#include "threads/init.h"
+#include <console.h>
#include <debug.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <random.h>
#include <stddef.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "devices/kbd.h"
+#include "devices/input.h"
#include "devices/serial.h"
+#include "devices/shutdown.h"
#include "devices/timer.h"
#include "devices/vga.h"
+#include "devices/rtc.h"
#include "threads/interrupt.h"
#include "threads/io.h"
#include "threads/loader.h"
#include "threads/malloc.h"
-#include "threads/mmu.h"
-#include "threads/paging.h"
#include "threads/palloc.h"
+#include "threads/pte.h"
#include "threads/thread.h"
#ifdef USERPROG
+#include "userprog/process.h"
#include "userprog/exception.h"
#include "userprog/gdt.h"
#include "userprog/syscall.h"
#include "userprog/tss.h"
+#else
+#include "tests/threads/tests.h"
#endif
#ifdef FILESYS
-#include "devices/disk.h"
+#include "devices/block.h"
+#include "devices/ide.h"
#include "filesys/filesys.h"
#include "filesys/fsutil.h"
#endif
-/* Amount of physical memory, in 4 kB pages. */
-size_t ram_pages;
+/* Page directory with kernel mappings only. */
+uint32_t *init_page_dir;
#ifdef FILESYS
-/* Format the filesystem? */
+/* -f: Format the file system? */
static bool format_filesys;
-#endif
-#ifdef USERPROG
-/* Initial program to run. */
-static char *initial_program;
+/* -filesys, -scratch, -swap: Names of block devices to use,
+ overriding the defaults. */
+static const char *filesys_bdev_name;
+static const char *scratch_bdev_name;
+#ifdef VM
+static const char *swap_bdev_name;
#endif
+#endif /* FILESYS */
+
+/* -ul: Maximum number of pages to put into palloc's user pool. */
+static size_t user_page_limit = SIZE_MAX;
-static void ram_init (void);
-static void argv_init (void);
+static void bss_init (void);
+static void paging_init (void);
+
+static char **read_command_line (void);
+static char **parse_options (char **argv);
+static void run_actions (char **argv);
+static void usage (void);
+
+#ifdef FILESYS
+static void locate_block_devices (void);
+static void locate_block_device (enum block_type, const char *name);
+#endif
int main (void) NO_RETURN;
+/* Pintos main program. */
int
main (void)
{
- /* Needed by printf(), so initialize them very early. */
- ram_init ();
- vga_init ();
- serial_init (1);
+ char **argv;
- /* Greet user. */
- printf ("Booting cnachos86 with %'d kB RAM...\n", ram_pages * 4);
+ /* Clear BSS. */
+ bss_init ();
- /* Parse command line. */
- argv_init ();
+ /* Break command line into arguments and parse options. */
+ argv = read_command_line ();
+ argv = parse_options (argv);
- /* Initialize memory system, segments, paging. */
+ /* Initialize ourselves as a thread so we can use locks,
+ then enable console locking. */
thread_init ();
- palloc_init ();
+ console_init ();
+
+ /* Greet user. */
+ printf ("Pintos booting with %'"PRIu32" kB RAM...\n",
+ init_ram_pages * PGSIZE / 1024);
+
+ /* Initialize memory system. */
+ palloc_init (user_page_limit);
+ malloc_init ();
paging_init ();
+
+ /* Segmentation. */
#ifdef USERPROG
tss_init ();
gdt_init ();
#endif
- malloc_init ();
-
- /* Set random seed if not already done. */
- random_init (0);
/* Initialize interrupt handlers. */
intr_init ();
timer_init ();
kbd_init ();
+ input_init ();
#ifdef USERPROG
exception_init ();
syscall_init ();
/* Start thread scheduler and enable interrupts. */
thread_start ();
- serial_init (2);
+ serial_init_queue ();
+ timer_calibrate ();
#ifdef FILESYS
- /* Initialize filesystem. */
- disk_init ();
+ /* Initialize file system. */
+ ide_init ();
+ locate_block_devices ();
filesys_init (format_filesys);
- fsutil_run ();
#endif
printf ("Boot complete.\n");
- for (;;)
- putchar (serial_getc ());
-
-#ifdef USERPROG
- /* Run a user program. */
- if (initial_program != NULL)
- {
- printf ("\nExecuting '%s':\n", initial_program);
- thread_execute (initial_program);
- }
-#endif
+ /* Run actions specified on kernel command line. */
+ run_actions (argv);
- /* Terminate this thread. */
+ /* Finish up. */
+ shutdown ();
thread_exit ();
}
\f
-/* Clear BSS and obtain RAM size from loader. */
+/* Clear the "BSS", a segment that should be initialized to
+ zeros. It isn't actually stored on disk or zeroed by the
+ kernel loader, so we have to zero it ourselves.
