+
++
+
+
+
+
+
(Information from Barry Yip <g609296@cc.win.or.jp>,
+Norman Diamond, NIIBE Yutaka and H. Peter Anvin, who
+contributed the photographs of his
+JP106 keyboard above and of his
+Japanese laptop.)
+
Common Japanese keyboards have five additional keys +(106-key, or 86-key for a notebook; these days there may also +be 3 extra Windows keys). These keys have scancodes +70 (hiragana/katakana), +73 (backslash/underscore), +79 (henkan/zenkouho), +7b (muhenkan), +7d (yen/vertical bar). +
+
| +USB | Scancode | Japanese | US | USB | Scancode | Japanese | US | |
| +53 | 29 | (hankaku/zenkaku) | (` / ~) | 47 | 1a | (@ / `) | ([ / {) | |
| +31 | 03 | (2 / ") | (2 / @) | 48 | 1b | ([ / {) | (] / }) | |
| +35 | 07 | (6 / &) | (6 / ^) | 51 | 27 | (; / +) | (; / :) | |
| +36 | 08 | (7 / ') | (7 / &) | 52 | 28 | (: / *) | (' / ") | |
| +37 | 09 | (8 / () | (8 / *) | 29 | 2b | (] / }) | (backslash / |) | |
| +38 | 0a | (9 / )) | (9 / () | 135 | 73 | (backslash / _) | ||
| +39 | 0b | (0 / ~) | (0 / )) | 139 | 7b | (muhenkan) | ||
| +45 | 0c | (- / =) | (- / _) | 138 | 79 | (henkan/zenkouho) | ||
| +46 | 0d | (^ / overbar) | (= / +) | 136 | 70 | (hiragana/katakana) | ||
| +137 | 7d | (\ / |) | ||||||
| + + |
ASCII and JIS-Roman differ in two or three points: the code positions +where ASCII has backslash, tilde, broken bar, +JIS-Roman uses yen, overbar and vertical bar, respectively. +
Some keyboards have the tilde printed on the keycap for the 0 key, some don't. +Similarly, some keyboards have the backslash printed on the keycap for the _ key +and some don't, but in all cases you need Shift to get _. +
+
Norman Diamond adds to the previous section: +
To the left of the spacebar, +(Shift-JIS) ³Ï· +(muhenkan) means no conversion +from kana to kanji. To the right of the spacebar, +Ï· +(henkan) means conversion from kana to kanji. In Microsoft systems +it converts the most recently input sequence of kana to the system's +first guess at a string of kanji/kana/etc. with the correct pronunciation +and a guess at the meaning. Repeated keypresses change it to other +possible guesses which are either less common or less recently used, +depending on the situation. The shifted version of this key is +Oòâ +(zenkouho) which means "previous candidate" -- "zen" means "previous", +while "kouho" means "candidate" (explanation courtesy of NIIBE Yutaka) +-- it rotates back to earlier guesses for kanji conversion. +The alt version of this key is +Sòâ +also pronounced (zenkouho), which means "all candidates" -- here, +"zen" means "all" -- it displays a menu of all known guesses. +I never use the latter two functions of the key, because after +pushing the henkan key about three times and not getting the desired guess, +it displays a menu of all known guesses anyway. +
Next on the right, +ÐçªÈ +(hiragana) means that +phonetic input uses one conventional Japanese phonetic alphabet, +which of course can be converted to kanji by pressing the henkan key later. +The shifted version is +J^Ji +(katakana) which means the other Japanese phonetic alphabet, +and the alt version is +[} +(ro-maji) which means the Roman alphabet. +
Near the upper left, +¼/S +(han/zen) means switch between hankaku +(half-size, the same size as an ASCII character) and zenkaku +(full-size, since the amount of space occupied by a kanji +is approximately a square, twice as fat as an ASCII character). +It only affects katakana and a few other characters +(for example there's a full-width copy of each ASCII character +in addition to the single-byte half-width encodings). +The alt version of this is +¿ +(kanji) which +actually causes typed Roman phonetic keys to be displayed as Japanese +phonetic kana (either hiragana or katakana depending on one of the other +keys described above) and doesn't cause conversion to kanji. +
+
John Bradford reports that he has a Japanese keyboard +(an IBM 5576 KEYBOARD-2, part number 94X1110) that by default +simulates US key layout. Thus, pressing the @ key yields scancodes +2a 03 (fake shift followed by digit 2), +pressing Shift - yields scancodes b6 0d +(fake shift down, =) with release 8d 36, etc. +
Thus, the (translated Set 2) scancodes can be read off the +table with differences between the +Japanese and the US layout. +
In this state the non-ASCII keys (Yen and overline) yield an error +(ff). The Japanese keys hankaku, kanji/katakana, muhenkan, +zenkoho/henkan, hiragana, zenmen ki, yield the codes expected from +keys in that position on a US keyboard: 29 (`/~), +38 (LAlt), 39 (space), 39 (space), +39 (space), e0 38 (RAlt), respectively. +
Switching the keyboard to Set 3 enables the Japanese keys. +In untranslated Set 3 these give codes: hankaku 0e, +Yen 13, overline (shift ^), kanji/katakana 19, +muhenkan 85, zenkoho/henkan 86, +hiragana 87, zenmen ki 39. +(Also: backslash/underscore 5c, bracketright/braceright 53.) +
This is the only keyboard I know that gives more information in Set 3 +than in Set 2. It reports +keyboard ID +ab 90. +
+
+
+
