
125 DOCUMENTS}. They can be removed from the active dataset with @cmd{DROP
128 Specify the @var{documentary text} following the @subcmd{DOCUMENT} keyword.
129 It is interpreted literally---any quotes or other punctuation marks
130 are included in the file.
131 You can extend the documentary text over as many lines as necessary,
132 including blank lines to separate paragraphs.
133 Lines are truncated at 80 bytes. Don't forget to terminate
134 the command with a dot at the end of a line. @xref{ADD DOCUMENT}.
136 @node DISPLAY DOCUMENTS
137 @section DISPLAY DOCUMENTS
138 @vindex DISPLAY DOCUMENTS
144 @cmd{DISPLAY DOCUMENTS} displays the documents in the active dataset. Each
145 document is preceded by a line giving the time and date that it was
146 added. @xref{DOCUMENT}.
148 @node DISPLAY FILE LABEL
149 @section DISPLAY FILE LABEL
150 @vindex DISPLAY FILE LABEL
156 @cmd{DISPLAY FILE LABEL} displays the file label contained in the
158 if any. @xref{FILE LABEL}.
160 This command is a @pspp{} extension.
163 @section DROP DOCUMENTS
164 @vindex DROP DOCUMENTS
170 @cmd{DROP DOCUMENTS} removes all documents from the active dataset.
171 New documents can be added with @cmd{DOCUMENT} (@pxref{DOCUMENT}).
173 @cmd{DROP DOCUMENTS} changes only the active dataset. It does not modify any
174 system files stored on disk.
181 ECHO 'arbitrary text' .
184 Use @cmd{ECHO} to write arbitrary text to the output stream. The text should be enclosed in quotation marks following the normal rules for string tokens (@pxref{Tokens}).
191 ERASE FILE @var{file_name}.
194 @cmd{ERASE FILE} deletes a file from the local file system.
195 @var{file_name} must be quoted.
196 This command cannot be used if the SAFER (@pxref{SET}) setting is active.
207 @cmd{EXECUTE} causes the active dataset to be read and all pending
208 transformations to be executed.
215 FILE LABEL @var{file_label}.
218 @cmd{FILE LABEL} provides a title for the active dataset. This
219 title is saved into system files and portable files that are
220 created during this @pspp{} run.
222 @var{file_label} should not be quoted.
223 If quotes are included, they are literally interpreted and become part of the file label.
233 @cmd{FINISH} terminates the current @pspp{} session and returns
234 control to the operating system.
240 In the syntax below, the square brackets must be included in the
241 command syntax and do not indicate that that their contents are
245 HOST COMMAND=['@var{command}'...]
246 TIMELIMIT=@var{secs}.
249 @cmd{HOST} executes one or more commands, each provided as a string in
250 the required @subcmd{COMMAND} subcommand, in the shell of the
251 underlying operating system. PSPP runs each command in a separate
252 shell process and waits for it to finish before running the next one.
253 If a command fails (with a nonzero exit status, or because it is
254 killed by a signal), then PSPP does not run any remaining commands.
256 PSPP provides @file{/dev/null} as the shell's standard input. If a
257 process needs to read from stdin, redirect from a file or device, or
260 PSPP displays the shell's standard output and standard error as PSPP
261 output. Redirect to a file or @code{/dev/null} or another device if
264 The following example runs @code{rsync} to copy a file from a remote
265 server to the local file @file{data.txt}, writing @code{rsync}'s own
266 output to @file{rsync-log.txt}. PSPP displays the command's error
267 output, if any. If @code{rsync} needs to prompt the user (@i{e.g.}@: to
268 obtain a password), the command fails. Only if the @code{rsync}
269 succeeds, PSPP then runs the @code{sha512sum} command.
272 HOST COMMAND=['rsync remote:data.txt data.txt > rsync-log.txt'
273 'sha512sum -c data.txt.sha512sum].
276 By default, PSPP waits as long as necessary for the series of commands
277 to complete. Use the optional @subcmd{TIMELIMIT} subcommand to limit
278 the execution time to the specified number of seconds.
