Formfeed (ASCII 12).
@item \n
-Newline (ASCII 10)
+New-line (ASCII 10)
@item \r
Carriage return (ASCII 13).
@item line-ends=@var{line-end-type}
One of @code{cr}, @code{lf}, or @code{crlf}. This controls what is used
-for newline in the output file. Default: @code{cr}.
+for new-line in the output file. Default: @code{cr}.
@item optimize-line-size=@var{level}
@code{paginate}, described below, for a related setting. Default:
@code{"\f"}.
-@item newline-string=@var{newline-value}
+@item newline-string=@var{new-line-value}
-The string written to the output to cause a newline (carriage return
+The string written to the output to cause a new-line (carriage return
plus linefeed). The default, which can be specified explicitly with
-@code{newline-string=default}, is to use the system-dependent newline
+@code{newline-string=default}, is to use the system-dependent new-line
sequence by opening the output file in text mode. This is usually the
right choice.
full-fledged expressions in themselves.
@menu
-* Boolean Values:: Boolean values.
+* Boolean Values:: Boolean values.
* Missing Values in Expressions:: Using missing values in expressions.
-* Grouping Operators:: ( )
-* Arithmetic Operators:: + - * / **
-* Logical Operators:: AND NOT OR
-* Relational Operators:: EQ GE GT LE LT NE
-* Functions:: More-sophisticated operators.
-* Order of Operations:: Operator precedence.
+* Grouping Operators:: parentheses
+* Arithmetic Operators:: add sub mul div pow
+* Logical Operators:: AND NOT OR
+* Relational Operators:: EQ GE GT LE LT NE
+* Functions:: More-sophisticated operators.
+* Order of Operations:: Operator precedence.
@end menu
@node Boolean Values, Missing Values in Expressions, Expressions, Expressions
@end display
Use @cmd{FILE HANDLE} to define the attributes of a file that does
-not use conventional variable-length records terminated by newline
+not use conventional variable-length records terminated by new-line
characters.
Specify the file handle name as an identifier. Any given identifier may
handle. It is the only required subcommand.
The RECFORM subcommand specifies how the file is laid out. VARIABLE
-specifies variable-length lines terminated with newlines, and it is the
+specifies variable-length lines terminated with new-lines, and it is the
default. FIXED specifies fixed-length records. SPANNED is not
supported.
Fixes for any of these deficiencies would be welcomed.
-@node T-TEST, , CROSSTABS, Statistics
+@node T-TEST, , CROSSTABS, Statistics
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@section T-TEST
@menu
-* One Sample Mode:: Testing against a hypothesised mean
-* Independent Samples Mode:: Testing two independent groups for the same mean
-* Paired Samples Mode:: Testing two interdependet groups for the same mean
+* One Sample Mode:: Testing against a hypothesised mean
+* Independent Samples Mode:: Testing two independent groups for equal mean
+* Paired Samples Mode:: Testing two interdependent groups for equal mean
@end menu
@node One Sample Mode, Independent Samples Mode, T-TEST, T-TEST
-@comment node-name, next, previous, up
-
@subsection One Sample Mode
The @cmd{TESTVAL} subcommand invokes the One Sample mode.
In this mode, you must also use the @cmd{/VARIABLES} subcommand to
tell PSPP which variables you wish to test.
-@node Independent Samples Mode, Paired Samples Mode, One Sample Mode, T-TEST
+@node Independent Samples Mode, Paired Samples Mode, T-TEST, T-TEST
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@subsection Independent Samples Mode
of whether @cmd{/MISSING=LISTWISE} was specified.
-@node Paired Samples Mode, , Independent Samples Mode, T-TEST
+@node Paired Samples Mode, , Independent Samples Mode, T-TEST
@comment node-name, next, previous, up
@subsection Paired Samples Mode
@table @code
@item int32 rec_type;
-Record type. Always set to 3.
+Record type. Always set to 7.
@item int32 subtype;
Record subtype. Always set to 4.
@table @code
@item int32 rec_type;
-Record type. Always set to 3.