+
+ The start and end of the BSS segment is recorded by the
+ linker as _start_bss and _end_bss. See kernel.lds. */
static void
-ram_init (void)
+bss_init (void)
{
- /* The "BSS" is a segment that should be initialized to zeros.
- It isn't actually stored on disk or zeroed by the kernel
- loader, so we have to zero it ourselves.
-
- The start and end of the BSS segment is recorded by the
- linker as _start_bss and _end_bss. See kernel.lds. */
extern char _start_bss, _end_bss;
memset (&_start_bss, 0, &_end_bss - &_start_bss);
-
- /* Get RAM size from loader. See loader.S. */
- ram_pages = *(uint32_t *) ptov (LOADER_RAM_PAGES);
}
-/* Parses the command line. */
+/* Populates the base page directory and page table with the
+ kernel virtual mapping, and then sets up the CPU to use the
+ new page directory. Points init_page_dir to the page
+ directory it creates. */
static void
-argv_init (void)
+paging_init (void)
+{
+ uint32_t *pd, *pt;
+ size_t page;
+ extern char _start, _end_kernel_text;
+
+ pd = init_page_dir = palloc_get_page (PAL_ASSERT | PAL_ZERO);
+ pt = NULL;
+ for (page = 0; page < init_ram_pages; page++)
+ {
+ uintptr_t paddr = page * PGSIZE;
+ char *vaddr = ptov (paddr);
+ size_t pde_idx = pd_no (vaddr);
+ size_t pte_idx = pt_no (vaddr);
+ bool in_kernel_text = &_start <= vaddr && vaddr < &_end_kernel_text;
+
+ if (pd[pde_idx] == 0)
+ {
+ pt = palloc_get_page (PAL_ASSERT | PAL_ZERO);
+ pd[pde_idx] = pde_create (pt);
+ }
+
+ pt[pte_idx] = pte_create_kernel (vaddr, !in_kernel_text);
+ }
+
+ /* Store the physical address of the page directory into CR3
+ aka PDBR (page directory base register). This activates our
+ new page tables immediately. See [IA32-v2a] "MOV--Move
+ to/from Control Registers" and [IA32-v3a] 3.7.5 "Base Address
+ of the Page Directory". */
+ asm volatile ("movl %0, %%cr3" : : "r" (vtop (init_page_dir)));
+}
+
+/* Breaks the kernel command line into words and returns them as
+ an argv-like array. */
+static char **
+read_command_line (void)
{
- char *cmd_line, *pos;
- char *argv[LOADER_CMD_LINE_LEN / 2 + 1];
- int argc = 0;
+ static char *argv[LOADER_ARGS_LEN / 2 + 1];
+ char *p, *end;
+ int argc;
int i;
- /* The command line is made up of null terminated strings
- followed by an empty string. Break it up into words. */
- cmd_line = pos = ptov (LOADER_CMD_LINE);
- while (pos < cmd_line + LOADER_CMD_LINE_LEN)
+ argc = *(uint32_t *) ptov (LOADER_ARG_CNT);
+ p = ptov (LOADER_ARGS);
+ end = p + LOADER_ARGS_LEN;
+ for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
{
- ASSERT (argc < LOADER_CMD_LINE_LEN / 2);
- if (*pos == '\0')
- break;
- argv[argc++] = pos;
- pos = strchr (pos, '\0') + 1;
+ if (p >= end)
+ PANIC ("command line arguments overflow");
+
+ argv[i] = p;
+ p += strnlen (p, end - p) + 1;
}
- argv[argc] = "";
+ argv[argc] = NULL;
- /* Parse the words. */
+ /* Print kernel command line. */
+ printf ("Kernel command line:");
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
- if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-rs"))
- random_init (atoi (argv[++i]));
- else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-d"))
- debug_enable (argv[++i]);
+ if (strchr (argv[i], ' ') == NULL)
+ printf (" %s", argv[i]);
+ else
+ printf (" '%s'", argv[i]);
+ printf ("\n");
+
+ return argv;
+}
+
+/* Parses options in ARGV[]
+ and returns the first non-option argument. */
