* ROC:: Receiver Operating Characteristic.
@end menu
-@node DESCRIPTIVES, FREQUENCIES, Statistics, Statistics
+@node DESCRIPTIVES
@section DESCRIPTIVES
@vindex DESCRIPTIVES
@caption {Descriptives statistics including two normalized variables (Z-scores)}
@end float
-@node FREQUENCIES, EXAMINE, DESCRIPTIVES, Statistics
+@node FREQUENCIES
@section FREQUENCIES
@vindex FREQUENCIES
@caption {The relative frequencies of @exvar{sex} and @exvar{occupation}}
@end float
-@node EXAMINE, GRAPH, FREQUENCIES, Statistics
+@node EXAMINE
@section EXAMINE
@vindex EXAMINE
for which there are many distinct values, then @cmd{EXAMINE} will produce a very
large quantity of output.
-@node GRAPH, CORRELATIONS, EXAMINE, Statistics
+@node GRAPH
@section GRAPH
@vindex GRAPH
can be produced per call of @cmd{GRAPH}. The @subcmd{MISSING} is optional.
@menu
-* SCATTERPLOT:: Cartesian Plots
-* HISTOGRAM:: Histograms
-* BAR CHART:: Bar Charts
+* SCATTERPLOT:: Cartesian Plots
+* HISTOGRAM:: Histograms
+* BAR CHART:: Bar Charts
@end menu
-@node SCATTERPLOT, HISTOGRAM, GRAPH, GRAPH
+@node SCATTERPLOT
@subsection Scatterplot
@cindex scatterplot
on the value of the @var{gender} variable, the colour of the datapoint is different. With
this plot it is possible to analyze gender differences for @var{height} versus @var{weight} relation.
-@node HISTOGRAM, BAR CHART, SCATTERPLOT, GRAPH
+@node HISTOGRAM
@subsection Histogram
@cindex histogram
/HISTOGRAM = @var{weight}.
@end example
-@node BAR CHART, , HISTOGRAM, GRAPH
+@node BAR CHART
@subsection Bar Chart
@cindex bar chart
Bar charts can also be produced using the @ref{FREQUENCIES} and @ref{CROSSTABS} commands.
-@node CORRELATIONS, CROSSTABS, GRAPH, Statistics
+@node CORRELATIONS
@section CORRELATIONS
@vindex CORRELATIONS
be displayed for each pair of variables.
The keyword @subcmd{ALL} is the union of @subcmd{DESCRIPTIVES} and @subcmd{XPROD}.
-@node CROSSTABS, CTABLES, CORRELATIONS, Statistics
+@node CROSSTABS
@section CROSSTABS
@vindex CROSSTABS
@caption {The results of a test of independence between @exvar{sex} and @exvar{occupation}}
@end float
-@node CTABLES, FACTOR, CROSSTABS, Statistics
+@node CTABLES
@section CTABLES
@vindex CTABLES
* CTABLES Data Summarization::
@end menu
-@node CTABLES Basics, CTABLES Data Summarization, CTABLES, CTABLES
+@node CTABLES Basics
@subsection Basics
The only required subcommand is @code{TABLE}, which specifies the
* CTABLES Multiple Response Sets::
@end menu
-@node CTABLES Categorical Variable Basics, CTABLES Scalar Variable Basics, CTABLES Basics, CTABLES Basics
+@node CTABLES Categorical Variable Basics
@subsubsection Categorical Variables
An axis expression that names a categorical variable divides the data
@end example
@psppoutput {ctables5}
-@node CTABLES Scalar Variable Basics, CTABLES Overriding Measurement Level, CTABLES Categorical Variable Basics, CTABLES Basics
+@node CTABLES Scalar Variable Basics
@subsubsection Scalar Variables
Categorical variables make @code{CTABLES} divide tables into cells.
indirectly. Scalar variables may only appear on one axis within
@code{TABLE}.
-@node CTABLES Overriding Measurement Level, CTABLES Multiple Response Sets, CTABLES Scalar Variable Basics, CTABLES Basics
+@node CTABLES Overriding Measurement Level
@subsubsection Overriding Measurement Level
By default, @code{CTABLES} uses a variable's measurement level to
@end example
@psppoutput {ctables9}
-@node CTABLES Multiple Response Sets, , CTABLES Overriding Measurement Level, CTABLES Basics
+@node CTABLES Multiple Response Sets
@subsubheading Multiple Response Sets
The @code{CTABLES} command does not yet support multiple response
sets.