280 PSPP built for mingw does not support all the features of
283 PSPP rejects this command if the SAFER (@pxref{SET}) setting is
291 INCLUDE [FILE=]'@var{file_name}' [ENCODING='@var{encoding}'].
294 @cmd{INCLUDE} causes the @pspp{} command processor to read an
295 additional command file as if it were included bodily in the current
297 If errors are encountered in the included file, then command
298 processing stops and no more commands are processed.
299 Include files may be nested to any depth, up to the limit of available
302 The @cmd{INSERT} command (@pxref{INSERT}) is a more flexible
303 alternative to @cmd{INCLUDE}. An @cmd{INCLUDE} command acts the same as
304 @cmd{INSERT} with @subcmd{ERROR=STOP CD=NO SYNTAX=BATCH} specified.
306 The optional @subcmd{ENCODING} subcommand has the same meaning as with @cmd{INSERT}.
313 INSERT [FILE=]'@var{file_name}'
315 [ERROR=@{CONTINUE,STOP@}]
316 [SYNTAX=@{BATCH,INTERACTIVE@}]
317 [ENCODING=@{LOCALE, '@var{charset_name}'@}].
320 @cmd{INSERT} is similar to @cmd{INCLUDE} (@pxref{INCLUDE})
321 but somewhat more flexible.
322 It causes the command processor to read a file as if it were embedded in the
323 current command file.
325 If @subcmd{CD=YES} is specified, then before including the file, the
326 current directory becomes the directory of the included
328 The default setting is @samp{CD=NO}.
329 Note that this directory remains current until it is
330 changed explicitly (with the @cmd{CD} command, or a subsequent
331 @cmd{INSERT} command with the @samp{CD=YES} option).
332 It does not revert to its original setting even after the included
333 file is finished processing.
335 If @subcmd{ERROR=STOP} is specified, errors encountered in the
336 inserted file causes processing to immediately cease.
337 Otherwise processing continues at the next command.
338 The default setting is @subcmd{ERROR=CONTINUE}.
340 If @subcmd{SYNTAX=INTERACTIVE} is specified then the syntax contained in
341 the included file must conform to interactive syntax
342 conventions. @xref{Syntax Variants}.
343 The default setting is @subcmd{SYNTAX=BATCH}.
345 @subcmd{ENCODING} optionally specifies the character set used by the included
346 file. Its argument, which is not case-sensitive, must be in one of
350 @item @subcmd{LOCALE}
351 The encoding used by the system locale, or as overridden by the
352 @cmd{SET} command (@pxref{SET}). On GNU/Linux and other Unix-like systems,
353 environment variables, @i{e.g.}@: @env{LANG} or @env{LC_ALL}, determine the
356 @item @var{charset_name}
357 One of the character set names listed by @acronym{IANA} at
358 @uref{http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets}. Some examples
359 are @code{ASCII} (United States), @code{ISO-8859-1} (western Europe),
360 @code{EUC-JP} (Japan), and @code{windows-1252} (Windows). Not all
361 systems support all character sets.
363 @item @code{Auto,@var{encoding}}
364 Automatically detects whether a syntax file is encoded in an Unicode
365 encoding such as UTF-8, UTF-16, or UTF-32. If it is not, then @pspp{}
366 generally assumes that the file is encoded in @var{encoding} (an @acronym{IANA}
367 character set name). However, if @var{encoding} is UTF-8, and the
368 syntax file is not valid UTF-8, @pspp{} instead assumes that the file
369 is encoded in @code{windows-1252}.
371 For best results, @var{encoding} should be an @acronym{ASCII}-compatible
372 encoding (the most common locale encodings are all @acronym{ASCII}-compatible),
373 because encodings that are not @acronym{ASCII} compatible cannot be
374 automatically distinguished from UTF-8.
377 @item @code{Auto,Locale}
378 Automatic detection, as above, with the default encoding taken from
379 the system locale or the setting on @subcmd{SET LOCALE}.