+static char **
+parse_options (char **argv)
+{
+ for (; *argv != NULL && **argv == '-'; argv++)
+ {
+ char *save_ptr;
+ char *name = strtok_r (*argv, "=", &save_ptr);
+ char *value = strtok_r (NULL, "", &save_ptr);
+
+ if (!strcmp (name, "-h"))
+ usage ();
+ else if (!strcmp (name, "-q"))
+ shutdown_configure (SHUTDOWN_POWER_OFF);
+ else if (!strcmp (name, "-r"))
+ shutdown_configure (SHUTDOWN_REBOOT);
+#ifdef FILESYS
+ else if (!strcmp (name, "-f"))
+ format_filesys = true;
+ else if (!strcmp (name, "-filesys"))
+ filesys_bdev_name = value;
+ else if (!strcmp (name, "-scratch"))
+ scratch_bdev_name = value;
+#ifdef VM
+ else if (!strcmp (name, "-swap"))
+ swap_bdev_name = value;
+#endif
+#endif
+ else if (!strcmp (name, "-rs"))
+ random_init (atoi (value));
+ else if (!strcmp (name, "-mlfqs"))
+ thread_mlfqs = true;
#ifdef USERPROG
- else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-ex"))
- initial_program = argv[++i];
+ else if (!strcmp (name, "-ul"))
+ user_page_limit = atoi (value);
#endif
+ else
+ PANIC ("unknown option `%s' (use -h for help)", name);
+ }
+
+ /* Initialize the random number generator based on the system
+ time. This has no effect if an "-rs" option was specified.
+
+ When running under Bochs, this is not enough by itself to
+ get a good seed value, because the pintos script sets the
+ initial time to a predictable value, not to the local time,
+ for reproducibility. To fix this, give the "-r" option to
+ the pintos script to request real-time execution. */
+ random_init (rtc_get_time ());
+
+ return argv;
+}
+
+/* Runs the task specified in ARGV[1]. */
+static void
+run_task (char **argv)
+{
+ const char *task = argv[1];
+
+ printf ("Executing '%s':\n", task);
+#ifdef USERPROG
+ process_wait (process_execute (task));
+#else
+ run_test (task);
+#endif
+ printf ("Execution of '%s' complete.\n", task);
+}
+
+/* Executes all of the actions specified in ARGV[]
+ up to the null pointer sentinel. */
+static void
+run_actions (char **argv)
+{
+ /* An action. */
+ struct action
+ {
+ char *name; /* Action name. */
+ int argc; /* # of args, including action name. */
+ void (*function) (char **argv); /* Function to execute action. */
+ };
+
+ /* Table of supported actions. */
+ static const struct action actions[] =
+ {
+ {"run", 2, run_task},
#ifdef FILESYS
- else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-f"))
- format_filesys = true;
- else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-cp"))
- fsutil_copy_arg = argv[++i];
- else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-p"))
- fsutil_print_file = argv[++i];
- else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-r"))
- fsutil_remove_file = argv[++i];
- else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-ls"))
- fsutil_list_files = true;
- else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-D"))
- fsutil_dump_filesys = true;
-#endif
- else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-u"))
- {
- printf (
- "Kernel options:\n"
- " -rs SEED Seed random seed to SEED.\n"
- " -d CLASS[,...] Enable the given classes of debug messages.\n"
+ {"ls", 1, fsutil_ls},
+ {"cat", 2, fsutil_cat},
+ {"rm", 2, fsutil_rm},
+ {"extract", 1, fsutil_extract},
+ {"append", 2, fsutil_append},
+#endif
+ {NULL, 0, NULL},
+ };
+
+ while (*argv != NULL)
+ {
+ const struct action *a;
+ int i;
+
+ /* Find action name. */