-@node CTABLES Data Summarization, , CTABLES Basics, CTABLES
+@node CTABLES Data Summarization
@subsection Data Summarization
The @code{CTABLES} command allows the user to control how the data are
@end example
@psppoutput {ctables11}
-Parentheses are a shorthand to apply summary specifications to
+Parentheses provide a shorthand to apply summary specifications to
multiple variables. For example, both of these commands:
@example
@psppoutput {ctables12}
-The following sections list the available summary functions.
+The following section lists the available summary functions.
@menu
* CTABLES Summary Functions for Categorical and Scale Variables::
@end menu
-@node CTABLES Summary Functions for Categorical and Scale Variables, , CTABLES Data Summarization, CTABLES Data Summarization
-@subsubsection Summary Functions for Categorical and Scale Variables
+@node CTABLES Summary Functions
+@subsubsection Summary Functions
This section lists the summary functions that can be applied to cells
in @code{CTABLES}. Many of these functions have an @var{area} in
@end table
@end itemize
-The following table lists summary functions that may be applied to any
-variable regardless of whether it is categorical or scalar, along with
-their default labels:
+The following summary functions may be applied to any variable
+regardless of whether it is categorical or scalar. The default label
+for each function is listed in parentheses:
@table @asis
@item @code{COUNT} (``Count'')
The sum of weights in a cell.
-@item @i{area}@code{PCT} or @i{area}@code{PCT.COUNT} (``@i{Area} %'')
+@item @code{@i{area}PCT} or @code{@i{area}PCT.COUNT} (``@i{Area} %'')
A percentage within the specified @var{area}.
-@item @i{area}@code{PCT.VALIDN} (``@i{Area} Valid N %'')
+@item @code{@i{area}PCT.VALIDN} (``@i{Area} Valid N %'')
A percentage of valid values within the specified @var{area}.
-@item @i{area}@code{PCT.TOTALN} (``@i{Area} Total N %'')
+@item @code{@i{area}PCT.TOTALN} (``@i{Area} Total N %'')
A percentage of total values within the specified @var{area}.
@end table
-The following table lists summary functions that apply only to scale
-variables:
+The following summary functions apply only to scale variables:
@table @asis
@item @code{MAXIMUM} (``Maximum'')
@item @code{MODE} (``Mode'')
The highest-frequency value. Ties are broken by taking the smallest mode.
-@item @i{area}@code{PCT.SUM} (``@i{Area} Sum %'')
+@item @code{@i{area}PCT.SUM} (``@i{Area} Sum %'')
Percentage of the sum of the values across @var{area}.
@item @code{PTILE} @i{n} (``Percentile @i{n}'')
the summary function without the @samp{E}-prefix:
@itemize @bullet
-@item @code{ECOUNT} (``Adjusted Count'')
-@item @code{ETOTALN} (``Adjusted Total N'')
-@item @code{EVALIDN} (``Adjusted Valid N'')
+@item
+@code{ECOUNT} (``Adjusted Count'')
+
+@item
+@code{ETOTALN} (``Adjusted Total N'')
+
+@item
+@code{EVALIDN} (``Adjusted Valid N'')
@end itemize
The following summary functions with a @samp{U}-prefix are equivalent
-to those without a prefix, except that they use unweighted counts:
+to the same ones without the prefix, except that they use unweighted
+counts:
@itemize @bullet
-@item @code{UCOUNT} (``Unweighted Count'')
-@item @code{U}@i{area}@code{PCT} or @code{U}@i{area}@code{PCT.COUNT} (``Unweighted @i{Area} %'')
-@item @code{U}@i{area}@code{PCT.VALIDN} (``Unweighted @i{Area} Valid N %'')
-@item @code{U}@i{area}@code{PCT.TOTALN} (``Unweighted @i{Area} Total N %'')
-@item @code{UMEAN} (``Unweighted Mean'')
-@item @code{UMEDIAN} (``Unweighted Median'')
-@item @code{UMISSING} (``Unweighted Missing'')
-@item @code{UMODE} (``Unweight Mode'')
-@item @code{U}@i{area}@code{PCT.SUM} (``Unweighted @i{Area} Sum %'')
-@item @code{UPTILE} @i{n} (``Unweighted Percentile @i{n}'')
-@item @code{USEMEAN} (``Unweighted Std Error of Mean'')
