4 Commands that don't fit any other category are placed here.
6 Most of these commands are not affected by commands like @cmd{IF} and
8 they take effect only once, unconditionally, at the time that they are
9 encountered in the input.
12 * ADD DOCUMENT:: Add documentary text to the active file.
13 * CD:: Change the current directory.
14 * COMMENT:: Document your syntax file.
15 * DOCUMENT:: Document the active file.
16 * DISPLAY DOCUMENTS:: Display active file documents.
17 * DISPLAY FILE LABEL:: Display the active file label.
18 * DROP DOCUMENTS:: Remove documents from the active file.
19 * ECHO:: Write a string to the output stream.
20 * ERASE:: Erase a file.
21 * EXECUTE:: Execute pending transformations.
22 * FILE LABEL:: Set the active file's label.
23 * FINISH:: Terminate the PSPP session.
24 * HOST:: Temporarily return to the operating system.
25 * INCLUDE:: Include a file within the current one.
26 * INSERT:: Insert a file within the current one.
27 * PERMISSIONS:: Change permissions on a file.
28 * SET:: Adjust PSPP runtime parameters.
29 * SHOW:: Display runtime parameters.
30 * SUBTITLE:: Provide a document subtitle.
31 * TITLE:: Provide a document title.
35 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
41 'line one' 'line two' @dots{} 'last line' .
45 @cmd{ADD DOCUMENT} adds one or more lines of descriptive commentary to
46 the active file. Documents added in this way are saved to system files.
47 They can be viewed using @cmd{SYSFILE INFO} or @cmd{DISPLAY
48 DOCUMENTS}. They can be removed from the active file with @cmd{DROP
51 Each line of documentary text must be enclosed in quotation marks, and
52 may not be more than 80 bytes long. @xref{DOCUMENT}.
58 @cindex changing directory
64 @cmd{CD} changes the current directory. The new directory will become that specified by the command.
72 Two possibles syntaxes:
73 COMMENT comment text @dots{} .
74 *comment text @dots{} .
77 @cmd{COMMENT} is ignored. It is used to provide information to
78 the author and other readers of the PSPP syntax file.
80 @cmd{COMMENT} can extend over any number of lines. Don't forget to
81 terminate it with a dot or a blank line.
90 DOCUMENT @var{documentary_text}.
93 @cmd{DOCUMENT} adds one or more lines of descriptive commentary to the
94 active file. Documents added in this way are saved to system files.
95 They can be viewed using @cmd{SYSFILE INFO} or @cmd{DISPLAY
96 DOCUMENTS}. They can be removed from the active file with @cmd{DROP
99 Specify the @var{documentary text} following the DOCUMENT keyword.
100 It is interpreted literally --- any quotes or other punctuation marks
101 will be included in the file.
102 You can extend the documentary text over as many lines as necessary.
103 Lines are truncated at 80 bytes. Don't forget to terminate
104 the command with a dot or a blank line. @xref{ADD DOCUMENT}.
106 @node DISPLAY DOCUMENTS
107 @section DISPLAY DOCUMENTS
108 @vindex DISPLAY DOCUMENTS
114 @cmd{DISPLAY DOCUMENTS} displays the documents in the active file. Each
115 document is preceded by a line giving the time and date that it was
116 added. @xref{DOCUMENT}.
118 @node DISPLAY FILE LABEL
119 @section DISPLAY FILE LABEL
120 @vindex DISPLAY FILE LABEL
126 @cmd{DISPLAY FILE LABEL} displays the file label contained in the
128 if any. @xref{FILE LABEL}.
130 This command is a PSPP extension.
133 @section DROP DOCUMENTS
134 @vindex DROP DOCUMENTS
140 @cmd{DROP DOCUMENTS} removes all documents from the active file.
141 New documents can be added with @cmd{DOCUMENT} (@pxref{DOCUMENT}).
143 @cmd{DROP DOCUMENTS} changes only the active file. It does not modify any
144 system files stored on disk.
151 ECHO 'arbitrary text' .
154 Use @cmd{ECHO} to write arbitrary text to the output stream. The text should be enclosed in quotation marks following the normal rules for string tokens (@pxref{Tokens}).
157 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
162 ERASE FILE file_name.
165 @cmd{ERASE FILE} deletes a file from the local filesystem.
166 file_name must be quoted.
