[pspp] / src / data / sys-file-reader.c

/* PSPP - computes sample statistics.
   Copyright (C) 1997-9, 2000, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
   published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
   License, or (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
   General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
   02110-1301, USA. */

#include <config.h>

#include "sys-file-reader.h"
#include "sys-file-private.h"

#include <errno.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include <libpspp/alloc.h>
#include <libpspp/assertion.h>
#include <libpspp/message.h>
#include <libpspp/compiler.h>
#include <libpspp/magic.h>
#include <libpspp/misc.h>
#include <libpspp/pool.h>
#include <libpspp/str.h>
#include <libpspp/hash.h>
#include <libpspp/array.h>

#include "case.h"
#include "dictionary.h"
#include "file-handle-def.h"
#include "file-name.h"
#include "format.h"
#include "missing-values.h"
#include "value-labels.h"
#include "variable.h"
#include "value.h"

#include "c-ctype.h"
#include "inttostr.h"
#include "minmax.h"
#include "unlocked-io.h"
#include "xsize.h"

#include "gettext.h"
#define _(msgid) gettext (msgid)
#define N_(msgid) (msgid)

/* System file reader. */
struct sfm_reader
  {
    /* Resource tracking. */
    struct pool *pool;          /* All system file state. */
    jmp_buf bail_out;           /* longjmp() target for error handling. */

    /* File state. */
    struct file_handle *fh;     /* File handle. */
    FILE *file;                 /* File stream. */
    bool error;                 /* I/O or corruption error? */

    /* File format. */
    enum integer_format integer_format; /* On-disk integer format. */
    enum float_format float_format; /* On-disk floating point format. */
    int value_cnt;              /* Number of 8-byte units per case. */
    struct sfm_var *vars;       /* Variables. */
    size_t var_cnt;             /* Number of variables. */
    bool has_vls;               /* File has one or more very long strings? */

    /* Decompression. */
    bool compressed;            /* File is compressed? */
    double bias;                /* Compression bias, usually 100.0. */
    uint8_t opcodes[8];         /* Current block of opcodes. */
    size_t opcode_idx;          /* Next opcode to interpret, 8 if none left. */
  };

/* A variable in a system file. */
struct sfm_var 
  {
    int width;                  /* 0=numeric, otherwise string width. */
    int case_index;             /* Index into case. */
  };

static struct variable **make_var_by_value_idx (struct sfm_reader *,
                                                struct dictionary *);
static struct variable *lookup_var_by_value_idx (struct sfm_reader *,
                                                 struct variable **,
                                                 int value_idx);

static void sys_warn (struct sfm_reader *, const char *, ...)
     PRINTF_FORMAT (2, 3);

static void sys_error (struct sfm_reader *, const char *, ...)
     PRINTF_FORMAT (2, 3)
     NO_RETURN;

static void read_bytes (struct sfm_reader *, void *, size_t);
static bool try_read_bytes (struct sfm_reader *, void *, size_t);
static int32_t read_int32 (struct sfm_reader *);
static double read_flt64 (struct sfm_reader *);
static void read_string (struct sfm_reader *, char *, size_t);
static void skip_bytes (struct sfm_reader *, size_t);

static int32_t int32_to_native (const struct sfm_reader *, const uint8_t[4]);
static double flt64_to_double (const struct sfm_reader *, const uint8_t[8]);

static struct variable_to_value_map *open_variable_to_value_map (
  struct sfm_reader *, size_t size);
static void close_variable_to_value_map (struct sfm_reader *r,
                                         struct variable_to_value_map *);
static bool read_variable_to_value_map (struct sfm_reader *,
                                        struct dictionary *,
                                        struct variable_to_value_map *,
                                        struct variable **var, char **value,
                                        int *warning_cnt);
\f
/* Dictionary reader. */

enum which_format 
  {
    PRINT_FORMAT,
    WRITE_FORMAT
  };

static void read_header (struct sfm_reader *, struct dictionary *,
                         int *weight_idx, int *claimed_value_cnt,
                         struct sfm_read_info *);
static void read_variable_record (struct sfm_reader *, struct dictionary *,
                                  int *format_warning_cnt);
static void parse_format_spec (struct sfm_reader *, uint32_t,
                               enum which_format, struct variable *,
                               int *format_warning_cnt);
static void setup_weight (struct sfm_reader *, int weight_idx,
                          struct variable **var_by_value_idx,
                          struct dictionary *);
static void read_documents (struct sfm_reader *, struct dictionary *);
static void read_value_labels (struct sfm_reader *, struct dictionary *,
                               struct variable **var_by_value_idx);

static void read_extension_record (struct sfm_reader *, struct dictionary *);
static void read_machine_int32_info (struct sfm_reader *,
                                     size_t size, size_t count);
static void read_machine_flt64_info (struct sfm_reader *,
                                     size_t size, size_t count);
static void read_display_parameters (struct sfm_reader *,
                                     size_t size, size_t count,
                                     struct dictionary *);
static void read_long_var_name_map (struct sfm_reader *,
                                    size_t size, size_t count,
                                    struct dictionary *);
static void read_long_string_map (struct sfm_reader *,
                                  size_t size, size_t count,
                                  struct dictionary *);