382 When ENCODING is not specified, the default is taken from the
383 @option{--syntax-encoding} command option, if it was specified, and
384 otherwise it is @code{Auto}.
389 @cindex precision, of output
390 @cindex decimal places
395 /TABLECELLS SELECT = [ @var{class}... ]
396 FORMAT = @var{fmt_spec}.
398 @note{In the above synopsis the characters @samp{[} and @samp{]} are literals.
399 They must appear in the syntax to be interpreted.}
401 @cmd{OUTPUT} changes the appearance of the tables in which results are
402 printed. In particular, it can be used to set the format and precision
403 to which results are displayed.
405 After running this command, the default table appearance parameters
406 will have been modified and each new output table generated uses
409 Following @code{/TABLECELLS SELECT =} a list of cell classes must
410 appear, enclosed in square brackets. This list determines the classes
411 of values should be selected for modification. Each class can be:
415 Residual values. Default: @t{F40.2}.
418 Correlations. Default: @t{F40.3}.
421 Percentages. Default: @t{PCT40.1}.
424 Significance of tests (p-values). Default: @t{F40.3}.
427 Counts or sums of weights. For a weighted data set, the default is
428 the weight variable's print format. For an unweighted data set, the
432 For most other numeric values that appear in tables, @code{SET FORMAT}
433 may be used to specify the format (@pxref{SET FORMAT}).
435 The value of @var{fmt_spec} must be a valid output format (@pxref{Input and Output Formats}).
436 Note that not all possible formats are meaningful for all classes.
443 @cindex changing file permissions
447 FILE='@var{file_name}'
448 /PERMISSIONS = @{READONLY,WRITEABLE@}.
451 @cmd{PERMISSIONS} changes the permissions of a file.
452 There is one mandatory subcommand which specifies the permissions to
453 which the file should be changed.
454 If you set a file's permission to @subcmd{READONLY}, then the file
455 will become unwritable either by you or anyone else on the system.
456 If you set the permission to @subcmd{WRITEABLE}, then the file becomes
457 writeable by you; the permissions afforded to others are unchanged.
458 This command cannot be used if the @subcmd{SAFER} (@pxref{SET})
462 @node PRESERVE and RESTORE
463 @section PRESERVE and RESTORE
473 @cmd{PRESERVE} saves all of the settings that @cmd{SET} (@pxref{SET})
474 can adjust. A later @cmd{RESTORE} command restores those settings.
476 @cmd{PRESERVE} can be nested up to five levels deep.
486 /BLANKS=@{SYSMIS,'.',number@}
487 /DECIMAL=@{DOT,COMMA@}
488 /FORMAT=@var{fmt_spec}
489 /EPOCH=@{AUTOMATIC,@var{year}@}
490 /RIB=@{NATIVE,MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST,VAX@}
491 /RRB=@{NATIVE,ISL,ISB,IDL,IDB,VF,VD,VG,ZS,ZL@}
494 /MXERRS=@var{max_errs}
495 /MXWARNS=@var{max_warnings}
496 /WORKSPACE=@var{workspace_size}
499 /LOCALE='@var{locale}'
500 /MXLOOPS=@var{max_loops}
501 /SEED=@{RANDOM,@var{seed_value}@}
502 /UNDEFINED=@{WARN,NOWARN@}
503 /FUZZBITS=@var{fuzzbits}
506 /CC@{A,B,C,D,E@}=@{'@var{npre},@var{pre},@var{suf},@var{nsuf}','@var{npre}.@var{pre}.@var{suf}.@var{nsuf}'@}
507 /DECIMAL=@{DOT,COMMA@}
508 /FORMAT=@var{fmt_spec}
509 /MDISPLAY=@{TEXT,TABLES@}
511 /WIB=@{NATIVE,MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST,VAX@}
512 /WRB=@{NATIVE,ISL,ISB,IDL,IDB,VF,VD,VG,ZS,ZL@}
515 /ERRORS=@{ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE@}
516 /MESSAGES=@{ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE@}
517 /PRINTBACK=@{ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE@}
518 /RESULTS=@{ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE@}
520 (output driver options)
521 /HEADERS=@{NO,YES,BLANK@}
