X-Git-Url: https://pintos-os.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=doc%2Fstatistics.texi;h=c475f306b3644431b9e248e629b6e04b8b550b3b;hb=add3ba666ddc4f88fbf0934184c82e35c0787795;hp=cdc5fdf6706dee358a119e252273d0ce22caf4f3;hpb=12b00817442d691881d3565ebe51835cb6b11758;p=pspp diff --git a/doc/statistics.texi b/doc/statistics.texi index cdc5fdf670..c475f306b3 100644 --- a/doc/statistics.texi +++ b/doc/statistics.texi @@ -118,11 +118,7 @@ respectively. FREQUENCIES /VARIABLES=var_list /FORMAT=@{TABLE,NOTABLE,LIMIT(limit)@} - @{STANDARD,CONDENSE,ONEPAGE[(onepage_limit)]@} - @{LABELS,NOLABELS@} @{AVALUE,DVALUE,AFREQ,DFREQ@} - @{SINGLE,DOUBLE@} - @{OLDPAGE,NEWPAGE@} /MISSING=@{EXCLUDE,INCLUDE@} /STATISTICS=@{DEFAULT,MEAN,SEMEAN,MEDIAN,MODE,STDDEV,VARIANCE, KURTOSIS,SKEWNESS,RANGE,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM,SUM, @@ -130,8 +126,9 @@ FREQUENCIES /NTILES=ntiles /PERCENTILES=percent@dots{} /HISTOGRAM=[MINIMUM(x_min)] [MAXIMUM(x_max)] - [@{FREQ,PCNT@}] [@{NONORMAL,NORMAL@}] - /PIECHART=[MINIMUM(x_min)] [MAXIMUM(x_max)] @{NOMISSING,MISSING@} + [@{FREQ[(y_max)],PERCENT[(y_max)]@}] [@{NONORMAL,NORMAL@}] + /PIECHART=[MINIMUM(x_min)] [MAXIMUM(x_max)] + [@{FREQ,PERCENT@}] [@{NOMISSING,MISSING@}] (These options are not currently implemented.) /BARCHART=@dots{} @@ -142,11 +139,9 @@ FREQUENCIES The @cmd{FREQUENCIES} procedure outputs frequency tables for specified variables. @cmd{FREQUENCIES} can also calculate and display descriptive statistics -(including median and mode) and percentiles. - -@cmd{FREQUENCIES} also support graphical output in the form of -histograms and pie charts. In the future, it will be able to produce -bar charts and output percentiles for grouped data. +(including median and mode) and percentiles, +@cmd{FREQUENCIES} can also output +histograms and pie charts. The VARIABLES subcommand is the only required subcommand. Specify the variables to be analyzed. @@ -161,30 +156,11 @@ variable specified. NOTABLE prevents them from being output. LIMIT with a numeric argument causes them to be output except when there are more than the specified number of values in the table. -@item -STANDARD frequency tables contain more complete information, but also to -take up more space on the printed page. CONDENSE frequency tables are -less informative but take up less space. ONEPAGE with a numeric -argument will output standard frequency tables if there are the -specified number of values or less, condensed tables otherwise. ONEPAGE -without an argument defaults to a threshold of 50 values. - -@item -LABELS causes value labels to be displayed in STANDARD frequency -tables. NOLABLES prevents this. - @item Normally frequency tables are sorted in ascending order by value. This is AVALUE. DVALUE tables are sorted in descending order by value. AFREQ and DFREQ tables are sorted in ascending and descending order, respectively, by frequency count. - -@item -SINGLE spaced frequency tables are closely spaced. DOUBLE spaced -frequency tables have wider spacing. - -@item -OLDPAGE and NEWPAGE are not currently used. @end itemize The MISSING subcommand controls the handling of user-missing values. @@ -207,15 +183,15 @@ The NTILES subcommand causes the percentiles to be reported at the boundaries of the data set divided into the specified number of ranges. For instance, @code{/NTILES=4} would cause quartiles to be reported. +@cindex histogram The HISTOGRAM subcommand causes the output to include a histogram for -each specified numeric variable. The X axis by default ranges from the -minimum to the maximum value observed in the data, but the MINIMUM and -MAXIMUM keywords can set an explicit range. The Y axis by default is -labeled in frequencies; use the PERCENT keyword to causes it to be -labeled in percent of the total observed count. Specify NORMAL to -superimpose a normal curve on the histogram. -Histograms are not created for string variables. +each specified numeric variable. The X axis by default ranges from +the minimum to the maximum value observed in the data, but the MINIMUM +and MAXIMUM