/* Opens the system file designated by file handle FH for
   reading.  Reads the system file's dictionary into *DICT.
   If INFO is non-null, then it receives additional info about the
   system file. */
struct sfm_reader *
sfm_open_reader (struct file_handle *fh, struct dictionary **dict,
                 struct sfm_read_info *info)
{
  struct sfm_reader *volatile r = NULL;
  struct variable **var_by_value_idx;
  int format_warning_cnt = 0;
  int weight_idx;
  int claimed_value_cnt;
  int rec_type;
  size_t i;

  if (!fh_open (fh, FH_REF_FILE, "system file", "rs"))
    return NULL;

  *dict = dict_create ();

  /* Create and initialize reader. */
  r = pool_create_container (struct sfm_reader, pool);
  r->fh = fh;
  r->file = fn_open (fh_get_file_name (fh), "rb");
  r->error = false;
  r->value_cnt = 0;
  r->has_vls = false;
  r->opcode_idx = sizeof r->opcodes;

  if (setjmp (r->bail_out)) 
    {
      sfm_close_reader (r);
      dict_destroy (*dict);
      *dict = NULL;
      return NULL;
    }

  if (r->file == NULL)
    {
      msg (ME, _("Error opening \"%s\" for reading as a system file: %s."),
           fh_get_file_name (r->fh), strerror (errno));
      longjmp (r->bail_out, 1);
    }

  /* Read header. */
  read_header (r, *dict, &weight_idx, &claimed_value_cnt, info);

  /* Read all the variable definition records. */
  rec_type = read_int32 (r);
  while (rec_type == 2)
    {
      read_variable_record (r, *dict, &format_warning_cnt); 
      rec_type = read_int32 (r);
    }

  /* Figure out the case format. */
  var_by_value_idx = make_var_by_value_idx (r, *dict);
  setup_weight (r, weight_idx, var_by_value_idx, *dict);

  /* Read all the rest of the dictionary records. */
  while (rec_type != 999) 
    {
      switch (rec_type)
        {
        case 3:
          read_value_labels (r, *dict, var_by_value_idx);
          break;

        case 4:
          sys_error (r, _("Misplaced type 4 record."));

        case 6:
          read_documents (r, *dict);
          break;

        case 7:
          read_extension_record (r, *dict);
          break;

        default:
          sys_error (r, _("Unrecognized record type %d."), rec_type);
        }
      rec_type = read_int32 (r);
    }

  /* Read record 999 data, which is just filler. */
  read_int32 (r);

  if (claimed_value_cnt != -1 && claimed_value_cnt != r->value_cnt)
    sys_warn (r, _("File header claims %d variable positions but "
                   "%d were read from file."),
              claimed_value_cnt, r->value_cnt);

  /* Create an index of dictionary variable widths for
     sfm_read_case to use.  We cannot use the `struct variable's
     from the dictionary we created, because the caller owns the
     dictionary and may destroy or modify its variables. */
  r->var_cnt = dict_get_var_cnt (*dict);
  r->vars = pool_nalloc (r->pool, r->var_cnt, sizeof *r->vars);
  for (i = 0; i < r->var_cnt; i++) 
    {
      struct variable *v = dict_get_var (*dict, i);
      struct sfm_var *sv = &r->vars[i];
      sv->width = var_get_width (v);
      sv->case_index = var_get_case_index (v); 
    }

  pool_free (r->pool, var_by_value_idx);
  return r;
}

/* Closes a system file after we're done with it. */
void
sfm_close_reader (struct sfm_reader *r)
{
  if (r == NULL)
    return;

  if (r->file)
    {
      if (fn_close (fh_get_file_name (r->fh), r->file) == EOF)
        msg (ME, _("Error closing system file \"%s\": %s."),
             fh_get_file_name (r->fh), strerror (errno));
      r->file = NULL;
    }

  if (r->fh != NULL)
    fh_close (r->fh, "system file", "rs");

  pool_destroy (r->pool);
}

/* Returns true if an I/O error has occurred on READER, false
   otherwise. */
bool
sfm_read_error (const struct sfm_reader *reader) 
{
  return reader->error;
}

/* Returns true if FILE is an SPSS system file,
   false otherwise. */
bool
sfm_detect (FILE *file) 
{
  char rec_type[5];

  if (fread (rec_type, 4, 1, file) != 1)
    return false;
  rec_type[4] = '\0';
  
  return !strcmp ("$FL2", rec_type);
}
\f
/* Reads the global header of the system file.
   Sets DICT's file label to the system file's label.
   Sets *WEIGHT_IDX to 0 if the system file is unweighted,
   or to the value index of the weight variable otherwise.
   Sets *CLAIMED_VALUE_CNT to the number of values that the file
   claims to have (although it is not always correct).
   If INFO is non-null, initializes *INFO with header
   information. */   
static void
read_header (struct sfm_reader *r, struct dictionary *dict,
             int *weight_idx, int *claimed_value_cnt,
             struct sfm_read_info *info)
{
  char rec_type[5];
  char eye_catcher[61];
  uint8_t raw_layout_code[4];
  int case_cnt;
  uint8_t raw_bias[8];
  char creation_date[10];
  char creation_time[9];
  char file_label[65];
  struct substring file_label_ss;

  read_string (r, rec_type, sizeof rec_type);
  read_string (r, eye_catcher, sizeof eye_catcher);
  
  if (strcmp ("$FL2", rec_type) != 0)
    sys_error (r, _("This is not an SPSS system file."));