522 /LENGTH=@{NONE,@var{n_lines}@}
523 /WIDTH=@{NARROW,WIDTH,@var{n_characters}@}
524 /TNUMBERS=@{VALUES,LABELS,BOTH@}
525 /TVARS=@{NAMES,LABELS,BOTH@}
526 /TLOOK=@{NONE,@var{file}@}
529 /JOURNAL=@{ON,OFF@} ['@var{file_name}']
532 /SCOMPRESSION=@{ON,OFF@}
536 /LOCALE='@var{string}'
541 /MITERATE=@var{number}
544 (settings not yet implemented, but accepted and ignored)
545 /BASETEXTDIRECTION=@{AUTOMATIC,RIGHTTOLEFT,LEFTTORIGHT@}
547 /BOX=@{'@var{xxx}','@var{xxxxxxxxxxx}'@}
549 /CELLSBREAK=@var{number}
550 /COMPRESSION=@{ON,OFF@}
552 /HEADER=@{NO,YES,BLANK@}
555 @cmd{SET} allows the user to adjust several parameters relating to
556 @pspp{}'s execution. Since there are many subcommands to this command, its
557 subcommands are examined in groups.
559 For subcommands that take boolean values, @subcmd{ON} and @subcmd{YES} are synonymous,
560 as are @subcmd{OFF} and @subcmd{NO}, when used as subcommand values.
562 The data input subcommands affect the way that data is read from data
563 files. The data input subcommands are
568 This is the value assigned to an item data item that is empty or
569 contains only white space. An argument of SYSMIS or '.' causes the
570 system-missing value to be assigned to null items. This is the
571 default. Any real value may be assigned.
575 This value may be set to @subcmd{DOT} or @subcmd{COMMA}.
576 Setting it to @subcmd{DOT} causes the decimal point character to be
577 @samp{.} and the grouping character to be @samp{,}.
578 Setting it to @subcmd{COMMA}
579 causes the decimal point character to be @samp{,} and the grouping
580 character to be @samp{.}.
581 If the setting is @subcmd{COMMA}, then @samp{,} is not treated
582 as a field separator in the @cmd{DATA LIST} command (@pxref{DATA LIST}).
583 The default value is determined from the system locale.
587 Allows the default numeric input/output format to be specified. The
588 default is F8.2. @xref{Input and Output Formats}.
592 Specifies the range of years used when a 2-digit year is read from a
593 data file or used in a date construction expression (@pxref{Date
594 Construction}). If a 4-digit year is specified for the epoch, then
595 2-digit years are interpreted starting from that year, known as the
596 epoch. If @subcmd{AUTOMATIC} (the default) is specified, then the epoch begins
597 69 years before the current date.
602 @pspp{} extension to set the byte ordering (endianness) used for reading
603 data in IB or PIB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric
604 Formats}). In @subcmd{MSBFIRST} ordering, the most-significant byte appears at
605 the left end of a IB or PIB field. In @subcmd{LSBFIRST} ordering, the
606 least-significant byte appears at the left end. @subcmd{VAX} ordering is like
607 @subcmd{MSBFIRST}, except that each pair of bytes is in reverse order. @subcmd{NATIVE},
608 the default, is equivalent to @subcmd{MSBFIRST} or @subcmd{LSBFIRST} depending on the
609 native format of the machine running @pspp{}.
614 @pspp{} extension to set the floating-point format used for reading data in
615 RB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats}). The
620 The native format of the machine running @pspp{}. Equivalent to either IDL
624 32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating point, in little-endian byte
628 32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating point, in big-endian byte
632 64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating point, in little-endian byte
636 64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating point, in big-endian byte
640 32-bit VAX F format, in VAX-endian byte order.
643 64-bit VAX D format, in VAX-endian byte order.