-@item @code{USTDDEV} (``Unweighted Std Deviation'')
-@item @code{USUM} (``Unweighted Sum'')
-@item @code{UTOTALN} (``Unweighted Total N'')
-@item @code{UVALIDN} (``Unweighted Valid N'')
-@item @code{UVARIANCE} (``Unweighted Variance'')
+@item
+@code{UCOUNT} (``Unweighted Count'')
+
+@item
+@code{U@i{area}PCT} or @code{U@i{area}PCT.COUNT} (``Unweighted @i{Area} %'')
+
+@item
+@code{U@i{area}PCT.VALIDN} (``Unweighted @i{Area} Valid N %'')
+
+@item
+@code{U@i{area}PCT.TOTALN} (``Unweighted @i{Area} Total N %'')
+
+@item
+@code{UMEAN} (``Unweighted Mean'')
+
+@item
+@code{UMEDIAN} (``Unweighted Median'')
+
+@item
+@code{UMISSING} (``Unweighted Missing'')
+
+@item
+@code{UMODE} (``Unweight Mode'')
+
+@item
+@code{U@i{area}PCT.SUM} (``Unweighted @i{Area} Sum %'')
+
+@item
+@code{UPTILE} @i{n} (``Unweighted Percentile @i{n}'')
+
+@item
+@code{USEMEAN} (``Unweighted Std Error of Mean'')
+
+@item
+@code{USTDDEV} (``Unweighted Std Deviation'')
+
+@item
+@code{USUM} (``Unweighted Sum'')
+
+@item
+@code{UTOTALN} (``Unweighted Total N'')
+
+@item
+@code{UVALIDN} (``Unweighted Valid N'')
+
+@item
+@code{UVARIANCE} (``Unweighted Variance'')
@end itemize
-@node FACTOR, GLM, CTABLES, Statistics
+@node FACTOR
@section FACTOR
@vindex FACTOR
either of the values for the particular coefficient are missing.
The default is @subcmd{LISTWISE}.
-@node GLM, LOGISTIC REGRESSION, FACTOR, Statistics
+@node GLM
@section GLM
@vindex GLM
A case for which any dependent variable or any factor
variable has a missing value is excluded from the analysis.
-@node LOGISTIC REGRESSION, MEANS, GLM, Statistics
+@node LOGISTIC REGRESSION
@section LOGISTIC REGRESSION
@vindex LOGISTIC REGRESSION
values are excluded as well as system-missing values.
This is the default.
-@node MEANS, NPAR TESTS, LOGISTIC REGRESSION, Statistics
+@node MEANS
@section MEANS
@vindex MEANS
will not be easy to interpret.
So you should consider carefully which variables to select for participation in the analysis.
-@node NPAR TESTS, T-TEST, MEANS, Statistics
+@node NPAR TESTS
@section NPAR TESTS
@vindex NPAR TESTS
@menu
-* BINOMIAL:: Binomial Test
-* CHISQUARE:: Chi-square Test
-* COCHRAN:: Cochran Q Test
-* FRIEDMAN:: Friedman Test
-* KENDALL:: Kendall's W Test
-* KOLMOGOROV-SMIRNOV:: Kolmogorov Smirnov Test
-* KRUSKAL-WALLIS:: Kruskal-Wallis Test
-* MANN-WHITNEY:: Mann Whitney U Test
-* MCNEMAR:: McNemar Test
-* MEDIAN:: Median Test
-* RUNS:: Runs Test
-* SIGN:: The Sign Test
-* WILCOXON:: Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test
+* BINOMIAL:: Binomial Test
+* CHISQUARE:: Chi-square Test
+* COCHRAN:: Cochran Q Test
+* FRIEDMAN:: Friedman Test
+* KENDALL:: Kendall's W Test
+* KOLMOGOROV-SMIRNOV:: Kolmogorov Smirnov Test
+* KRUSKAL-WALLIS:: Kruskal-Wallis Test
+* MANN-WHITNEY:: Mann Whitney U Test
+* MCNEMAR:: McNemar Test
+* MEDIAN:: Median Test
+* RUNS:: Runs Test
+* SIGN:: The Sign Test
+* WILCOXON:: Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test
@end menu
-@node BINOMIAL, CHISQUARE, NPAR TESTS, NPAR TESTS
+@node BINOMIAL
@subsection Binomial test
@vindex BINOMIAL
@cindex binomial test
even for very large sample sizes.
-@node CHISQUARE, COCHRAN, BINOMIAL, NPAR TESTS
+@node CHISQUARE
@subsection Chi-square Test
@vindex CHISQUARE
@cindex chi-square test
@end float
-@node COCHRAN, FRIEDMAN, CHISQUARE, NPAR TESTS
+@node COCHRAN
@subsection Cochran Q Test
@vindex Cochran
@cindex Cochran Q test
The value of Q is displayed along with its Asymptotic significance
based on a chi-square distribution.
-@node FRIEDMAN, KENDALL, COCHRAN, NPAR TESTS
+@node FRIEDMAN
@subsection Friedman Test
@vindex FRIEDMAN
@cindex Friedman test
A list of variables which contain the measured data must be given. The procedure
prints the sum of ranks for each variable, the test statistic and its significance.