  /* Identify integer format. */
  read_bytes (r, raw_layout_code, sizeof raw_layout_code);
  if ((!integer_identify (2, raw_layout_code, sizeof raw_layout_code,
                          &r->integer_format)
       && !integer_identify (3, raw_layout_code, sizeof raw_layout_code,
                             &r->integer_format))
      || (r->integer_format != INTEGER_MSB_FIRST
          && r->integer_format != INTEGER_LSB_FIRST))
    sys_error (r, _("This is not an SPSS system file."));

  *claimed_value_cnt = read_int32 (r);
  if (*claimed_value_cnt < 0 || *claimed_value_cnt > INT_MAX / 16)
    *claimed_value_cnt = -1;

  r->compressed = read_int32 (r) != 0;

  *weight_idx = read_int32 (r);

  case_cnt = read_int32 (r);
  if (case_cnt < -1 || case_cnt > INT_MAX / 2)
    case_cnt = -1;

  /* Identify floating-point format and obtain compression bias. */
  read_bytes (r, raw_bias, sizeof raw_bias);
  if (float_identify (100.0, raw_bias, sizeof raw_bias, &r->float_format) == 0)
    {
      sys_warn (r, _("Compression bias (%g) is not the usual "
                     "value of 100, or system file uses unrecognized "
                     "floating-point format."),
                r->bias);
      if (r->integer_format == INTEGER_MSB_FIRST)
        r->float_format = FLOAT_IEEE_DOUBLE_BE;
      else
        r->float_format = FLOAT_IEEE_DOUBLE_LE;
    }
  float_convert (r->float_format, raw_bias, FLOAT_NATIVE_DOUBLE, &r->bias);

  read_string (r, creation_date, sizeof creation_date);
  read_string (r, creation_time, sizeof creation_time);
  read_string (r, file_label, sizeof file_label);
  skip_bytes (r, 3);
  
  file_label_ss = ss_cstr (file_label);
  ss_trim (&file_label_ss, ss_cstr (" "));
  if (!ss_is_empty (file_label_ss)) 
    {
      ss_data (file_label_ss)[ss_length (file_label_ss)] = '\0';
      dict_set_label (dict, ss_data (file_label_ss));
    }

  if (info)
    {
      struct substring product;

      strcpy (info->creation_date, creation_date);
      strcpy (info->creation_time, creation_time);
      info->integer_format = r->integer_format;
      info->float_format = r->float_format;
      info->compressed = r->compressed;
      info->case_cnt = case_cnt;

      product = ss_cstr (eye_catcher);
      ss_match_string (&product, ss_cstr ("@(#) SPSS DATA FILE"));
      ss_trim (&product, ss_cstr (" "));
      str_copy_buf_trunc (info->product, sizeof info->product,
                          ss_data (product), ss_length (product));
    }
}

/* Reads a variable (type 2) record from R and adds the
   corresponding variable to DICT.
   Also skips past additional variable records for long string
   variables. */
static void
read_variable_record (struct sfm_reader *r, struct dictionary *dict,
                      int *format_warning_cnt)
{
  int width;
  int has_variable_label;
  int missing_value_code;
  int print_format;
  int write_format;
  char name[9];

  struct variable *var;
  int nv;

  width = read_int32 (r);
  has_variable_label = read_int32 (r);
  missing_value_code = read_int32 (r);
  print_format = read_int32 (r);
  write_format = read_int32 (r);
  read_string (r, name, sizeof name);
  name[strcspn (name, " ")] = '\0';

  /* Check variable name. */
  if (name[0] == '$' || name[0] == '#')
    sys_error (r, "Variable name begins with invalid character `%c'.",
               name[0]);
  if (!var_is_plausible_name (name, false))
    sys_error (r, _("Invalid variable name `%s'."), name);

  /* Create variable. */
  if (width < 0 || width > 255)
    sys_error (r, _("Bad variable width %d."), width);
  var = dict_create_var (dict, name, width);
  if (var == NULL) 
    sys_error (r,
               _("Duplicate variable name `%s' within system file."),
               name);

  /* Set the short name the same as the long name */
  var_set_short_name (var, var_get_name (var));

  /* Get variable label, if any. */
  if (has_variable_label != 0 && has_variable_label != 1)
    sys_error (r, _("Variable label indicator field is not 0 or 1."));
  if (has_variable_label == 1)
    {
      size_t len;
      char label[255 + 1];

      len = read_int32 (r);
      if (len >= sizeof label)
        sys_error (r, _("Variable %s has label of invalid length %d."),
                   name, len);
      read_string (r, label, len + 1);
      var_set_label (var, label);
      
