@section Safe Allocation Macros
The standard C library malloc/realloc/calloc/free APIs are prone to a
-number of common coding errors. The @code{safe-alloc} module provides
-macros that make it easier to avoid many of them. It still uses the
+number of common coding errors. The @code{safe-alloc} module provides
+macros that make it easier to avoid many of them. It still uses the
standard C allocation functions behind the scenes.
Some of the memory allocation mistakes that are commonly made are
@itemize @bullet
@item
passing the incorrect number of bytes to @code{malloc}, especially
-when allocationg an array
+when allocating an array,
@item
fail to check the return value of @code{malloc} and @code{realloc} for
-errors
+errors,
@item
-forget to fully initialize memory just allocated with @code{malloc}
+forget to fully initialize memory just allocated with @code{malloc},
@item
duplicate calls to @code{free} by forgetting to set the pointer
-variable to @code{NULL}
+variable to @code{NULL},
@item
-leaking memory in calls to @code{realloc} when that call fails
+leaking memory in calls to @code{realloc} when that call fails.
@end itemize
The @code{safe-alloc} module addresses these problems in the following way:
@itemize @bullet
@item
-Define macros that wrap around the standard C allocation
-functions. That makes it possible to use the compiler's knowledge of
+It defines macros that wrap around the standard C allocation
+functions. That makes it possible to use the compiler's knowledge of
the size of objects for allocation; it also allows setting pointers
-passed in as arguments when appropriate
+passed in as arguments when appropriate.
@item
-Use return values only for a success/fail error condition flag,
-and annotate them with GCC's @code{__warn_unused_result__}
+It uses return values only for a success/failure error condition flag,
+and annotates them with GCC's @code{__warn_unused_result__} attribute.
@item
-Use @code{calloc} in favor of @code{malloc}
+It uses @code{calloc} instead of @code{malloc}.
@end itemize
@defmac {int} ALLOC (ptr)
@findex ALLOC
Allocate @code{sizeof(*ptr)} bytes of memory and store the address of
-allocated memory in @code{ptr}. Fill the newly allocated memory with
+allocated memory in @code{ptr}. Fill the newly allocated memory with
zeros.
Returns -1 on failure, 0 on success.
@end defmac
-@defmac {int} ALLOC_N(ptr, count)
+@defmac {int} ALLOC_N (ptr, count)
@findex ALLOC_N
Allocate an array of @code{count} elements, each @code{sizeof(*ptr)}
-bytes long and store the address of allocated memory in
-@code{ptr}. Fill the newly allocated memory with zeros.
+bytes long, and store the address of allocated memory in
+@code{ptr}. Fill the newly allocated memory with zeros.
Returns -1 on failure, 0 on success.
@end defmac
-@defmac {int} ALLOC_N_UNINITIALIZED(ptr, count)
+@defmac {int} ALLOC_N_UNINITIALIZED (ptr, count)
@findex ALLOC_N_UNINITIALIZED
Allocate an array of @code{count} elements, each @code{sizeof(*ptr)}
-bytes long and store the address of allocated memory in
-@code{ptr}. The allocated memory is not initialized.
+bytes long, and store the address of allocated memory in
+@code{ptr}. The allocated memory is not initialized.
Returns -1 on failure, 0 on success.
@end defmac
-@defmac {int} REALLOC_N(ptr, count)
+@defmac {int} REALLOC_N (ptr, count)
@findex REALLOC_N
-Reallocate the memory pointedto by @code{ptr} to be big enough to hold
-at least @code{count} elements, each @code{sizeof(*ptr)} bytes long
-and store the address of allocated memory in @code{ptr}. If
-reallocation fails, the @code{ptr} is not modified.
+Reallocate the memory pointed to by @code{ptr} to be big enough to hold
+at least @code{count} elements, each @code{sizeof(*ptr)} bytes long,
+and store the address of allocated memory in @code{ptr}. If
+reallocation fails, the @code{ptr} variable is not modified.
Returns -1 on failure, 0 on success.
@end defmac
-@defmac {void} FREE(ptr)
+@defmac {void} FREE (ptr)
@findex FREE
Free the memory stored in @code{ptr} and set @code{ptr} to
@code{NULL}.