-@node KENDALL, KOLMOGOROV-SMIRNOV, FRIEDMAN, NPAR TESTS
+@node KENDALL
@subsection Kendall's W Test
@vindex KENDALL
@cindex Kendall's W test
unity indicates complete agreement.
-@node KOLMOGOROV-SMIRNOV, KRUSKAL-WALLIS, KENDALL, NPAR TESTS
+@node KOLMOGOROV-SMIRNOV
@subsection Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
@vindex KOLMOGOROV-SMIRNOV
@vindex K-S
The abbreviated subcommand @subcmd{K-S} may be used in place of @subcmd{KOLMOGOROV-SMIRNOV}.
-@node KRUSKAL-WALLIS, MANN-WHITNEY, KOLMOGOROV-SMIRNOV, NPAR TESTS
+@node KRUSKAL-WALLIS
@subsection Kruskal-Wallis Test
@vindex KRUSKAL-WALLIS
@vindex K-W
@subcmd{KRUSKAL-WALLIS}.
-@node MANN-WHITNEY, MCNEMAR, KRUSKAL-WALLIS, NPAR TESTS
+@node MANN-WHITNEY
@subsection Mann-Whitney U Test
@vindex MANN-WHITNEY
@vindex M-W
@subcmd{M-W}.
-@node MCNEMAR, MEDIAN, MANN-WHITNEY, NPAR TESTS
+@node MCNEMAR
@subsection McNemar Test
@vindex MCNEMAR
@cindex McNemar test
than two distinct variables an error will occur and the test will
not be run.
-@node MEDIAN, RUNS, MCNEMAR, NPAR TESTS
+@node MEDIAN
@subsection Median Test
@vindex MEDIAN
@cindex Median test
range [@var{value1},@var{value2}].
-@node RUNS, SIGN, MEDIAN, NPAR TESTS
+@node RUNS
@subsection Runs Test
@vindex RUNS
@cindex runs test
The subcommand shows the number of runs, the asymptotic significance based on the
length of the data.
-@node SIGN, WILCOXON, RUNS, NPAR TESTS
+@node SIGN
@subsection Sign Test
@vindex SIGN
@cindex sign test
of variable preceding @code{WITH} against variable following
@code{WITH} are performed.
-@node WILCOXON, , SIGN, NPAR TESTS
+@node WILCOXON
@subsection Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Signed Ranks Test
@vindex WILCOXON
@cindex wilcoxon matched pairs signed ranks test
of variable preceding @subcmd{WITH} against variable following
@subcmd{WITH} are performed.
-@node T-TEST, ONEWAY, NPAR TESTS, Statistics
+@node T-TEST
@section T-TEST
@vindex T-TEST
* Paired Samples Mode:: Testing two interdependent groups for equal mean
@end menu
-@node One Sample Mode, Independent Samples Mode, T-TEST, T-TEST
+@node One Sample Mode
@subsection One Sample Mode
The @subcmd{TESTVAL} subcommand invokes the One Sample mode.
@caption {The results of a one sample T-test of @exvar{weight} using a test value of 76.8kg}
@end float
-@node Independent Samples Mode, Paired Samples Mode, One Sample Mode, T-TEST
+@node Independent Samples Mode
@subsection Independent Samples Mode
The @subcmd{GROUPS} subcommand invokes Independent Samples mode or
@caption {The results of an independent samples T-test of @exvar{height} by @exvar{sex}}
@end float
-@node Paired Samples Mode, , Independent Samples Mode, T-TEST
+@node Paired Samples Mode
@subsection Paired Samples Mode
The @cmd{PAIRS} subcommand introduces Paired Samples mode.
@subcmd{WITH} are generated.
-@node ONEWAY, QUICK CLUSTER, T-TEST, Statistics
+@node ONEWAY
@section ONEWAY
@vindex ONEWAY
@var{value}. If @code{ALPHA(@var{value})} is not specified, then the
confidence level used is 0.05.
-@node QUICK CLUSTER, RANK, ONEWAY, Statistics
+@node QUICK CLUSTER
@section QUICK CLUSTER
@vindex QUICK CLUSTER
the new variable which is to contain the saved parameter. If no variable name is specified,
then PSPP will create one.
-@node RANK, RELIABILITY, QUICK CLUSTER, Statistics
+@node RANK
@section RANK
@vindex RANK
@include regression.texi
-@node RELIABILITY, ROC, RANK, Statistics
+@node RELIABILITY
@section RELIABILITY
@vindex RELIABILITY
@end float
-@node ROC, , RELIABILITY, Statistics
+@node ROC
@section ROC
@vindex ROC