thread: Do not disable interrupts unnecessarily while initializing stack.

[pintos-anon] / src / threads / thread.c

diff --git a/src/threads/thread.c b/src/threads/thread.c
index ae92e1d646dc50d50ce02d26747ca12a8bd82236..87f22b80607b4faba8ae2b1e9f93dc5d6659d8cc 100644 (file)
--- a/src/threads/thread.c
+++ b/src/threads/thread.c
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@
 #include "threads/flags.h"
 #include "threads/interrupt.h"
 #include "threads/intr-stubs.h"
 #include "threads/flags.h"
 #include "threads/interrupt.h"
 #include "threads/intr-stubs.h"

-#include "threads/mmu.h"

 #include "threads/palloc.h"
 #include "threads/switch.h"
 #include "threads/synch.h"
 #include "threads/palloc.h"
 #include "threads/switch.h"
 #include "threads/synch.h"

+#include "threads/vaddr.h"

 #ifdef USERPROG
 #include "userprog/process.h"
 #endif
 #ifdef USERPROG
 #include "userprog/process.h"
 #endif


@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@
    that are ready to run but not actually running. */
 static struct list ready_list;
 
    that are ready to run but not actually running. */
 static struct list ready_list;
 

+/* List of all processes.  Processes are added to this list
+   when they are first scheduled and removed when they exit. */
+static struct list all_list;
+

 /* Idle thread. */
 static struct thread *idle_thread;
 
 /* Idle thread. */
 static struct thread *idle_thread;
 


@@ -46,16 +50,25 @@ static long long idle_ticks;    /* # of timer ticks spent idle. */
 static long long kernel_ticks;  /* # of timer ticks in kernel threads. */
 static long long user_ticks;    /* # of timer ticks in user programs. */
 
 static long long kernel_ticks;  /* # of timer ticks in kernel threads. */
 static long long user_ticks;    /* # of timer ticks in user programs. */
 

+/* Scheduling. */
+#define TIME_SLICE 4            /* # of timer ticks to give each thread. */
+static unsigned thread_ticks;   /* # of timer ticks since last yield. */
+
+/* If false (default), use round-robin scheduler.
+   If true, use multi-level feedback queue scheduler.
+   Controlled by kernel command-line option "-o mlfqs". */
+bool thread_mlfqs;
+

 static void kernel_thread (thread_func *, void *aux);
 
 static void idle (void *aux UNUSED);
 static struct thread *running_thread (void);
 static struct thread *next_thread_to_run (void);
 static void init_thread (struct thread *, const char *name, int priority);
 static void kernel_thread (thread_func *, void *aux);
 
 static void idle (void *aux UNUSED);
 static struct thread *running_thread (void);
 static struct thread *next_thread_to_run (void);
 static void init_thread (struct thread *, const char *name, int priority);

-static bool is_thread (struct thread *);
+static bool is_thread (struct thread *) UNUSED;

 static void *alloc_frame (struct thread *, size_t size);
 static void schedule (void);
 static void *alloc_frame (struct thread *, size_t size);
 static void schedule (void);

-void schedule_tail (struct thread *prev);
+void thread_schedule_tail (struct thread *prev);

 static tid_t allocate_tid (void);
 
 /* Initializes the threading system by transforming the code
 static tid_t allocate_tid (void);
 
 /* Initializes the threading system by transforming the code


@@ -67,14 +80,18 @@ static tid_t allocate_tid (void);
 
    After calling this function, be sure to initialize the page
    allocator before trying to create any threads with
 
    After calling this function, be sure to initialize the page
    allocator before trying to create any threads with

-   thread_create(). */
+   thread_create().
+
+   It is not safe to call thread_current() until this function
+   finishes. */

 void
 thread_init (void) 
 {
   ASSERT (intr_get_level () == INTR_OFF);
 
 void
 thread_init (void) 
 {
   ASSERT (intr_get_level () == INTR_OFF);
 

-  lock_init (&tid_lock, "tid");
+  lock_init (&tid_lock);

   list_init (&ready_list);
   list_init (&ready_list);

+  list_init (&all_list);

 
   /* Set up a thread structure for the running thread. */
   initial_thread = running_thread ();
 
