From: Ben Pfaff Date: Mon, 15 Mar 2004 05:58:21 +0000 (+0000) Subject: Add details on how various features interact. X-Git-Tag: v0.4.0~326 X-Git-Url: https://pintos-os.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?a=commitdiff_plain;h=42b39a3f442bbe61d6b31cb4e07ba4d6c8b4b1f8;p=pspp-builds.git Add details on how various features interact. --- diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog b/doc/ChangeLog index 92684ec4..99a3e95e 100644 --- a/doc/ChangeLog +++ b/doc/ChangeLog @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ +Sun Mar 14 21:50:56 2004 Ben Pfaff + + * pspp.texi: Added details on how various features interact. + Fri Mar 12 16:33:12 WST 2004 John Darrington * Added indeces for the commands in the STATISTICS section diff --git a/doc/pspp.texi b/doc/pspp.texi index cda0308f..e79f8f62 100644 --- a/doc/pspp.texi +++ b/doc/pspp.texi @@ -4757,6 +4757,7 @@ results. @cindex cross-case function @cindex function, cross-case @deftypefn {Function} {} LAG (@var{variable}) +@anchor{LAG} @var{variable} must be a numeric or string variable name. @code{LAG} results in the value of that variable for the case before the current one. In case-selection procedures, @code{LAG} results in the value of @@ -6021,7 +6022,7 @@ including the active file. Records with the same values for BY variables are combined into a single record. Records with different values are output in order. Thus, multiple sorted system files are combined into a single sorted system file based on the value of the BY -variables. +variables. The results of the merge become the new active file. The BY subcommand specifies a list of variables that are used to match records from each of the system files. Variables specified must exist @@ -6054,6 +6055,9 @@ string variables. IN, FIRST, LAST, and MAP are currently not used. +@cmd{MATCH FILES} may not be specified following @cmd{TEMPORARY} +(@pxref{TEMPORARY}) if the active file is used as an input source. + @node SAVE, SYSFILE INFO, MATCH FILES, System and Portable Files @section SAVE @vindex SAVE @@ -6382,6 +6386,9 @@ MAP is currently ignored. If either DROP or KEEP is specified, the data is read; otherwise it is not. +@cmd{MODIFY VARS} may not be specified following @cmd{TEMPORARY} +(@pxref{TEMPORARY}). + @node NUMERIC, PRINT FORMATS, MODIFY VARS, Variable Attributes @section NUMERIC @vindex NUMERIC @@ -6433,6 +6440,9 @@ name. Multiple parenthesized groups of variables may be specified. @cmd{RENAME VARIABLES} takes effect immediately. It does not cause the data to be read. +@cmd{RENAME VARIABLES} may not be specified following @cmd{TEMPORARY} +(@pxref{TEMPORARY}). + @node VALUE LABELS, STRING, RENAME VARIABLES, Variable Attributes @section VALUE LABELS @vindex VALUE LABELS @@ -6740,9 +6750,13 @@ Using @cmd{COMPUTE} to assign to a variable specified on @cmd{LEAVE} (@pxref{LEAVE}) resets the variable's left state. Therefore, @code{LEAVE} should be specified following @cmd{COMPUTE}, not before. -COMPUTE is a transformation. It does not cause the active file to be +@cmd{COMPUTE} is a transformation. It does not cause the active file to be read. +When @cmd{COMPUTE} is specified following @cmd{TEMPORARY} +(@pxref{TEMPORARY}), the @cmd{LAG} function may not be used +(@pxref{LAG}). + @node COUNT, FLIP, COMPUTE, Data Manipulation @section COUNT @vindex COUNT @@ -6887,6 +6901,9 @@ the active file is subsequently transposed using @cmd{FLIP}, this variable can be used to recreate the original variable names. +FLIP honors N OF CASES. It ignores TEMPORARY, so that ``temporary'' +transformations become permanent. + @node IF, RECODE, FLIP, Data Manipulation @section IF @vindex IF @@ -6921,6 +6938,10 @@ Using @cmd{IF} to assign to a variable specified on @cmd{LEAVE} (@pxref{LEAVE}) resets the variable's left state. Therefore, @code{LEAVE} should be specified following @cmd{IF}, not before. +When @cmd{IF} is specified following @cmd{TEMPORARY} +(@pxref{TEMPORARY}), the @cmd{LAG} function may not be used +(@pxref{LAG}). + @node RECODE, SORT CASES, IF, Data Manipulation @section RECODE @vindex RECODE @@ -7010,13 +7031,9 @@ preceding them. @cmd{SORT CASES} attempts to sort the entire active file in main memory. If main memory is exhausted, it falls back to a merge sort algorithm that -involves writing and reading numerous temporary files. Environment -variables determine the temporary files' location. The first of -SPSSTMPDIR, SPSSXTMPDIR, or TMPDIR that is set determines the location. -Otherwise, if the compiler environment defined P_tmpdir, that is used. -Otherwise, under Unix-like OSes /tmp is used; under MS-DOS, the first of -TEMP, TMP, or root on the current drive is used; under other OSes, the -current directory. +involves writing and reading numerous temporary files. + +@cmd{SORT CASES} may not be specified following TEMPORARY. @node Data Selection, Conditionals and Looping, Data Manipulation, Top @chapter Selecting data for analysis @@ -7051,14 +7068,18 @@ To set up filtering, specify BY and a variable name. Keyword BY is optional but recommended. Cases which have a zero or system- or user-missing value are excluded from analysis, but not deleted from the data stream. Cases with other values are analyzed. +To filter based on a different condition, use +transformations such as @cmd{COMPUTE} or @cmd{RECODE} to compute a +filter variable of the required form, then specify that variable on +@cmd{FILTER}. @code{FILTER OFF} turns off case filtering. Filtering takes place immediately before cases pass to a procedure for analysis. Only one filter variable may be active at a time. Normally, case filtering continues until it is explicitly turned off with @code{FILTER -OFF}. However, if @cmd{FILTER} is placed after TEMPORARY, filtering stops -after execution of the next procedure or procedure-like command. +OFF}. However, if @cmd{FILTER} is placed after TEMPORARY, it filters only +the next procedure or procedure-like command. @node N OF CASES, PROCESS IF, FILTER, Data Selection @section N OF CASES @@ -7111,6 +7132,9 @@ read in data. @code{ESTIMATED} never limits the number of cases processed by procedures. PSPP currently does not make use of case count estimates. +When @cmd{N} is specified after @cmd{TEMPORARY}, it affects only +the next procedure (@pxref{TEMPORARY}). + @node PROCESS IF, SAMPLE, N OF CASES, Data Selection @section PROCESS IF @vindex PROCESS IF @@ -7136,6 +7160,11 @@ The effects of @cmd{PROCESS IF} are similar, but not identical, to the effects of executing @cmd{TEMPORARY}, then @cmd{SELECT IF} (@pxref{SELECT IF}). +The filtering performed by @cmd{PROCESS IF} takes place immediately +before cases pass to a procedure for analysis. Because @cmd{PROCESS +IF} affects only a single procedure, its placement relative to +@cmd{TEMPORARY} is unimportant. + @cmd{PROCESS IF} is deprecated. It is included for compatibility with old command files. New syntax files should use @cmd{SELECT IF} or @cmd{FILTER} instead. @@ -7148,10 +7177,9 @@ old command files. New syntax files should use @cmd{SELECT IF} or SAMPLE num1 [FROM num2]. @end display -@cmd{SAMPLE} is used to randomly sample a proportion of the cases in -the active file. @cmd{SAMPLE} is temporary, affecting only the next -procedure, unless that is a data transformation, such as @cmd{SELECT IF} -or @cmd{RECODE}. +@cmd{SAMPLE} randomly samples a proportion of the cases in the active +file. Unless it follows @cmd{TEMPORARY}, it operates as a +transformation, permanently removing cases from the active file. The proportion to sample can be expressed as a single number between 0 and 1. If @code{k} is the number specified, and @code{N} is the number @@ -7177,13 +7205,11 @@ active, exactly @var{m} cases will be selected @emph{from the first @var{N} cases in the active file.