      skip_bytes (r, ROUND_UP (len, 4) - len);
    }

  /* Set missing values. */
  if (missing_value_code < -3 || missing_value_code > 3
      || missing_value_code == -1)
    sys_error (r, _("Missing value indicator field is not "
                    "-3, -2, 0, 1, 2, or 3."));
  if (missing_value_code != 0)
    {
      struct missing_values mv;
      mv_init (&mv, var_get_width (var));
      if (var_is_numeric (var)) 
        {
          if (missing_value_code > 0)
            {
              int i;
              for (i = 0; i < missing_value_code; i++)
                mv_add_num (&mv, read_flt64 (r));
            }
          else
            {
              double low = read_flt64 (r);
              double high = read_flt64 (r);
              mv_add_num_range (&mv, low, high);
              if (missing_value_code == -3)
                mv_add_num (&mv, read_flt64 (r));
            }
        }
      else if (var_get_width (var) <= MAX_SHORT_STRING)
        {
          if (missing_value_code > 0)
            {
              int i;
              for (i = 0; i < missing_value_code; i++)
                {
                  char string[9];
                  read_string (r, string, sizeof string);
                  mv_add_str (&mv, string); 
                }
            }
          else 
            sys_error (r, _("String variable %s may not have missing "
                            "values specified as a range."),
                       name);
        }
      else /* var->width > MAX_SHORT_STRING */
        sys_error (r, _("Long string variable %s may not have missing "
                        "values."),
                   name);
      var_set_missing_values (var, &mv);
    }

  /* Set formats. */
  parse_format_spec (r, print_format, PRINT_FORMAT, var, format_warning_cnt);
  parse_format_spec (r, write_format, WRITE_FORMAT, var, format_warning_cnt);

  /* Account for values.
     Skip long string continuation records, if any. */
  nv = width == 0 ? 1 : DIV_RND_UP (width, 8);
  r->value_cnt += nv;
  if (width > 8)
    {
      int i;

      for (i = 1; i < nv; i++)
        {
          /* Check for record type 2 and width -1. */
          if (read_int32 (r) != 2 || read_int32 (r) != -1)
            sys_error (r, _("Missing string continuation record."));

          /* Skip and ignore remaining continuation data. */
          has_variable_label = read_int32 (r);
          missing_value_code = read_int32 (r);
          print_format = read_int32 (r);
          write_format = read_int32 (r);
          read_string (r, name, sizeof name);

          /* Variable label fields on continuation records have
             been spotted in system files created by "SPSS Power
             Macintosh Release 6.1". */
          if (has_variable_label) 
            skip_bytes (r, ROUND_UP (read_int32 (r), 4));
        }
    }
}

/* Translates the format spec from sysfile format to internal
   format. */
static void
parse_format_spec (struct sfm_reader *r, uint32_t s,
                   enum which_format which, struct variable *v,
                   int *format_warning_cnt)
{
  const int max_format_warnings = 8;
  struct fmt_spec f;
  uint8_t raw_type = s >> 16;
  uint8_t w = s >> 8;
  uint8_t d = s;
  
  bool ok;
  
  if (!fmt_from_io (raw_type, &f.type))
    sys_error (r, _("Unknown variable format %d."), (int) raw_type);
  f.w = w;
  f.d = d;

  msg_disable ();
  ok = fmt_check_output (&f) && fmt_check_width_compat (&f, var_get_width (v));
  msg_enable ();
  
  if (ok) 
    {
      if (which == PRINT_FORMAT)
        var_set_print_format (v, &f);
      else
        var_set_write_format (v, &f);
    }
  else if (*++format_warning_cnt <= max_format_warnings)
    {
      char fmt_string[FMT_STRING_LEN_MAX + 1];
      sys_warn (r, _("%s variable %s has invalid %s format %s."),
                var_is_numeric (v) ? _("Numeric") : _("String"),
                var_get_name (v),
                which == PRINT_FORMAT ? _("print") : _("write"),
                fmt_to_string (&f, fmt_string));

      if (*format_warning_cnt == max_format_warnings)
        sys_warn (r, _("Suppressing further invalid format warnings."));
    }
}

/* Sets the weighting variable in DICT to the variable
   corresponding to the given 1-based VALUE_IDX, if VALUE_IDX is
   nonzero. */
static void
setup_weight (struct sfm_reader *r, int weight_idx,
              struct variable **var_by_value_idx, struct dictionary *dict) 
{
  if (weight_idx != 0)
    {
      struct variable *weight_var
        = lookup_var_by_value_idx (r, var_by_value_idx, weight_idx);
      if (var_is_numeric (weight_var))
        dict_set_weight (dict, weight_var);
      else
        sys_error (r, _("Weighting variable must be numeric."));
    }
}

/* Reads a document record, type 6, from system file R, and sets up
   the documents and n_documents fields in the associated
   dictionary. */
static void
read_documents (struct sfm_reader *r, struct dictionary *dict)
{
  int line_cnt;
  char *documents;

  if (dict_get_documents (dict) != NULL)
    sys_error (r, _("Multiple type 6 (document) records."));

  line_cnt = read_int32 (r);
  if (line_cnt <= 0)
    sys_error (r, _("Number of document lines (%d) "
                    "must be greater than 0."), line_cnt);

  documents = pool_nmalloc (r->pool, line_cnt + 1, 80);
  read_string (r, documents, 80 * line_cnt + 1);
  dict_set_documents (dict, documents);
  pool_free (r->pool, documents);
}

/* Read a type 7 extension record. */
static void
read_extension_record (struct sfm_reader *r, struct dictionary *dict)
{
  int subtype = read_int32 (r);
  size_t size = read_int32 (r);
  size_t count = read_int32 (r);
  size_t bytes = size * count;