keywords can set an explicit range. Specify NORMAL to +superimpose a normal curve on the histogram. Histograms are not +created for string variables. +@cindex piechart The PIECHART adds a pie chart for each variable to the data. Each slice represents one value, with the size of the slice proportional to the value's frequency. By default, all non-missing values are given @@ -223,6 +199,9 @@ slices. The MINIMUM and MAXIMUM keywords can be used to limit the displayed slices to a given range of values. The MISSING keyword adds slices for missing values. +The FREQ and PERCENT options on HISTOGRAM and PIECHART are accepted +but not currently honored. + @node EXAMINE @comment node-name, next, previous, up @section EXAMINE @@ -266,7 +245,11 @@ values of the dependent variable. A number in parentheses determines how many upper and lower extremes to show. The default number is 5. +@cindex boxplot +@cindex histogram +@cindex npplot The PLOT subcommand specifies which plots are to be produced if any. +Available plots are HISTOGRAM, NPPLOT and BOXPLOT. The COMPARE subcommand is only relevant if producing boxplots, and it is only useful there is more than one dependent variable and at least one factor. If @@ -570,7 +553,9 @@ FACTOR VARIABLES=var_list [ /EXTRACTION=@{PC, PAF@}] - [ /PRINT=[INITIAL] [EXTRACTION] [UNIVARIATE] [CORRELATION] [COVARIANCE] [DET] [SIG] [ALL] [DEFAULT] ] + [ /ROTATION=@{VARIMAX, EQUAMAX, QUARTIMAX, NOROTATE@}] + + [ /PRINT=[INITIAL] [EXTRACTION] [ROTATION] [UNIVARIATE] [CORRELATION] [COVARIANCE] [DET] [SIG] [ALL] [DEFAULT] ] [ /PLOT=[EIGEN] ] @@ -590,6 +575,11 @@ The /EXTRACTION subcommand is used to specify the way in which factors (componen If PC is specified, then Principal Components Analysis is used. If PAF is specified, then Principal Axis Factoring is used. By default Principal Components Analysis will be used. +The /ROTATION subcommand is used to specify the method by which the extracted solution will be rotated. +Three methods are available: VARIMAX (which is the default), EQUAMAX, and QUARTIMAX. +If don't want any rotation to be performed, the word NOROTATE will prevent the command from performing any +rotation on the data. Oblique rotations are not supported. + The /METHOD subcommand should be used to determine whether the covariance matrix or the correlation matrix of the data is to be analysed. By default, the correlation matrix is analysed. @@ -602,6 +592,8 @@ The /PRINT subcommand may be used to select which features of the analysis are r Initial communalities and eigenvalues are printed. @item EXTRACTION Extracted communalities and eigenvalues are printed. +@item ROTATION + Rotated communalities and eigenvalues are printed. @item CORRELATION The correlation matrix is printed. @item COVARIANCE @@ -972,7 +964,7 @@ variables factored by a single independent variable. It is used to compare the means of a population divided into more than two groups. -The variables to be analysed should be given in the @code{VARIABLES} +The dependent variables to be analysed should be given in the @code{VARIABLES} subcommand. The list of variables must be followed by the @code{BY} keyword and the name of the independent (or factor) variable. @@ -998,6 +990,16 @@ If the total sum of the coefficients are not zero, then PSPP will display a warning, but will proceed with the analysis. The @code{CONTRAST} subcommand may be given up to 10 times in order to specify different contrast tests. +The @code{MISSING} subcommand defines how missing values are handled. +If LISTWISE is specified then cases which have missing values for +the independent variable or any dependent variable will be ignored. +If ANALYSIS is specified, then cases will be ignored if the independent +variable is missing or if the dependent variable currently being +analysed is missing. The default is ANALYSIS. +A setting of EXCLUDE means that variables whose values are +user-missing are to be excluded from the analysis. A setting of +INCLUDE means they are to be included. The default is EXCLUDE. + @node RANK @comment node-name, next, previous, up