X-Git-Url: https://pintos-os.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=doc%2Ftutorial.texi;h=540da62abd90d409219a73ac2004bdba46d11ea6;hb=HEAD;hp=984d4bff1866a7b008388ee7ed4a797c4f166306;hpb=2e1821bb1c08dd03d33e3ac5aba95624acabf3c1;p=pspp-builds.git diff --git a/doc/tutorial.texi b/doc/tutorial.texi index 984d4bff..540da62a 100644 --- a/doc/tutorial.texi +++ b/doc/tutorial.texi @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ should type. Throughout this chapter reference is made to a number of sample data files. So that you can try the examples for yourself, -you should have received these files along with your copy of PSPP. +you should have received these files along with your copy of PSPP.@c @footnote{These files contain purely fictitious data. They should not be used for research purposes.} @note{Normally these files are installed in the directory @@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ There are two aspects of data: For example, a data set which has the variables @var{height}, @var{weight}, and @var{name}, might have the observations: @example -188 89 Ahmed -119 107 Frank -123 67 Julie +1881 89.2 Ahmed +1192 107.01 Frank +1230 67 Julie @end example @noindent The following sections explain how to define a dataset. @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ and reads data into them by manual input. @float Example, data-list @cartouche @example -@prompt{PSPP>} data list list /forename (A12) height *. +@prompt{PSPP>} data list list /forename (A12) height. @prompt{PSPP>} begin data. @prompt{data>} Ahmed 188 @prompt{data>} Bertram 167 @@ -142,13 +142,8 @@ variables which you wish to define. The text @samp{forename} is the name of the first variable, and @samp{(A12)} says that the variable @var{forename} is a string variable and that its maximum length is 12 bytes. -The second variable's name is specified by the text @samp{height} -and the @samp{*} -means that this variable has the default format. -Instead of typing @samp{*} you could also have typed @samp{(F8.2)}, -however since @samp{F8.2} is the default format (unless you changed it -with the @cmd{SET} command (@pxref{SET})), it's quicker to simply type -@samp{*}. +The second variable's name is specified by the text @samp{height}. +Since no format is given, this variable has the default format. For more information on data formats, @pxref{Input and Output Formats}. @@ -220,7 +215,7 @@ Zachariah 113.02 You can can tell the @cmd{DATA LIST} command to read the data directly from this file instead of by manual entry, with a command like: @example -@prompt{PSPP>} data list file='mydata.dat' list /forename (A12) height *. +@prompt{PSPP>} data list file='mydata.dat' list /forename (A12) height. @end example @noindent Notice however, that it is still necessary to specify the names of the @@ -644,15 +639,16 @@ is hypothesis testing. Researchers commonly need to test hypotheses about a set of data. For example, she might want to test whether one set of data comes from the same distribution as another, -or does the mean of a dataset significantly differ from a particular +or +whether the mean of a dataset significantly differs from a particular value. This section presents just some of the possible tests that PSPP offers. The researcher starts by making a @dfn{null hypothesis}. Often this is a hypothesis which he suspects to be false. For example, if he suspects that @var{A} is greater than @var{B} he will -state the null hypothesis as @math{ @var{A} = @var{B}}. -@footnote{This example assumes that is it already proven that @var{B} is +state the null hypothesis as @math{ @var{A} = @var{B}}.@c +@footnote{This example assumes that it is already proven that @var{B} is not greater than @var{A}.} The @dfn{p-value} is a recurring concept in hypothesis testing.