  /* Check that SIZE * COUNT + 1 doesn't overflow.  Adding 1
     allows an extra byte for a null terminator, used by some
     extension processing routines. */
  if (size != 0 && size_overflow_p (xsum (1, xtimes (count, size))))
    sys_error (r, "Record type 7 subtype %d too large.", subtype);

  switch (subtype)
    {
    case 3:
      read_machine_int32_info (r, size, count);
      return;

    case 4:
      read_machine_flt64_info (r, size, count);
      return;

    case 5:
      /* Variable sets information.  We don't use these yet.
         They only apply to GUIs; see VARSETS on the APPLY
         DICTIONARY command in SPSS documentation. */
      break;

    case 6:
      /* DATE variable information.  We don't use it yet, but we
         should. */
      break;
                
    case 7:
      /* Unknown purpose. */
      break;
      
    case 11:
      read_display_parameters (r, size, count, dict);
      return;

    case 13:
      read_long_var_name_map (r, size, count, dict);
      return;

    case 14:
      read_long_string_map (r, size, count, dict);
      return;

    case 16:
      /* New in SPSS v14?  Unknown purpose.  */
      break;

    case 17:
      /* Text field that defines variable attributes.  New in
         SPSS 14. */
      break;
      
    default:
      sys_warn (r, _("Unrecognized record type 7, subtype %d."), subtype);
      break;
    }

  skip_bytes (r, bytes);
}

/* Read record type 7, subtype 3. */
static void
read_machine_int32_info (struct sfm_reader *r, size_t size, size_t count)
{
  int version_major UNUSED = read_int32 (r);
  int version_minor UNUSED = read_int32 (r);
  int version_revision UNUSED = read_int32 (r);
  int machine_code UNUSED = read_int32 (r);
  int float_representation = read_int32 (r);
  int compression_code UNUSED = read_int32 (r);
  int integer_representation = read_int32 (r);
  int character_code UNUSED = read_int32 (r);

  int expected_float_format;
  int expected_integer_format;

  if (size != 4 || count != 8)
    sys_error (r, _("Bad size (%d) or count (%d) field on record type 7, "
                    "subtype 3."),
               size, count);

  /* Check floating point format. */
  if (r->float_format == FLOAT_IEEE_DOUBLE_BE
      || r->float_format == FLOAT_IEEE_DOUBLE_LE)
    expected_float_format = 1;
  else if (r->float_format == FLOAT_Z_LONG)
    expected_float_format = 2;
  else if (r->float_format == FLOAT_VAX_G || r->float_format == FLOAT_VAX_D)
    expected_float_format = 3;
  else
    NOT_REACHED ();
  if (float_representation != expected_float_format)
    sys_error (r, _("Floating-point representation indicated by "
                    "system file (%d) differs from expected (%d)."),
               r->float_format, expected_float_format);

  /* Check integer format. */
  if (r->integer_format == INTEGER_MSB_FIRST)
    expected_integer_format = 1;
  else if (r->integer_format == INTEGER_LSB_FIRST)
    expected_integer_format = 2;
  else
    NOT_REACHED ();
  if (integer_representation != expected_integer_format)
    {
      static const char *endian[] = {N_("little-endian"), N_("big-endian")};
      sys_warn (r, _("Integer format indicated by system file (%s) "
                     "differs from expected (%s)."),
                gettext (endian[integer_representation == 1]),
                gettext (endian[expected_integer_format == 1]));
    }
}

/* Read record type 7, subtype 4. */
static void
read_machine_flt64_info (struct sfm_reader *r, size_t size, size_t count)
{
  double sysmis = read_flt64 (r);
  double highest = read_flt64 (r);
  double lowest = read_flt64 (r);

  if (size != 8 || count != 3)
    sys_error (r, _("Bad size (%d) or count (%d) on extension 4."),
               size, count);

  if (sysmis != SYSMIS)
    sys_warn (r, _("File specifies unexpected value %g as SYSMIS."), sysmis);
  if (highest != HIGHEST)
    sys_warn (r, _("File specifies unexpected value %g as HIGHEST."), highest);
  if (lowest != LOWEST)
    sys_warn (r, _("File specifies unexpected value %g as LOWEST."), lowest);
}

/* Read record type 7, subtype 11, which specifies how variables
   should be displayed in GUI environments. */
static void
read_display_parameters (struct sfm_reader *r, size_t size, size_t count,
                         struct dictionary *dict)
{
  const size_t n_vars = count / 3 ;
  bool warned = false;
  int i;

  if (count % 3 || n_vars != dict_get_var_cnt (dict)) 
    sys_error (r, _("Bad size (%d) or count (%d) on extension 11."),
               size, count);

  for (i = 0; i < n_vars; ++i) 
    {
      int measure = read_int32 (r);
      int width = read_int32 (r);
      int align = read_int32 (r);
      struct variable *v;

      if (!measure_is_valid (measure) || !alignment_is_valid (align))
        {
          if (!warned)
            sys_warn (r, _("Invalid variable display parameters.  "
                           "Default parameters substituted."));
          warned = true;
          continue;
        }

      v = dict_get_var (dict, i);
      var_set_measure (v, measure);
      var_set_display_width (v, width);
      var_set_alignment (v, align);
    }
}