167 This command cannot be used if the SAFER setting is active.
178 @cmd{EXECUTE} causes the active file to be read and all pending
179 transformations to be executed.
186 FILE LABEL file_label.
189 @cmd{FILE LABEL} provides a title for the active file. This
190 title will be saved into system files and portable files that are
191 created during this PSPP run.
193 file_label need not be quoted. If quotes are
194 included, they become part of the file label.
204 @cmd{FINISH} terminates the current PSPP session and returns
205 control to the operating system.
208 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
216 @cmd{HOST} suspends the current PSPP session and temporarily returns control
217 to the operating system.
218 This command cannot be used if the SAFER setting is active.
226 INCLUDE [FILE=]'file-name'.
229 @cmd{INCLUDE} causes the PSPP command processor to read an
230 additional command file as if it were included bodily in the current
232 If errors are encountered in the included file, then command processing will
233 stop and no more commands will be processed.
234 Include files may be nested to any depth, up to the limit of available
238 The @cmd{INSERT} command (@pxref{INSERT}) may be used instead of
239 @cmd{INCLUDE} if you require more flexible options.
242 INCLUDE FILE=@var{file-name}.
245 functions identically to
247 INSERT FILE=@var{file-name} ERROR=STOP CD=NO SYNTAX=BATCH.
256 INSERT [FILE=]'file-name'
258 [ERROR=@{CONTINUE,STOP@}]
259 [SYNTAX=@{BATCH,INTERACTIVE@}].
262 @cmd{INSERT} is similar to @cmd{INCLUDE} (@pxref{INCLUDE})
263 but somewhat more flexible.
264 It causes the command processor to read a file as if it were embedded in the
265 current command file.
267 If @samp{CD=YES} is specified, then before including the file, the
268 current directory will be changed to the directory of the included
270 The default setting is @samp{CD=NO}.
271 Note that this directory will remain current until it is
272 changed explicitly (with the @cmd{CD} command, or a subsequent
273 @cmd{INSERT} command with the @samp{CD=YES} option).
274 It will not revert to its original setting even after the included
275 file is finished processing.
277 If @samp{ERROR=STOP} is specified, errors encountered in the
278 inserted file will cause processing to immediately cease.
279 Otherwise processing will continue at the next command.
280 The default setting is @samp{ERROR=CONTINUE}.
282 If @samp{SYNTAX=INTERACTIVE} is specified then the syntax contained in
283 the included file must conform to interactive syntax
284 conventions. @xref{Syntax Variants}.
285 The default setting is @samp{SYNTAX=BATCH}.
292 @cindex changing file permissions
297 /PERMISSIONS = @{READONLY,WRITEABLE@}.
300 @cmd{PERMISSIONS} changes the permissions of a file.
301 There is one mandatory subcommand which specifies the permissions to
302 which the file should be changed.
303 If you set a file's permission to READONLY, then the file will become
304 unwritable either by you or anyone else on the system.