   /* Set up a thread structure for the running thread. */
   initial_thread = running_thread ();


@@ -88,16 +105,26 @@ thread_init (void)
 void
 thread_start (void) 
 {
 void
 thread_start (void) 
 {

-  thread_create ("idle", PRI_DEFAULT, idle, NULL);
+  /* Create the idle thread. */
+  struct semaphore idle_started;
+  sema_init (&idle_started, 0);
+  thread_create ("idle", PRI_MIN, idle, &idle_started);
+
+  /* Start preemptive thread scheduling. */

   intr_enable ();
   intr_enable ();

+
+  /* Wait for the idle thread to initialize idle_thread. */
+  sema_down (&idle_started);

 }
 
 }
 

-/* Called by the timer interrupt handler at each timer tick to
-   update statistics. */
+/* Called by the timer interrupt handler at each timer tick.
+   Thus, this function runs in an external interrupt context. */

 void
 thread_tick (void) 
 {
   struct thread *t = thread_current ();
 void
 thread_tick (void) 
 {
   struct thread *t = thread_current ();

+
+  /* Update statistics. */

   if (t == idle_thread)
     idle_ticks++;
 #ifdef USERPROG
   if (t == idle_thread)
     idle_ticks++;
 #ifdef USERPROG


@@ -106,6 +133,10 @@ thread_tick (void)
 #endif
   else
     kernel_ticks++;
 #endif
   else
     kernel_ticks++;

+
+  /* Enforce preemption. */
+  if (++thread_ticks >= TIME_SLICE)
+    intr_yield_on_return ();

 }
 
 /* Prints thread statistics. */
 }
 
 /* Prints thread statistics. */


@@ -165,6 +196,7 @@ thread_create (const char *name, int priority,
   /* Stack frame for switch_threads(). */
   sf = alloc_frame (t, sizeof *sf);
   sf->eip = switch_entry;
   /* Stack frame for switch_threads(). */
   sf = alloc_frame (t, sizeof *sf);
   sf->eip = switch_entry;

+  sf->ebp = 0;

 
   /* Add to run queue. */
   thread_unblock (t);
 
   /* Add to run queue. */
   thread_unblock (t);


@@ -190,7 +222,12 @@ thread_block (void)
 
 /* Transitions a blocked thread T to the ready-to-run state.
    This is an error if T is not blocked.  (Use thread_yield() to
 
 /* Transitions a blocked thread T to the ready-to-run state.
    This is an error if T is not blocked.  (Use thread_yield() to

-   make the running thread ready.) */
+   make the running thread ready.)
+
+   This function does not preempt the running thread.  This can
+   be important: if the caller had disabled interrupts itself,
+   it may expect that it can atomically unblock a thread and
+   update other data. */

 void
 thread_unblock (struct thread *t) 
 {
 void
 thread_unblock (struct thread *t) 
 {


@@ -249,9 +286,11 @@ thread_exit (void)
   process_exit ();
 #endif
 
   process_exit ();
 #endif
 

-  /* Just set our status to dying and schedule another process.
-     We will be destroyed during the call to schedule_tail(). */
+  /* Remove thread from all threads list, set our status to dying,
+     and schedule another process.  That process will destroy us
+     when it calls thread_schedule_tail(). */

   intr_disable ();
   intr_disable ();

+  list_remove (&thread_current()->allelem);

   thread_current ()->status = THREAD_DYING;
   schedule ();
   NOT_REACHED ();
   thread_current ()->status = THREAD_DYING;
   schedule ();
   NOT_REACHED ();


@@ -268,21 +307,28 @@ thread_yield (void)
   ASSERT (!intr_context ());
 
   old_level = intr_disable ();
   ASSERT (!intr_context ());
 
   old_level = intr_disable ();