/* Reads record type 7, subtype 13, which gives the long name
   that corresponds to each short name.  Modifies variable names
   in DICT accordingly.  */
static void
read_long_var_name_map (struct sfm_reader *r, size_t size, size_t count,
                        struct dictionary *dict)
{
  struct variable_to_value_map *map;
  struct variable *var;
  char *long_name;
  int warning_cnt = 0;
  
  map = open_variable_to_value_map (r, size * count);
  while (read_variable_to_value_map (r, dict, map, &var, &long_name,
                                     &warning_cnt))
    {
      char short_name[SHORT_NAME_LEN + 1];
      strcpy (short_name, var_get_short_name (var));

      /* Validate long name. */
      if (!var_is_valid_name (long_name, false))
        {
          sys_warn (r, _("Long variable mapping from %s to invalid "
                         "variable name `%s'."),
                    var_get_name (var), long_name);
          continue;
        }
                      
      /* Identify any duplicates. */
      if (strcasecmp (short_name, long_name)
          && dict_lookup_var (dict, long_name) != NULL)
        {
          sys_warn (r, _("Duplicate long variable name `%s' "
                         "within system file."), long_name);
          continue;
        }

      /* Set long name.  Renaming a variable may clear the short
         name, but we want to retain it, so re-set it
         explicitly. */
      dict_rename_var (dict, var, long_name);
      var_set_short_name (var, short_name);
    }
  close_variable_to_value_map (r, map);
}

/* Reads record type 7, subtype 14, which gives the real length
   of each very long string.  Rearranges DICT accordingly. */
static void
read_long_string_map (struct sfm_reader *r, size_t size, size_t count,
                      struct dictionary *dict)
{
  struct variable_to_value_map *map;
  struct variable *var;
  char *length_s;
  int warning_cnt = 0;

  r->has_vls = true;

  map = open_variable_to_value_map (r, size * count);
  while (read_variable_to_value_map (r, dict, map, &var, &length_s,
                                     &warning_cnt))
    {
      long length, remaining_length;
      size_t idx;

      /* Get length. */
      length = strtol (length_s, NULL, 10);
      if (length < MIN_VERY_LONG_STRING || length == LONG_MAX) 
        {
          sys_warn (r, _("%s listed as string of length %s "
                         "in length table."),
                    var_get_name (var), length_s);
          continue;
        }

      /* Group multiple variables into single variable
         and delete all but the first. */
      remaining_length = length;
      for (idx = var_get_dict_index (var); remaining_length > 0; idx++)
        if (idx < dict_get_var_cnt (dict)) 
          remaining_length -= MIN (var_get_width (dict_get_var (dict, idx)),
                                   EFFECTIVE_LONG_STRING_LENGTH);
        else
          sys_error (r, _("Very long string %s overflows dictionary."),
                     var_get_name (var));
      dict_delete_consecutive_vars (dict,
                                    var_get_dict_index (var) + 1,
                                    idx - var_get_dict_index (var) - 1);

      /* Assign all the length to the first variable. */
      var_set_width (var, length);
    }
  close_variable_to_value_map (r, map);
  dict_compact_values (dict);
}

/* Reads value labels from sysfile H and inserts them into the
   associated dictionary. */
static void
read_value_labels (struct sfm_reader *r,
                   struct dictionary *dict, struct variable **var_by_value_idx)
{
  struct pool *subpool;
  
  struct label 
    {
      char raw_value[8];        /* Value as uninterpreted bytes. */
      union value value;        /* Value. */
      char *label;              /* Null-terminated label string. */
    };

  struct label *labels = NULL;
  int label_cnt;                /* Number of labels. */

  struct variable **var = NULL; /* Associated variables. */
  int var_cnt;                  /* Number of associated variables. */

  int i;

  subpool = pool_create_subpool (r->pool);

  /* Read the type 3 record and record its contents.  We can't do
     much with the data yet because we don't know whether it is
     of numeric or string type. */

  /* Read number of labels. */
  label_cnt = read_int32 (r);

  if (label_cnt >= INT32_MAX / sizeof *labels)
    {    
      sys_warn (r, _("Invalid number of labels: %d.  Ignoring labels."),
                label_cnt);
      label_cnt = 0;
    }

  /* Read each value/label tuple into labels[]. */
  labels = pool_nalloc (subpool, label_cnt, sizeof *labels);
  for (i = 0; i < label_cnt; i++)
    {
      struct label *label = labels + i;
      unsigned char label_len;
      size_t padded_len;

      /* Read value. */
      read_bytes (r, label->raw_value, sizeof label->raw_value);

      /* Read label length. */
      read_bytes (r, &label_len, sizeof label_len);
      padded_len = ROUND_UP (label_len + 1, 8);

      /* Read label, padding. */
      label->label = pool_alloc (subpool, padded_len + 1);
      read_bytes (r, label->label, padded_len - 1);
      label->label[label_len] = 0;
    }

  /* Now, read the type 4 record that has the list of variables
     to which the value labels are to be applied. */

  /* Read record type of type 4 record. */
  if (read_int32 (r) != 4)
    sys_error (r, _("Variable index record (type 4) does not immediately "
                    "follow value label record (type 3) as it should."));

  /* Read number of variables associated with value label from type 4
     record. */
  var_cnt = read_int32 (r);
  if (var_cnt < 1 || var_cnt > dict_get_var_cnt (dict))
    sys_error (r, _("Number of variables associated with a value label (%d) "
                    "is not between 1 and the number of variables (%d)."),
               var_cnt, dict_get_var_cnt (dict));