646 64-bit VAX G format, in VAX-endian byte order.
649 32-bit IBM Z architecture short format hexadecimal floating point, in
650 big-endian byte order.
653 64-bit IBM Z architecture long format hexadecimal floating point, in
654 big-endian byte order.
656 Z architecture also supports IEEE 754 floating point. The ZS and ZL
657 formats are only for use with very old input files.
659 The default is NATIVE.
662 Interaction subcommands affect the way that @pspp{} interacts with an
663 online user. The interaction subcommands are
667 The maximum number of errors before @pspp{} halts processing of the current
668 command file. The default is 50.
671 The maximum number of warnings + errors before @pspp{} halts processing the
672 current command file.
673 The special value of zero means that all warning situations should be ignored.
674 No warnings are issued, except a single initial warning advising you
675 that warnings will not be given.
676 The default value is 100.
679 Syntax execution subcommands control the way that @pspp{} commands
680 execute. The syntax execution subcommands are
684 Overrides the system locale for the purpose of reading and writing
685 syntax and data files. The argument should be a locale name in the
686 general form @code{@var{language}_@var{country}.@var{encoding}}, where @var{language}
687 and @var{country} are 2-character language and country abbreviations,
688 respectively, and @var{encoding} is an @acronym{IANA} character set name.
689 Example locales are @code{en_US.UTF-8} (UTF-8 encoded English as
690 spoken in the United States) and @code{ja_JP.EUC-JP} (EUC-JP encoded
691 Japanese as spoken in Japan).
696 The maximum number of iterations for an uncontrolled loop
697 (@pxref{LOOP}), and for any loop in the matrix language (@pxref{Matrix
698 LOOP and BREAK Commands}). The default @var{max_loops} is 40.
702 The initial pseudo-random number seed. Set it to a real number or to
703 RANDOM, to obtain an initial seed from the current time of day.
709 @anchor{SET FUZZBITS}
710 The maximum number of bits of errors in the least-significant places
711 to accept for rounding up a value that is almost halfway between two
712 possibilities for rounding with the RND operator (@pxref{Miscellaneous
713 Mathematics}). The default @var{fuzzbits} is 6.
716 The maximum amount of memory (in kilobytes) that @pspp{} uses to
717 store data being processed. If memory in excess of the workspace size
718 is required, then @pspp{} starts to use temporary files to store
719 the data. Setting a higher value means that procedures
720 run faster, but may cause other applications to run slower.
721 On platforms without virtual memory management, setting a very large
722 workspace may cause @pspp{} to abort.
724 @cindex memory, amount used to store cases
727 Data output subcommands affect the format of output data. These
736 @anchor{CCx Settings}
738 Set up custom currency formats. @xref{Custom Currency Formats}, for
742 The default @subcmd{DOT} setting causes the decimal point character to be
743 @samp{.}. A setting of @subcmd{COMMA} causes the decimal point character to be
747 Allows the default numeric input/output format to be specified. The
748 default is F8.2. @xref{Input and Output Formats}.
751 @anchor{SET MDISPLAY}
753 Controls how the @code{PRINT} command within
754 @code{MATRIX}@dots{}@code{END MATRIX} outputs matrices. With the
755 default @subcmd{TEXT}, @code{PRINT} outputs matrices as text. Change
756 this setting to @code{TABLES} to instead output matrices as pivot
757 tables. @xref{Matrix PRINT Command}, for more information.
760 This controls how @pspp{} formats small numbers in pivot tables, in
761 cases where @pspp{} does not otherwise have a well-defined format for
762 the numbers. When such a number has a magnitude less than the value
763 set here, @pspp{} formats the number in scientific notation;
764 otherwise, it formats it in standard notation. The default is 0.0001.
