Parse command-line options much earlier, so that thread_mlfqs is

initialized before thread_init() gets hold of it.

Also allow console output much earlier, by doing initialization
whenever we call into it first and by only trying to take the console
lock after threads have been initialized.

Don't try to take the console lock after the kernel panics, to avoid
getting nailed so hard by bugs in lock_acquire().

Suggested by Godmar Back.