  /* Read the list of variables. */
  var = pool_nalloc (subpool, var_cnt, sizeof *var);
  for (i = 0; i < var_cnt; i++)
    {
      var[i] = lookup_var_by_value_idx (r, var_by_value_idx, read_int32 (r));
      if (var_is_long_string (var[i]))
        sys_error (r, _("Value labels are not allowed on long string "
                        "variables (%s)."), var_get_name (var[i]));
    }

  /* Type check the variables. */
  for (i = 1; i < var_cnt; i++)
    if (var_get_type (var[i]) != var_get_type (var[0]))
      sys_error (r, _("Variables associated with value label are not all of "
                      "identical type.  Variable %s is %s, but variable "
                      "%s is %s."),
                 var_get_name (var[0]),
                 var_is_numeric (var[0]) ? _("numeric") : _("string"),
                 var_get_name (var[i]),
                 var_is_numeric (var[i]) ? _("numeric") : _("string"));

  /* Fill in labels[].value, now that we know the desired type. */
  for (i = 0; i < label_cnt; i++) 
    {
      struct label *label = labels + i;
      
      if (var_is_alpha (var[0]))
        buf_copy_rpad (label->value.s, sizeof label->value.s,
                       label->raw_value, sizeof label->raw_value);
      else
        label->value.f = flt64_to_double (r, (uint8_t *) label->raw_value);
    }
  
  /* Assign the `value_label's to each variable. */
  for (i = 0; i < var_cnt; i++)
    {
      struct variable *v = var[i];
      int j;

      /* Add each label to the variable. */
      for (j = 0; j < label_cnt; j++)
        {
          struct label *label = &labels[j];
          if (!var_add_value_label (v, &label->value, label->label)) 
            {
              if (var_is_numeric (var[0]))
                sys_warn (r, _("Duplicate value label for %g on %s."),
                          label->value.f, var_get_name (v));
              else
                sys_warn (r, _("Duplicate value label for \"%.*s\" on %s."),
                          var_get_width (v), label->value.s,
                          var_get_name (v)); 
            }
        }
    }

  pool_destroy (subpool);
}
\f
/* Case reader. */

static void partial_record (struct sfm_reader *r)
     NO_RETURN;
static bool read_case_number (struct sfm_reader *, double *);
static bool read_case_string (struct sfm_reader *, char *, size_t);
static int read_opcode (struct sfm_reader *);
static bool read_compressed_number (struct sfm_reader *, double *);
static bool read_compressed_string (struct sfm_reader *, char *);
static bool read_whole_strings (struct sfm_reader *, char *, size_t);

/* Reads one case from READER's file into C.  Returns nonzero
   only if successful. */
int
sfm_read_case (struct sfm_reader *r, struct ccase *c)
{
  if (r->error)
    return 0;

  if (setjmp (r->bail_out))
    return 0;

  if (!r->compressed && sizeof (double) == 8 && !r->has_vls) 
    {
      /* Fast path.  Read the whole case directly. */
      if (!try_read_bytes (r, case_data_all_rw (c),
                         sizeof (union value) * r->value_cnt))
        return 0;

      /* Convert floating point numbers to native format if needed. */
      if (r->float_format != FLOAT_NATIVE_DOUBLE) 
        {
          int i;
          
          for (i = 0; i < r->var_cnt; i++) 
            if (r->vars[i].width == 0) 
              {
                double *d = &case_data_rw_idx (c, r->vars[i].case_index)->f;
                float_convert (r->float_format, d, FLOAT_NATIVE_DOUBLE, d); 
              }
        }
      return 1;
    }
  else 
    {
      /* Slow path.  Convert from external to internal format. */
      int i;

      for (i = 0; i < r->var_cnt; i++)
        {
          struct sfm_var *sv = &r->vars[i];
          union value *v = case_data_rw_idx (c, sv->case_index);

          if (sv->width == 0) 
            {
              if (!read_case_number (r, &v->f))
                goto eof; 
            }
          else
            {
              /* Read the string data in segments up to 255 bytes
                 at a time, packed into 8-byte units. */
              const int max_chunk = MIN_VERY_LONG_STRING - 1;
              int ofs, chunk_size;
              for (ofs = 0; ofs < sv->width; ofs += chunk_size)
                {
                  chunk_size = MIN (max_chunk, sv->width - ofs);
                  if (!read_case_string (r, v->s + ofs, chunk_size)) 
                    {
                      if (ofs)
                        partial_record (r);
                      goto eof; 
                    }
                }

              /* Very long strings have trailing wasted space
                 that we must skip. */
              if (sv->width >= MIN_VERY_LONG_STRING) 
                {
                  int bytes_read = (sv->width / max_chunk * 256
                                    + ROUND_UP (sv->width % max_chunk, 8));
                  int total_bytes = sfm_width_to_bytes (sv->width);
                  int excess_bytes = total_bytes - bytes_read;

                  while (excess_bytes > 0) 
                    {
                      char buffer[1024];
                      size_t chunk = MIN (sizeof buffer, excess_bytes);
                      if (!read_whole_strings (r, buffer, chunk))
                        partial_record (r);
                      excess_bytes -= chunk;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
      return 1; 

    eof:
      if (i != 0)
        partial_record (r);
      return 0;
    }
}

/* Issues an error that R ends in a partial record. */
static void
partial_record (struct sfm_reader *r)
{
  sys_error (r, _("File ends in partial case."));
}

