X-Git-Url: https://pintos-os.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=src%2Fthreads%2Finit.c;h=cf7a896222a5e2370b8f03827fda4fbaf9c8d4c1;hb=f0ad7eb8b43516c7a2999fd217ec85d954dfc791;hp=60114bad8dcef89c58f345ceebf72b928541efb9;hpb=e4b11e55cce16307ffae87d90c08bacb1a2f3c66;p=pintos-anon diff --git a/src/threads/init.c b/src/threads/init.c index 60114ba..cf7a896 100644 --- a/src/threads/init.c +++ b/src/threads/init.c @@ -1,171 +1,146 @@ -#include "init.h" -#include -#include +#include "threads/init.h" +#include +#include #include -#include "debug.h" -#include "interrupt.h" -#include "io.h" -#include "kbd.h" -#include "lib.h" -#include "loader.h" -#include "malloc.h" -#include "mmu.h" -#include "paging.h" -#include "palloc.h" -#include "random.h" -#include "serial.h" -#include "thread.h" -#include "timer.h" -#include "vga.h" +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include "devices/kbd.h" +#include "devices/serial.h" +#include "devices/timer.h" +#include "devices/vga.h" +#include "threads/interrupt.h" +#include "threads/io.h" +#include "threads/loader.h" +#include "threads/malloc.h" +#include "threads/mmu.h" +#include "threads/palloc.h" +#include "threads/test.h" +#include "threads/thread.h" +#ifdef USERPROG +#include "userprog/process.h" +#include "userprog/exception.h" +#include "userprog/gdt.h" +#include "userprog/syscall.h" +#include "userprog/tss.h" +#endif #ifdef FILESYS -#include "filesys.h" -#include "disk.h" -#include "fsutil.h" +#include "devices/disk.h" +#include "filesys/filesys.h" +#include "filesys/fsutil.h" #endif /* Amount of physical memory, in 4 kB pages. */ size_t ram_pages; +/* Page directory with kernel mappings only. */ +uint32_t *base_page_dir; + #ifdef FILESYS -/* Format the filesystem? */ +/* -f: Format the filesystem? */ static bool format_filesys; #endif #ifdef USERPROG -/* Initial program to run. */ +/* -ex: Initial program to run. */ static char *initial_program; #endif +/* -q: Power off after kernel tasks complete? */ +bool power_off_when_done; + static void ram_init (void); -static void gdt_init (void); +static void paging_init (void); static void argv_init (void); +static void print_stats (void); -static void -main_thread (void *aux UNUSED) -{ -#ifdef FILESYS - disk_init (); - filesys_init (format_filesys); - fsutil_run (); -#endif - -#ifdef USERPROG - if (initial_program != NULL) - thread_execute (initial_program); - else - PANIC ("no initial program specified"); -#endif -} +int main (void) NO_RETURN; int main (void) { - /* Initialize prerequisites for calling printk(). */ + /* Clear BSS and get machine's RAM size. */ ram_init (); + + /* Initialize ourselves as a thread so we can use locks. */ + thread_init (); + + /* Initialize the console so we can use printf(). */ vga_init (); - serial_init (); + serial_init_poll (); + console_init (); /* Greet user. */ - printk ("Booting cnachos86 with %'d kB RAM...\n", ram_pages * 4); + printf ("Pintos booting with %'zu kB RAM...\n", ram_pages * PGSIZE / 1024); /* Parse command line. */ argv_init (); /* Initialize memory system. */ palloc_init (); + malloc_init (); paging_init (); + + /* Segmentation. */ +#ifdef USERPROG + tss_init (); gdt_init (); - malloc_init (); +#endif + /* Set random seed if argv_init() didn't. */ random_init (0); /* Initialize interrupt handlers. */ intr_init (); timer_init (); kbd_init (); +#ifdef USERPROG + exception_init (); + syscall_init (); +#endif - /* Do everything else in a system thread. */ - thread_init (); - thread_create ("main", main_thread, NULL); + /* Start thread scheduler and enable interrupts. */ thread_start (); -} - -static uint64_t -make_seg_desc (uint32_t base, - uint32_t limit, - enum seg_system system, - enum seg_type type, - int dpl, - enum seg_granularity granularity) -{ - uint32_t e0 = ((limit & 0xffff) /* Limit 15:0. */ - | (base << 16)); /* Base 15:0. */ - uint32_t e1 = (((base >> 16) & 0xff) /* Base 