+First keyboards with an XT interface. +There is no keyboard controller, no commands to the keyboard. +On a modern computer these will usually yield "keyboard error" +or "KB/interface error" or some such, but sometimes they can be +used nevertheless. +
The IBM PC (all models) and the IBM XT (models 68, 78, 86, 87, 88, +267, 277) came with this 83-key keyboard. +The IBM AT (models 68, 99, 239, 319) came with an 84-key keyboard. +The IBM XT (models 89, 268, 278, 286) and the IBM AT model 339 +came with a 101-key keyboard. +
The original IBM 83-key PC/XT keyboard did not have LEDs. +The original IBM 84-key AT keyboard has LEDs, separates the +keypad from the main area, moves the Esc key to the right, +and adds the SysReq key. +The original IBM 101-key keyboard moves the ten function keys +from the left to the top row and adds two more. The Esc key is moved +in front of this row of function keys. The "number" and "cursor" +functions of the keypad are separated. There are duplicate Ctrl and Alt +keys. +
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The +XT keyboard +has 83 keys, nicely numbered 1-83, that is, with scancodes +01-53. No escaped scancodes. +
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This +Victor keyboard +is very similar. The keypad is separated here, and the Esc key +has been moved to the keypad. The frontside of the ScrollLock key +says Break. It resembles an AT keyboard but has only 83 keys, +the SysRq is still missing. +
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John Elliott writes: +The Olivetti M24 is an XT sort-of clone. It +has two possible keyboards - the normal (83-key) IBM one, +and a "deluxe" one (102 keys) with 18 function keys. +
Unlike a normal XT keyboard, it is possible to send commands to it. +The BIOS does this twice: +(1) Command 01h makes the keyboard perform a self-test. +(2) Command 05h makes the keyboard return a 1-byte ID. The least signficant +bit is set for a "deluxe" layout. +
The keyboard connector is DE-9 rather than DIN. Pins are: +
+1 KBDATA +2 KBCLOCK +3 GND +4 GND +5 +12V +6 -RESET1 +7 Keyboard/-Typewriter +8 TEST0 +9 +5V ++ +(pins 6-9 are not used by the supplied keyboards). +
Attached +the diagram +of the 'deluxe' keyboard, which shows its scancodes in decimal. +
A mouse can be attached to the keyboard. The following is based +on disassembling attmouse.drv from Windows 1.0. +
Windows initialises the mouse by sending the following bytes to the +keyboard: 0x12, 0x77, 0x78, 0x79, 0x00. +The 0x12 is almost certainly a command byte; 0x77, 0x78 and 0x79 are the +scancodes to be returned by the three mouse buttons. I don't know what the +0x00 is for. +
It then handles the following scancodes: +0xFE -- mouse movement. The next two scancodes are delta X, then delta Y, +in ones' complement. +0x77, 0x78, 0x79 (and 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9) -- button presses / releases. +
When shutting down the mouse, it sends these bytes to the keyboard: +0x11, 0x1C, 0x53, 0x01, 0x4B, 0x4D, 0x48, 0x50, 0x02, 0x04. +My guesses here are: +0x11: Mouse movement becomes simulated keypresses. +0x1C, 0x53, 0x01: Scancodes to be returned by mouse button presses. +0x4B, 0x4D, 0x48, 0x50: Scancodes to be returned by mouse movement. +0x02, 0x04: Don't know. +
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The +Telerate keyboard was used +for financial applications, as is clear from the keycaps. +This keyboard (in the old XT version, without e0 prefixes) +has four additional keys, with scancodes 61, +62, 63, 64. The F11 and F12 keys have +scancodes 54 and 55 (instead of the common 57 +and 58). There are two LEDs (for CapsLock and NumLock). +
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Also with an XT interface this +NCR keyboard, +still with ten function keys on the left, but already with a separate +block of keys between the ordinary keys and the numeric keypad. +This middle block has on top five keys +Ctrl (1d, same as the Ctrl on the left), +Del (53, same as Keypad-Del/.), +PgUp (49, same as Keypad-9/PgUp), +End (4f, same as Keypad-1/End), +PgDn (51, same as Keypad-3/PgDn), and below five cursor keys +(48, same as Keypad-8/Up; +4b, same as Keypad-4/Left; +47, same as Keypad-7/Home; +4d, same as Keypad-6/Right; +50, same as Keypad-2/Down). +Enter and Keypad-enter are both 1c. +Below the Enter key PrtScn/* (37), and below that again +Ins (52, same as Keypad-0/Ins). +CapsLock and NumLock have a built-in LED. +
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According to +FreeKEYB/kbdinfo.html +this keyboard has five additional keys with scancodes +55 (F11), 56 (F12), +57 (F13), 58 (F14), 59 (F15). +
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