765 Set a value of 0 to disable scientific notation.
770 @pspp{} extension to set the byte ordering (endianness) used for writing
771 data in IB or PIB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric
772 Formats}). In @subcmd{MSBFIRST} ordering, the most-significant byte appears at
773 the left end of a IB or PIB field. In @subcmd{LSBFIRST} ordering, the
774 least-significant byte appears at the left end. @subcmd{VAX} ordering is like
775 @subcmd{MSBFIRST}, except that each pair of bytes is in reverse order. @subcmd{NATIVE},
776 the default, is equivalent to @subcmd{MSBFIRST} or @subcmd{LSBFIRST} depending on the
777 native format of the machine running @pspp{}.
782 @pspp{} extension to set the floating-point format used for writing data in
783 RB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats}). The choices
784 are the same as @subcmd{SET RIB}. The default is @subcmd{NATIVE}.
787 In the @pspp{} text-based interface, the output routing subcommands
788 affect where output is sent. The following values are allowed for
789 each of these subcommands:
794 Discard this kind of output.
797 Write this output to the terminal, but not to listing files and other
801 Write this output to listing files and other output devices, but not
806 Write this type of output to all output devices.
809 These output routing subcommands are:
813 Applies to error and warning messages. The default is @subcmd{BOTH}.
816 Applies to notes. The default is @subcmd{BOTH}.
819 Determines whether the syntax used for input is printed back as part
820 of the output. The default is @subcmd{NONE}.
823 Applies to everything not in one of the above categories, such as the
824 results of statistical procedures. The default is @subcmd{BOTH}.
827 These subcommands have no effect on output in the @pspp{} GUI
830 Output driver option subcommands affect output drivers' settings. These
838 The @subcmd{TNUMBERS} option sets the way in which values are displayed in output tables.
839 The valid settings are @subcmd{VALUES}, @subcmd{LABELS} and @subcmd{BOTH}.
840 If @subcmd{TNUMBERS} is set to @subcmd{VALUES}, then all values are displayed with their literal value
841 (which for a numeric value is a number and for a string value an alphanumeric string).
842 If @subcmd{TNUMBERS} is set to @subcmd{LABELS}, then values are displayed using their assigned labels if any.
843 (@xref{VALUE LABELS}.)
844 If the value has no label, then the literal value is used for display.
845 If @subcmd{TNUMBERS} is set to @subcmd{BOTH}, then values are displayed with both their label
846 (if any) and their literal value in parentheses.
848 The @subcmd{TVARS} option sets the way in which variables are displayed in output tables.
849 The valid settings are @subcmd{NAMES}, @subcmd{LABELS} and @subcmd{BOTH}.
850 If @subcmd{TVARS} is set to @subcmd{NAMES}, then all variables are displayed using their names.
851 If @subcmd{TVARS} is set to @subcmd{LABELS}, then variables are displayed using their label if one
852 has been set. If no label has been set, then the name is used.
853 (@xref{VARIABLE LABELS}.)
854 If @subcmd{TVARS} is set to @subcmd{BOTH}, then variables are displayed with both their label
855 (if any) and their name in parentheses.
857 The @subcmd{TLOOK} option sets the style used for subsequent table
858 output. Specifying @subcmd{NONE} makes @pspp{} use the default
859 built-in style. Otherwise, specifying @var{file} makes @pspp{} search
860 for an @file{.stt} or @file{.tlo} file in the same way as specifying
861 @option{--table-look=@var{file}} the @pspp{} command line (@pxref{Main
872 Logging subcommands affect logging of commands executed to external
873 files. These subcommands are
878 These subcommands, which are synonyms, control the journal. The
879 default is @subcmd{ON}, which causes commands entered interactively to be
880 written to the journal file. Commands included from syntax files that
881 are included interactively and error messages printed by @pspp{} are also
882 written to the journal file, prefixed by @samp{>}. @subcmd{OFF} disables use
885 The journal is named @file{pspp.jnl} by default. A different name may
889 System file subcommands affect the default format of system files
890 produced by @pspp{}. These subcommands are
894 Whether system files created by @cmd{SAVE} or @cmd{XSAVE} are
895 compressed by default. The default is @subcmd{ON}.