305 If you set the permission to WRITEABLE, then the file will become
306 writeable by you; the permissions afforded to others will be
308 This command cannot be used if the SAFER setting is active.
319 /BLANKS=@{SYSMIS,'.',number@}
320 /DECIMAL=@{DOT,COMMA@}
322 /EPOCH=@{AUTOMATIC,year@}
323 /RIB=@{NATIVE,MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST,VAX@}
324 /RRB=@{NATIVE,ISL,ISB,IDL,IDB,VF,VD,VG,ZS,ZL@}
331 /CPROMPT='cprompt_string'
332 /DPROMPT='dprompt_string'
333 /ERRORBREAK=@{OFF,ON@}
335 /MXWARNS=max_warnings
340 /MITERATE=max_iterations
344 /SEED=@{RANDOM,seed_value@}
345 /UNDEFINED=@{WARN,NOWARN@}
348 /CC@{A,B,C,D,E@}=@{'npre,pre,suf,nsuf','npre.pre.suf.nsuf'@}
349 /DECIMAL=@{DOT,COMMA@}
351 /WIB=@{NATIVE,MSBFIRST,LSBFIRST,VAX@}
352 /WRB=@{NATIVE,ISL,ISB,IDL,IDB,VF,VD,VG,ZS,ZL@}
356 /ERRORS=@{ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE@}
358 /MESSAGES=@{ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE@}
359 /PRINTBACK=@{ON,OFF@}
360 /RESULTS=@{ON,OFF,TERMINAL,LISTING,BOTH,NONE@}
362 (output driver options)
363 /HEADERS=@{NO,YES,BLANK@}
364 /LENGTH=@{NONE,length_in_lines@}
365 /LISTING=@{ON,OFF,'file-name'@}
367 /WIDTH=@{NARROW,WIDTH,n_characters@}
370 /JOURNAL=@{ON,OFF@} ['file-name']
373 /COMPRESSION=@{ON,OFF@}
374 /SCOMPRESSION=@{ON,OFF@}
379 (obsolete settings accepted for compatibility, but ignored)
380 /BOXSTRING=@{'xxx','xxxxxxxxxxx'@}
381 /CASE=@{UPPER,UPLOW@}
386 /LOWRES=@{AUTO,ON,OFF@}
388 /MENUS=@{STANDARD,EXTENDED@}
391 /TB1=@{'xxx','xxxxxxxxxxx'@}
393 /WORKSPACE=workspace_size
397 @cmd{SET} allows the user to adjust several parameters relating to
398 PSPP's execution. Since there are many subcommands to this command, its
399 subcommands will be examined in groups.
401 On subcommands that take boolean values, ON and YES are synonym, and
402 as are OFF and NO, when used as subcommand values.
404 The data input subcommands affect the way that data is read from data
405 files. The data input subcommands are
409 This is the value assigned to an item data item that is empty or
410 contains only white space. An argument of SYSMIS or '.' will cause the
411 system-missing value to be assigned to null items. This is the
412 default. Any real value may be assigned.
416 The default DOT setting causes the decimal point character to be
417 @samp{.} and the grouping character to be @samp{,}. A setting of COMMA
418 causes the decimal point character to be @samp{,} and the grouping
419 character to be @samp{.}.
422 Allows the default numeric input/output format to be specified. The
423 default is F8.2. @xref{Input and Output Formats}.
427 Specifies the range of years used when a 2-digit year is read from a
428 data file or used in a date construction expression (@pxref{Date
429 Construction}). If a 4-digit year is specified for the epoch, then
430 2-digit years are interpreted starting from that year, known as the
431 epoch. If AUTOMATIC (the default) is specified, then the epoch begins
432 69 years before the current date.
437 PSPP extension to set the byte ordering (endianness) used for reading
438 data in IB or PIB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric
439 Formats}). In MSBFIRST ordering, the most-significant byte appears at
440 the left end of a IB or PIB field. In LSBFIRST ordering, the
441 least-significant byte appears at the left end. VAX ordering is like
442 MSBFIRST, except that each pair of bytes is in reverse order. NATIVE,
443 the default, is equivalent to MSBFIRST or LSBFIRST depending on the
444 native format of the machine running PSPP.
449 PSPP extension to set the floating-point format used for reading data in
450 RB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats}). The
455 The native format of the machine running PSPP. Equivalent to either IDL
459 32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating point, in little-endian byte
463 32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating point, in big-endian byte
467 64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating point, in little-endian byte
471 64-bit IEEE 754 double-precision floating point, in big-endian byte
475 32-bit VAX F format, in VAX-endian byte order.
478 64-bit VAX D format, in VAX-endian byte order.
481 64-bit VAX G format, in VAX-endian byte order.
484 32-bit IBM Z architecture short format hexadecimal floating point, in
485 big-endian byte order.
488 64-bit IBM Z architecture long format hexadecimal floating point, in
489 big-endian byte order.
491 Z architecture also supports IEEE 754 floating point. The ZS and ZL
492 formats are only for use with very old input files.
494 The default is NATIVE.
497 Program input subcommands affect the way that programs are parsed when
498 they are typed interactively or run from a command file. They are
502 This is a single character indicating the end of a command. The default
503 is @samp{.}. Don't change this.
506 Whether a blank line is interpreted as ending the current command. The
510 Interaction subcommands affect the way that PSPP interacts with an
511 online user. The interaction subcommands are
515 The command continuation prompt. The default is @samp{ > }.
518 Prompt used when expecting data input within @cmd{BEGIN DATA} (@pxref{BEGIN
519 DATA}). The default is @samp{data> }.
522 Whether an error causes PSPP to stop processing the current command
523 file after finishing the current command. The default is OFF.
