Clean up inode code:
- Change inode_byte_to_sector() to insist that its argument be a valid
file offset, and change file_read_at() and file_write_at() to always
call it with one.
- Change inode_create() to just create the inode on disk without
returning a struct inode. Change return value to bool. Update
callers to understand.
- Integrate alloc_inode() into its one remaining caller.
- Break inode deallocation into new static function deallocate_inode().
Change bitmap code from using (start...end) to indicate ranges to
using (start, cnt). Update all callers. Other minor internal bitmap
cleanups.