} @end enumerate -@cmd{SAMPLE}, @cmd{SELECT IF}, and @code{PROCESS IF} are performed in +@cmd{SAMPLE} and @cmd{SELECT IF} are performed in the order specified by the syntax file. -@cmd{SAMPLE} is ignored before @code{SORT CASES}. - @cmd{SAMPLE} is always performed before @code{N OF CASES}, regardless -of ordering in the syntax file. @xref{N OF CASES}. +of ordering in the syntax file (@pxref{N OF CASES}). The same values for @cmd{SAMPLE} may result in different samples. To obtain the same sample, use the @code{SET} command to set the random @@ -7214,6 +7240,10 @@ Place @cmd{SELECT IF} as early in the command file as possible. Cases that are deleted early can be processed more efficiently in time and space. +When @cmd{SELECT IF} is specified following @cmd{TEMPORARY} +(@pxref{TEMPORARY}), the @cmd{LAG} function may not be used +(@pxref{LAG}). + @node SPLIT FILE, TEMPORARY, SELECT IF, Data Selection @section SPLIT FILE @vindex SPLIT FILE @@ -7237,6 +7267,9 @@ variable values for the group are printed along with the analysis. Specify OFF to disable @cmd{SPLIT FILE} and resume analysis of the entire active file as a single group of data. +When @cmd{SPLIT FILE} is specified after @cmd{TEMPORARY}, it affects only +the next procedure (@pxref{TEMPORARY}). + @node TEMPORARY, WEIGHT, SPLIT FILE, Data Selection @section TEMPORARY @vindex TEMPORARY @@ -7250,11 +7283,13 @@ following its execution temporary. These transformations will affect only the execution of the next procedure or procedure-like command. Their effects will not be saved to the active file. -The only specification is the command name. +The only specification on @cmd{TEMPORARY} is the command name. @cmd{TEMPORARY} may not appear within a @cmd{DO IF} or @cmd{LOOP} -construct. It may -appear only once between procedures and procedure-like commands. +construct. It may appear only once between procedures and +procedure-like commands. + +Scratch variables cannot be used following @cmd{TEMPORARY}. An example may help to clarify: @@ -7309,6 +7344,9 @@ integers, but negative and system-missing values for the weighting variable are interpreted as weighting factors of 0. User-missing values are not treated specially. +When @cmd{WEIGHT} is specified after @cmd{TEMPORARY}, it affects only +the next procedure (@pxref{TEMPORARY}). + @cmd{WEIGHT} does not cause cases in the active file to be replicated in memory. @@ -7369,6 +7407,10 @@ the boolean expression on the first @cmd{ELSE IF}, if present, is tested in turn, with the same rules applied. If all expressions evaluate to false, then the @cmd{ELSE} code block is executed, if it is present. +When @cmd{DO IF} or @cmd{ELSE IF} is specified following @cmd{TEMPORARY} +(@pxref{TEMPORARY}), the @cmd{LAG} function may not be used +(@pxref{LAG}). + @node DO REPEAT, LOOP, DO IF, Conditionals and Looping @section DO REPEAT @vindex DO REPEAT @@ -7468,6 +7510,10 @@ loop is executed MXLOOPS (@pxref{SET}) times. @cmd{BREAK} also terminates @cmd{LOOP} execution (@pxref{BREAK}). +When @cmd{LOOP} or @cmd{END LOOP} is specified following @cmd{TEMPORARY} +(@pxref{TEMPORARY}), the @cmd{LAG} function may not be used +(@pxref{LAG}). + @node Statistics, Utilities, Conditionals and Looping, Top @chapter Statistics