-  list_push_back (&ready_list, &cur->elem);
+  if (cur != idle_thread) 
+    list_push_back (&ready_list, &cur->elem);

   cur->status = THREAD_READY;
   schedule ();
   intr_set_level (old_level);
 }
 
   cur->status = THREAD_READY;
   schedule ();
   intr_set_level (old_level);
 }
 

-/* Waits for the thread with the specified TID to terminate.  If
-   TID has already terminated or TID does not refer to an
-   immediate child of the current thread, returns immediately.
-
-   This function will be implemented in problem 1-2.  For now, it
-   does nothing. */
+/* Invoke function 'func' on all threads, passing along 'aux'.
+   This function must be called with interrupts off. */

 void
 void

-thread_join (tid_t child_tid UNUSED) 
+thread_foreach (thread_action_func *func, void *aux)

 {
 {

+  struct list_elem *e;
+
+  ASSERT (intr_get_level () == INTR_OFF);
+
+  for (e = list_begin (&all_list); e != list_end (&all_list);
+       e = list_next (e))
+    {
+      struct thread *t = list_entry (e, struct thread, allelem);
+      func (t, aux);
+    }

 }
 
 /* Sets the current thread's priority to NEW_PRIORITY. */
 }
 
 /* Sets the current thread's priority to NEW_PRIORITY. */


@@ -298,23 +344,73 @@ thread_get_priority (void)
 {
   return thread_current ()->priority;
 }
 {
   return thread_current ()->priority;
 }

+
+/* Sets the current thread's nice value to NICE. */
+void
+thread_set_nice (int nice UNUSED) 
+{
+  /* Not yet implemented. */
+}
+
+/* Returns the current thread's nice value. */
+int
+thread_get_nice (void) 
+{
+  /* Not yet implemented. */
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Returns 100 times the system load average. */
+int
+thread_get_load_avg (void) 
+{
+  /* Not yet implemented. */
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/* Returns 100 times the current thread's recent_cpu value. */
+int
+thread_get_recent_cpu (void) 
+{
+  /* Not yet implemented. */
+  return 0;
+}

 \f
 \f

-/* Idle thread.  Executes when no other thread is ready to run. */
+/* Idle thread.  Executes when no other thread is ready to run.
+
+   The idle thread is initially put on the ready list by
+   thread_start().  It will be scheduled once initially, at which
+   point it initializes idle_thread, "up"s the semaphore passed
+   to it to enable thread_start() to continue, and immediately
+   blocks.  After that, the idle thread never appears in the
+   ready list.  It is returned by next_thread_to_run() as a
+   special case when the ready list is empty. */

 static void
 static void

-idle (void *aux UNUSED) 
+idle (void *idle_started_ UNUSED) 

 {
 {

+  struct semaphore *idle_started = idle_started_;

   idle_thread = thread_current ();
   idle_thread = thread_current ();

+  sema_up (idle_started);

 
   for (;;) 
     {
       /* Let someone else run. */
       intr_disable ();
       thread_block ();
 
   for (;;) 
     {
       /* Let someone else run. */
       intr_disable ();
       thread_block ();

-      intr_enable ();

 
 

-      /* Use CPU `hlt' instruction to wait for interrupt.
-         See [IA32-v2a] "HLT" and [IA32-v3] 7.7. */
-      asm ("hlt");
+      /* Re-enable interrupts and wait for the next one.
+
+         The `sti' instruction disables interrupts until the
+         completion of the next instruction, so these two
+         instructions are executed atomically.  This atomicity is
+         important; otherwise, an interrupt could be handled
+         between re-enabling interrupts and waiting for the next
+         one to occur, wasting as much as one clock tick worth of
+         time.
+
+         See [IA32-v2a] "HLT", [IA32-v2b] "STI", and [IA32-v3a]
+         7.11.1 "HLT Instruction". */
+      asm volatile ("sti; hlt" : : : "memory");

     }
 }
 
     }
 }
 


@@ -339,13 +435,13 @@ running_thread (void)
      down to the start of a page.  Because `struct thread' is
      always at the beginning of a page and the stack pointer is
      somewhere in the middle, this locates the curent thread. */
      down to the start of a page.  Because `struct thread' is
      always at the beginning of a page and the stack pointer is
      somewhere in the middle, this locates the curent thread. */

-  asm ("mov %0, %%esp" : "=g" (esp));
+  asm ("mov %%esp, %0" : "=g" (esp));

   return pg_round_down (esp);
 }
 
 /* Returns true if T appears to point to a valid thread. */
 static bool
   return pg_round_down (esp);
 }
 