898 Security subcommands affect the operations that commands are allowed to
899 perform. The security subcommands are
903 Setting this option disables the following operations:
907 The @cmd{ERASE} command.
909 The @cmd{HOST} command.
911 The @cmd{PERMISSIONS} command.
913 Pipes (file names beginning or ending with @samp{|}).
916 Be aware that this setting does not guarantee safety (commands can still
917 overwrite files, for instance) but it is an improvement.
918 When set, this setting cannot be reset during the same session, for
919 obvious security reasons.
923 @cindex encoding, characters
924 This item is used to set the default character encoding.
925 The encoding may be specified either as an encoding name or alias
926 (see @url{http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets}), or
928 If given as a locale name, only the character encoding of the
931 System files written by @pspp{} use this encoding.
932 System files read by @pspp{}, for which the encoding is unknown, are
933 interpreted using this encoding.
935 The full list of valid encodings and locale names/alias are operating system
937 The following are all examples of acceptable syntax on common GNU/Linux
940 SET LOCALE='iso-8859-1'.
942 SET LOCALE='ru_RU.cp1251'.
944 SET LOCALE='japanese'.
947 Contrary to intuition, this command does not affect any aspect
948 of the system's locale.
951 The following subcommands affect the interpretation of macros.
956 Controls whether macros are expanded. The default is ON.
960 Controls whether the expansion of macros is included in output. This
961 is separate from whether command syntax in general is included in
962 output. The default is OFF.
965 @anchor{SET MITERATE}
966 Limits the number of iterations executed in @code{!DO} loops within
967 macros. This does not affect other language constructs such as
968 @cmd{LOOP}. This must be set to a positive integer. The default is
973 Limits the number of levels of nested macro expansions. This must be
974 set to a positive integer. The default is 50.
977 The following subcommands are not yet implemented, but PSPP accepts
978 them and ignores the settings.
981 @item BASETEXTDIRECTION
1029 @cmd{SHOW} can be used to display the current state of @pspp{}'s execution
1030 parameters. Parameters that can be changed using @cmd{SET}
1031 (@pxref{SET}), can be examined using @cmd{SHOW} using the subcommand
1032 with the same name. @cmd{SHOW} supports the following additional
1039 Show all custom currency settings (@subcmd{CCA} through @subcmd{CCE}).
1040 @item @subcmd{DIRECTORY}
1041 Shows the current working directory.
1042 @item @subcmd{ENVIRONMENT}
1043 Shows the operating system details.
1045 Reports the number of cases in the active dataset. The reported number is not
1046 weighted. If no dataset is defined, then @samp{Unknown} is reported.
1047 @item @subcmd{TEMPDIR}
1048 Shows the path of the directory where temporary files are stored.
1049 @item @subcmd{VERSION}
1050 Shows the version of this installation of @pspp{}.
1051 @item @subcmd{WARRANTY}
1052 Show details of the lack of warranty for @pspp{}.
1053 @item @subcmd{COPYING} / @subcmd{LICENSE}
1054 Display the terms of @pspp{}'s copyright licence (@pxref{License}).
1057 Specifying @cmd{SHOW} without any subcommands is equivalent to @subcmd{SHOW ALL}.
1064 SUBTITLE '@var{subtitle_string}'.
1066 SUBTITLE @var{subtitle_string}.
1069 @cmd{SUBTITLE} provides a subtitle to a particular @pspp{}
1070 run. This subtitle appears at the top of each output page below the
1071 title, if headers are enabled on the output device.
1073 Specify a subtitle as a string in quotes. The alternate syntax that did
1074 not require quotes is now obsolete. If it is used then the subtitle is
1075 converted to all uppercase.
1082 TITLE '@var{title_string}'.
1084 TITLE @var{title_string}.
1087 @cmd{TITLE} provides a title to a particular @pspp{} run.
1088 This title appears at the top of each output page, if headers are enabled
1089 on the output device.
1091 Specify a title as a string in quotes. The alternate syntax that did
1092 not require quotes is now obsolete. If it is used then the title is
1093 converted to all uppercase.