+Record type. Always set to 7.
@item int32 subtype;
-Record subtype. May take any value.
+Record subtype. May take any value. According to Aapi
+H@"am@"al@"ainen, value 5 indicates a set of grouped variables and 6
+indicates date info (probably related to USE).
@item int32 size;
Size of each piece of data in the data part. Should have the value 4 or
* Version and Date Info Record::
* Identification Records::
* Variable Count Record::
+* Case Weight Variable Record::
* Variable Records::
* Value Label Records::
* Portable File Data::
Portable files are arranged as a series of lines of exactly 80
characters each. Each line is terminated by a carriage-return,
-line-feed sequence (henceforth, ``newline''). Newlines are not
-delimiters: they are only used to avoid line-length limitations existing
-on some operating systems.
+line-feed sequence ``new-lines''). New-lines are only used to avoid
+line length limits imposed by some OSes; they are not meaningful.
The file must be terminated with a @samp{Z} character. In addition, if
the final line in the file does not have exactly 80 characters, then it
character set, as explained in the next section. Therefore, the
@samp{Z} character is not necessarily an ASCII @samp{Z}.)
-For the rest of the description of the portable file format, newlines
+For the rest of the description of the portable file format, new-lines
and the trailing @samp{Z}s will be ignored, as if they did not exist,
because they are not an important part of understanding the file
contents.
@item
Variable count.
+@item
+Case weight variable (optional).
+
@item
Variables. Each variable record may optionally be followed by a
missing value record and a variable label record.
through @samp{9} plus capital letters @samp{A} through @samp{T}.
@item
-A fraction, consisting of a radix point (@samp{.}) followed by one or
-more base-30 digits (optional).
+Optional fraction, consisting of a radix point (@samp{.}) followed by
+one or more base-30 digits.
@item
-An exponent, consisting of a plus or minus sign (@samp{+} or @samp{-})
-followed by one or more base-30 digits (optional).
+Optional exponent, consisting of a plus or minus sign (@samp{+} or
+@samp{-}) followed by one or more base-30 digits.
@item
A forward slash (@samp{/}).
@end itemize
-Integer fields take form identical to floating-point fields, but they
+Integer fields take a form identical to floating-point fields, but they
may not contain a fraction.
String fields take the form of a integer field having value @var{n},
character set translation table, followed by an 8-byte tag string.
The 200-byte segment is divided into five 40-byte sections, each of
-which represents the string @code{ASCII SPSS PORT FILE} in a different
-character set encoding. (If the file is encoded in EBCDIC then the
-string is actually @code{EBCDIC SPSS PORT FILE}, and so on.) These
-strings are padded on the right with spaces in their own character set.
+which represents the string @code{@var{charset} SPSS PORT FILE} in a
+different character set encoding, where @var{charset} is the name of
+the character set used in the file, e.g. @code{ASCII} or
+@code{EBCDIC}. Each string is padded on the right with spaces in its
+respective character set.
It appears that these strings exist only to inform those who might view
the file on a screen, and that they are not parsed by SPSS products.
consists of a single string field giving additional information on the
product that wrote the portable file.
-@node Variable Count Record, Variable Records, Identification Records, Portable File Format
+@node Variable Count Record, Case Weight Variable Record, Identification Records, Portable File Format
@section Variable Count Record
The variable count record has tag code @samp{4}. It consists of two
dictionary. The purpose of the second is unknown; it contains the value
161 in all portable files examined so far.
-@node Variable Records, Value Label Records, Variable Count Record, Portable File Format
+@node Case Weight Variable Record, Variable Records, Variable Count Record, Portable File Format
+@section Case Weight Variable Record
+
+The case weight variable record is optional. If it is present, it
+indicates the variable used for weighting cases; if it is absent,
+cases are unweighted. It has tag code @samp{6}. It consists of a
+single string field that names the weighting variable.
+
+@node Variable Records, Value Label Records, Case Weight Variable Record, Portable File Format
@section Variable Records
Each variable record represents a single variable. Variable records