 /* Returns true if T appears to point to a valid thread. */
 static bool

-is_thread (struct thread *t) 
+is_thread (struct thread *t)

 {
   return t != NULL && t->magic == THREAD_MAGIC;
 }
 {
   return t != NULL && t->magic == THREAD_MAGIC;
 }


@@ -355,6 +451,8 @@ is_thread (struct thread *t)
 static void
 init_thread (struct thread *t, const char *name, int priority)
 {
 static void
 init_thread (struct thread *t, const char *name, int priority)
 {

+  enum intr_level old_level;
+

   ASSERT (t != NULL);
   ASSERT (PRI_MIN <= priority && priority <= PRI_MAX);
   ASSERT (name != NULL);
   ASSERT (t != NULL);
   ASSERT (PRI_MIN <= priority && priority <= PRI_MAX);
   ASSERT (name != NULL);


@@ -365,6 +463,10 @@ init_thread (struct thread *t, const char *name, int priority)
   t->stack = (uint8_t *) t + PGSIZE;
   t->priority = priority;
   t->magic = THREAD_MAGIC;
   t->stack = (uint8_t *) t + PGSIZE;
   t->priority = priority;
   t->magic = THREAD_MAGIC;

+
+  old_level = intr_disable ();
+  list_push_back (&all_list, &t->allelem);
+  intr_set_level (old_level);

 }
 
 /* Allocates a SIZE-byte frame at the top of thread T's stack and
 }
 
 /* Allocates a SIZE-byte frame at the top of thread T's stack and


@@ -411,7 +513,7 @@ next_thread_to_run (void)
    After this function and its caller returns, the thread switch
    is complete. */
 void
    After this function and its caller returns, the thread switch
    is complete. */
 void

-schedule_tail (struct thread *prev) 
+thread_schedule_tail (struct thread *prev)

 {
   struct thread *cur = running_thread ();
   
 {
   struct thread *cur = running_thread ();
   


@@ -420,6 +522,9 @@ schedule_tail (struct thread *prev)
   /* Mark us as running. */
   cur->status = THREAD_RUNNING;
 
   /* Mark us as running. */
   cur->status = THREAD_RUNNING;
 

+  /* Start new time slice. */
+  thread_ticks = 0;
+

 #ifdef USERPROG
   /* Activate the new address space. */
   process_activate ();
 #ifdef USERPROG
   /* Activate the new address space. */
   process_activate ();


@@ -427,12 +532,13 @@ schedule_tail (struct thread *prev)
 
   /* If the thread we switched from is dying, destroy its struct
      thread.  This must happen late so that thread_exit() doesn't
 
   /* If the thread we switched from is dying, destroy its struct
      thread.  This must happen late so that thread_exit() doesn't

-     pull out the rug under itself. */
-  if (prev != NULL && prev->status == THREAD_DYING) 
+     pull out the rug under itself.  (We don't free
+     initial_thread because its memory was not obtained via
+     palloc().) */
+  if (prev != NULL && prev->status == THREAD_DYING && prev != initial_thread) 

     {
       ASSERT (prev != cur);
     {
       ASSERT (prev != cur);

-      if (prev != initial_thread)
-        palloc_free_page (prev);
+      palloc_free_page (prev);

     }
 }
 
     }
 }
 


@@ -441,8 +547,8 @@ schedule_tail (struct thread *prev)
    running to some other state.  This function finds another
    thread to run and switches to it.
 
    running to some other state.  This function finds another
    thread to run and switches to it.
 

-   It's not safe to call printf() until schedule_tail() has
-   completed. */
+   It's not safe to call printf() until thread_schedule_tail()
+   has completed. */

 static void
 schedule (void) 
 {
 static void
 schedule (void) 
 {


@@ -456,7 +562,7 @@ schedule (void)
 
   if (cur != next)
     prev = switch_threads (cur, next);
 
   if (cur != next)
     prev = switch_threads (cur, next);

-  schedule_tail (prev); 
+  thread_schedule_tail (prev);

 }
 
 /* Returns a tid to use for a new thread. */
 }
 
 /* Returns a tid to use for a new thread. */