+ for (a = actions; ; a++)
+ if (a->name == NULL)
+ PANIC ("unknown action `%s' (use -h for help)", *argv);
+ else if (!strcmp (*argv, a->name))
+ break;
+
+ /* Check for required arguments. */
+ for (i = 1; i < a->argc; i++)
+ if (argv[i] == NULL)
+ PANIC ("action `%s' requires %d argument(s)", *argv, a->argc - 1);
+
+ /* Invoke action and advance. */
+ a->function (argv);
+ argv += a->argc;
+ }
+
+}
+
+/* Prints a kernel command line help message and powers off the
+ machine. */
+static void
+usage (void)
+{
+ printf ("\nCommand line syntax: [OPTION...] [ACTION...]\n"
+ "Options must precede actions.\n"
+ "Actions are executed in the order specified.\n"
+ "\nAvailable actions:\n"
#ifdef USERPROG
- " -ex 'PROG [ARG...]' Run PROG, passing the optional arguments.\n"
+ " run 'PROG [ARG...]' Run PROG and wait for it to complete.\n"
+#else
+ " run TEST Run TEST.\n"
#endif
#ifdef FILESYS
- " -f Format the filesystem disk (hdb or hd0:1).\n"
- " -cp FILENAME:SIZE Copy SIZE bytes from the scratch disk (hdc\n"
- " or hd1:0) into the filesystem as FILENAME\n"
- " -p FILENAME Print the contents of FILENAME\n"
- " -r FILENAME Delete FILENAME\n"
- " -ls List the files in the filesystem\n"
- " -D Dump complete filesystem contents\n"
+ " ls List files in the root directory.\n"
+ " cat FILE Print FILE to the console.\n"
+ " rm FILE Delete FILE.\n"
+ "Use these actions indirectly via `pintos' -g and -p options:\n"
+ " extract Untar from scratch device into file system.\n"
+ " append FILE Append FILE to tar file on scratch device.\n"
+#endif
+ "\nOptions:\n"
+ " -h Print this help message and power off.\n"
+ " -q Power off VM after actions or on panic.\n"
+ " -r Reboot after actions.\n"
+#ifdef FILESYS
+ " -f Format file system device during startup.\n"
+ " -filesys=BDEV Use BDEV for file system instead of default.\n"
+ " -scratch=BDEV Use BDEV for scratch instead of default.\n"
+#ifdef VM
+ " -swap=BDEV Use BDEV for swap instead of default.\n"
+#endif
+#endif
+ " -rs=SEED Set random number seed to SEED.\n"
+ " -mlfqs Use multi-level feedback queue scheduler.\n"
+#ifdef USERPROG
+ " -ul=COUNT Limit user memory to COUNT pages.\n"
#endif
);
- }
- else
- PANIC ("unknown option `%s'", argv[i]);
+ shutdown_power_off ();
+}
+
+#ifdef FILESYS
+/* Figure out what block devices to cast in the various Pintos roles. */
+static void
+locate_block_devices (void)
+{
+ locate_block_device (BLOCK_FILESYS, filesys_bdev_name);
+ locate_block_device (BLOCK_SCRATCH, scratch_bdev_name);
+#ifdef VM
+ locate_block_device (BLOCK_SWAP, swap_bdev_name);
+#endif
}
+
+/* Figures out what block device to use for the given ROLE: the
+ block device with the given NAME, if NAME is non-null,
+ otherwise the first block device in probe order of type
+ ROLE. */
+static void
+locate_block_device (enum block_type role, const char *name)
+{
+ struct block *block = NULL;
+
+ if (name != NULL)
+ {
+ block = block_get_by_name (name);
+ if (block == NULL)
+ PANIC ("No such block device \"%s\"", name);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ for (block = block_first (); block != NULL; block = block_next (block))
+ if (block_type (block) == role)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (block != NULL)
+ {
+ printf ("%s: using %s\n", block_type_name (role), block_name (block));
+ block_set_role (role, block);
+ }
+}
+#endif
projects / pintos-anon / blobdiff