23:16. */ - | (system << 12) /* 0=system, 1=code/data. */ - | (type << 8) /* Segment type. */ - | (dpl << 13) /* Descriptor privilege. */ - | (1 << 15) /* Present. */ - | (limit & 0xf0000) /* Limit 16:19. */ - | (1 << 22) /* 32-bit segment. */ - | (granularity << 23) /* Byte/page granularity. */ - | (base & 0xff000000)); /* Base 31:24. */ - return e0 | ((uint64_t) e1 << 32); -} + serial_init_queue (); + timer_calibrate (); -static uint64_t -make_code_desc (int dpl) -{ - return make_seg_desc (0, 0xfffff, SYS_CODE_DATA, TYPE_CODE | TYPE_READABLE, - dpl, GRAN_PAGE); -} - -static uint64_t -make_data_desc (int dpl) -{ - return make_seg_desc (0, 0xfffff, SYS_CODE_DATA, TYPE_WRITABLE, - dpl, GRAN_PAGE); -} - -static uint64_t -make_tss_desc (void *vaddr) -{ - return make_seg_desc ((uint32_t) vaddr, - 0x67, SYS_SYSTEM, TYPE_TSS_32_A, 0, GRAN_BYTE); -} - -static uint64_t gdt[SEL_CNT]; +#ifdef FILESYS + /* Initialize filesystem. */ + disk_init (); + filesys_init (format_filesys); + fsutil_run (); +#endif -struct tss *tss; + printf ("Boot complete.\n"); + +#ifdef USERPROG + /* Run a user program. */ + if (initial_program != NULL) + { + tid_t tid; + printf ("\nExecuting '%s':\n", initial_program); + tid = process_execute (initial_program); +#ifdef THREAD_JOIN_IMPLEMENTED + if (tid != TID_ERROR) + thread_join (tid); +#endif + } +#else + /* Run the compiled-in test function. */ + test (); +#endif -/* Sets up a proper GDT. The bootstrap loader's GDT didn't - include user-mode selectors or a TSS. */ -static void -gdt_init (void) -{ - uint64_t gdtr_operand; - - /* Our TSS is never used in a call gate or task gate, so only a - few fields of it are ever referenced, and those are the only - ones we initialize. */ - tss = palloc_get (PAL_ASSERT | PAL_ZERO); - tss->esp0 = (uint32_t) ptov(0x20000); - tss->ss0 = SEL_KDSEG; - tss->bitmap = 0xdfff; - - /* Initialize GDT. */ - gdt[SEL_NULL / sizeof *gdt] = 0; - gdt[SEL_KCSEG / sizeof *gdt] = make_code_desc (0); - gdt[SEL_KDSEG / sizeof *gdt] = make_data_desc (0); - gdt[SEL_UCSEG / sizeof *gdt] = make_code_desc (3); - gdt[SEL_UDSEG / sizeof *gdt] = make_data_desc (3); - gdt[SEL_TSS / sizeof *gdt] = make_tss_desc (tss); - - /* Load GDTR, TR. */ - gdtr_operand = make_dtr_operand (sizeof gdt - 1, gdt); - asm volatile ("lgdt %0" :: "m" (gdtr_operand)); - asm volatile ("ltr %w0" :: "r" (SEL_TSS)); + /* Finish up. */ + if (power_off_when_done) + power_off (); + else + thread_exit (); } - + +/* Clear BSS and obtain RAM size from loader. */ static void ram_init (void) { @@ -178,30 +153,75 @@ ram_init (void) extern char _start_bss, _end_bss; memset (&_start_bss, 0, &_end_bss - &_start_bss); - /* Get RAM size from loader. */ + /* Get RAM size from loader. See loader.S. */ ram_pages = *(uint32_t *) ptov (LOADER_RAM_PAGES); } - + +/* Populates the base page directory and page table with the + kernel virtual mapping, and then sets up the CPU to use the + new page directory. Points base_page_dir to the page + directory it creates. + + At the time this function is called, the active page table + (set up by loader.S) only maps the first 4 MB of RAM, so we + should not try to use extravagant amounts of memory. + Fortunately, there is no need to do so. */ +static void +paging_init (void) +{ + uint32_t *pd, *pt; + size_t page; + + pd = base_page_dir = palloc_get_page (PAL_ASSERT | PAL_ZERO); + pt = NULL; + for (page = 0; page < ram_pages; page++) + { + uintptr_t paddr = page * PGSIZE; + void *vaddr = ptov (paddr); + size_t pde_idx = pd_no (vaddr); + size_t pte_idx = pt_no (vaddr); + + if (pd[pde_idx] == 0) + { + pt = palloc_get_page (PAL_ASSERT | PAL_ZERO); + pd[pde_idx] = pde_create (pt); + } + + pt[pte_idx] = pte_create_kernel (vaddr, true); + } + + /* Store the physical address of the page directory into CR3 + aka PDBR (page directory base register). This activates our + new page tables immediately. See [IA32-v2a] "MOV--Move + to/from Control Registers" and [IA32-v3] 3.7.5. */ + asm volatile ("movl %0,%%cr3" :: "r" (vtop (base_page_dir))); +} + +/* Parses the command line. */ static void argv_init (void) { char *cmd_line, *pos; - char *argv[LOADER_CMD_LINE_LEN / 2 + 1]; + char *argv[LOADER_CMD_LINE_LEN / 2 + 2]; int argc = 0; int i; /* The command line is made up of null terminated strings followed by an empty string. Break it up into words. */ cmd_line = pos = ptov (LOADER_CMD_LINE); + printf ("Kernel command line:"); while (pos < cmd_line + LOADER_CMD_LINE_LEN) { ASSERT (argc < LOADER_CMD_LINE_LEN / 2); if (*pos == '\0') break; argv[argc++] = pos; + printf (" %s", pos); pos = strchr (pos, '\0') + 1; } + printf ("\n"); argv[argc] = ""; + argv[argc + 1] = ""; /* Parse the words. */ for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) @@ -209,15 +229,24 @@ argv_init (void) random_init (atoi (argv[++i])); else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-d")) debug_enable (argv[++i]); + else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-q")) + power_off_when_done = true; #ifdef USERPROG else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-ex")) initial_program = argv[++i]; + else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-ul")) + user_page_limit = atoi (argv[++i]); #endif #ifdef FILESYS - else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-f")) + else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-f")) format_filesys = true; - else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-cp")) - fsutil_copy_arg = argv[++i]; + else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-ci")) + { + fsutil_copyin_file = argv[++i]; + fsutil_copyin_size = atoi (argv[++i]); + } + else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-co")) + fsutil_copyout_file = argv[++i]; else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-p")) fsutil_print_file = argv[++i]; else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-r")) @@ -229,23 +258,68 @@ argv_init (void) #endif else if (!strcmp (argv[i], "-u")) { - printk ( + printf ( "Kernel options:\n" " -rs SEED Seed random seed to SEED.\n" " -d CLASS[,...] Enable the given classes of debug messages.\n" #ifdef USERPROG " -ex 'PROG [ARG...]' Run PROG, passing the optional arguments.\n" + " -ul USER_MAX Limit user memory to USER_MAX pages.\n" #endif #ifdef FILESYS - " -f Format the filesystem disk (hdb or ide0:1).\n" - " -cp FILENAME:SIZE Copy SIZE bytes from the scratch disk (hdc\n" - " ide1:0) into the filesystem as FILENAME\n" + " -f Format the filesystem disk (hdb or hd0:1).\n" + " -ci FILENAME SIZE Copy SIZE bytes from the scratch disk (hdc\n" + " or hd1:0) into the filesystem as FILENAME\n" + " -co FILENAME Copy FILENAME to the scratch disk, with\n" + " size at start of sector 0 and data afterward\n" " -p FILENAME Print the contents of FILENAME\n" " -r FILENAME Delete FILENAME\n" " -ls List the files in the filesystem\n" - " -D Dump complete filesystem contents\n"); + " -D Dump complete filesystem contents\n" #endif + " -q Power off after doing requested actions.\n" + " -u Print this help message and power off.\n" + ); + power_off (); } else - PANIC ("unknown option `%s'", argv[i]); + PANIC ("unknown option `%s' (use -u for help)", argv[i]); +} + +/* Powers down the machine we're running on, + as long as we're running on Bochs or qemu. */ +void +power_off (void) +{ + const char s[] = "Shutdown"; + const char *p; + +#ifdef FILESYS + filesys_done (); +#endif + + print_stats (); + + printf ("Powering off...\n"); + serial_flush (); + + for (p = s; *p != '\0'; p++) + outb (0x8900, *p); + for (;;); +} + +/* Print statistics about Pintos execution. */ +static void +print_stats (void) +{ + timer_print_stats (); + thread_print_stats (); +#ifdef FILESYS + disk_print_stats (); +#endif + console_print_stats (); + kbd_print_stats (); +#ifdef USERPROG + exception_print_stats (); +#endif }