526 The maximum number of errors before PSPP halts processing of the current
527 command file. The default is 50.
530 The maximum number of warnings + errors before PSPP halts processing the
531 current command file. The default is 100.
534 The command prompt. The default is @samp{PSPP> }.
537 Program execution subcommands control the way that PSPP commands
538 execute. The program execution subcommands are
548 The maximum number of iterations for an uncontrolled loop (@pxref{LOOP}).
551 The initial pseudo-random number seed. Set to a real number or to
552 RANDOM, which will obtain an initial seed from the current time of day.
558 Data output subcommands affect the format of output data. These
567 @anchor{CCx Settings}
569 Set up custom currency formats. @xref{Custom Currency Formats}, for
573 The default DOT setting causes the decimal point character to be
574 @samp{.}. A setting of COMMA causes the decimal point character to be
578 Allows the default numeric input/output format to be specified. The
579 default is F8.2. @xref{Input and Output Formats}.
584 PSPP extension to set the byte ordering (endianness) used for writing
585 data in IB or PIB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric
586 Formats}). In MSBFIRST ordering, the most-significant byte appears at
587 the left end of a IB or PIB field. In LSBFIRST ordering, the
588 least-significant byte appears at the left end. VAX ordering is like
589 MSBFIRST, except that each pair of bytes is in reverse order. NATIVE,
590 the default, is equivalent to MSBFIRST or LSBFIRST depending on the
591 native format of the machine running PSPP.
596 PSPP extension to set the floating-point format used for writing data in
597 RB format (@pxref{Binary and Hexadecimal Numeric Formats}). The choices
598 are the same as SET RIB. The default is NATIVE.
601 Output routing subcommands affect where the output of transformations
602 and procedures is sent. These subcommands are
607 If turned on, commands are written to the listing file as they are read
608 from command files. The default is OFF.
618 Output driver option subcommands affect output drivers' settings. These
638 Logging subcommands affect logging of commands executed to external
639 files. These subcommands are
644 These subcommands, which are synonyms, control the journal. The
645 default is ON, which causes commands entered interactively to be
646 written to the journal file. Commands included from syntax files that
647 are included interactively and error messages printed by PSPP are also
648 written to the journal file, prefixed by @samp{>}. OFF disables use
651 The journal is named @file{pspp.jnl} by default. A different name may
655 System file subcommands affect the default format of system files
656 produced by PSPP. These subcommands are
663 Whether system files created by @cmd{SAVE} or @cmd{XSAVE} are
664 compressed by default. The default is ON.
667 Security subcommands affect the operations that commands are allowed to
668 perform. The security subcommands are
672 Setting this option disables the following operations:
680 The PERMISSIONS command.
682 Pipes (file names beginning or ending with @samp{|}).
685 Be aware that this setting does not guarantee safety (commands can still
686 overwrite files, for instance) but it is an improvement.
687 When set, this setting cannot be reset during the same session, for
688 obvious security reasons.
692 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
721 @cmd{SHOW} can be used to display the current state of PSPP's execution
722 parameters. Parameters that can be changed using @cmd{SET}
723 (@pxref{SET}), can be examined using @cmd{SHOW} using the subcommand
724 with the same name. @code{SHOW} supports the following additional
731 Show all custom currency settings (CCA through CCE).
733 Show details of the lack of warranty for PSPP.
735 Display the terms of PSPP's copyright licence (@pxref{License}).
738 Specifying @cmd{SHOW} without any subcommands is equivalent to SHOW ALL.
745 SUBTITLE 'subtitle_string'.
747 SUBTITLE subtitle_string.
750 @cmd{SUBTITLE} provides a subtitle to a particular PSPP
751 run. This subtitle appears at the top of each output page below the
752 title, if headers are enabled on the output device.
754 Specify a subtitle as a string in quotes. The alternate syntax that did
755 not require quotes is now obsolete. If it is used then the subtitle is
756 converted to all uppercase.
763 TITLE 'title_string'.
768 @cmd{TITLE} provides a title to a particular PSPP run.
769 This title appears at the top of each output page, if headers are enabled
770 on the output device.
772 Specify a title as a string in quotes. The alternate syntax that did
773 not require quotes is now obsolete. If it is used then the title is
774 converted to all uppercase.