/* Reads a number from R and stores its value in *D.
   If R is compressed, reads a compressed number;
   otherwise, reads a number in the regular way.
   Returns true if successful, false if end of file is
   reached immediately. */
static bool
read_case_number (struct sfm_reader *r, double *d) 
{
  if (!r->compressed)
    {
      uint8_t flt64[8];
      if (!try_read_bytes (r, flt64, sizeof flt64))
        return false;
      *d = flt64_to_double (r, flt64);
      return true;
    }
  else
    return read_compressed_number (r, d);
}

/* Reads LENGTH string bytes from R into S.
   Always reads a multiple of 8 bytes; if LENGTH is not a
   multiple of 8, then extra bytes are read and discarded without
   being written to S.
   Reads compressed strings if S is compressed.
   Returns true if successful, false if end of file is
   reached immediately. */
static bool
read_case_string (struct sfm_reader *r, char *s, size_t length) 
{
  size_t whole = ROUND_DOWN (length, 8);
  size_t partial = length % 8;
  
  if (whole) 
    {
      if (!read_whole_strings (r, s, whole))
        return false;
    }

  if (partial)
    {
      char bounce[8];
      if (!read_whole_strings (r, bounce, sizeof bounce))
        {
          if (whole)
            partial_record (r);
          return false; 
        }
      memcpy (s + whole, bounce, partial);
    }

  return true;
}

/* Reads and returns the next compression opcode from R. */
static int
read_opcode (struct sfm_reader *r) 
{
  assert (r->compressed);
  for (;;)
    {
      int opcode;
      if (r->opcode_idx >= sizeof r->opcodes) 
        {
          if (!try_read_bytes (r, r->opcodes, sizeof r->opcodes))
            return -1;
          r->opcode_idx = 0;
        }
      opcode = r->opcodes[r->opcode_idx++];

      if (opcode != 0)
        return opcode;
    }
}

/* Reads a compressed number from R and stores its value in D.
   Returns true if successful, false if end of file is
   reached immediately. */
static bool
read_compressed_number (struct sfm_reader *r, double *d)
{
  int opcode = read_opcode (r); 
  switch (opcode)
    {
    case -1:
    case 252:
      return false;

    case 253:
      *d = read_flt64 (r);
      break;
      
    case 254:
      sys_error (r, _("Compressed data is corrupt."));

    case 255:
      *d = SYSMIS;
      break;

    default:
      *d = opcode - r->bias;
      break;
    }

  return true;
}

/* Reads a compressed 8-byte string segment from R and stores it
   in DST.
   Returns true if successful, false if end of file is
   reached immediately. */
static bool
read_compressed_string (struct sfm_reader *r, char *dst)
{
  switch (read_opcode (r))
    {
    case -1:
    case 252:
      return false;

    case 253:
      read_bytes (r, dst, 8);
      break;

    case 254:
      memset (dst, ' ', 8);
      break;

    default:
      sys_error (r, _("Compressed data is corrupt."));
    }

  return true;
}

/* Reads LENGTH string bytes from R into S.
   LENGTH must be a multiple of 8.
   Reads compressed strings if S is compressed.
   Returns true if successful, false if end of file is
   reached immediately. */
static bool
read_whole_strings (struct sfm_reader *r, char *s, size_t length)
{
  assert (length % 8 == 0);
  if (!r->compressed)
    return try_read_bytes (r, s, length);
  else
    {
      size_t ofs;
      for (ofs = 0; ofs < length; ofs += 8)
        if (!read_compressed_string (r, s + ofs)) 
          {
            if (ofs != 0)
              partial_record (r);
            return false;
          }
      return true;
    }
}
\f
/* Creates and returns a table that can be used for translating a value
   index into a case to a "struct variable *" for DICT.  Multiple
   system file fields reference variables this way.

   This table must be created before processing the very long
   string extension record, because that record causes some
   values to be deleted from the case and the dictionary to be
   compacted. */
static struct variable **
make_var_by_value_idx (struct sfm_reader *r, struct dictionary *dict) 
{
  struct variable **var_by_value_idx;
  int value_idx = 0;
  int i;

  var_by_value_idx = pool_nmalloc (r->pool,
                                   r->value_cnt, sizeof *var_by_value_idx);
  for (i = 0; i < dict_get_var_cnt (dict); i++) 
    {
      struct variable *v = dict_get_var (dict, i);
      int nv = var_is_numeric (v) ? 1 : DIV_RND_UP (var_get_width (v), 8);
      int j;

      var_by_value_idx[value_idx++] = v;
      for (j = 1; j < nv; j++)
        var_by_value_idx[value_idx++] = NULL;
    }
  assert (value_idx == r->value_cnt);

  return var_by_value_idx;
}

/* Returns the "struct variable" corresponding to the given
   1-basd VALUE_IDX in VAR_BY_VALUE_IDX.  Verifies that the index
   is valid. */
static struct variable *
lookup_var_by_value_idx (struct sfm_reader *r,
                         struct variable **var_by_value_idx, int value_idx) 
{
  struct variable *var;
  
  if (value_idx < 1 || value_idx > r->value_cnt)
    sys_error (r, _("Variable index %d not in valid range 1...%d."),
               value_idx, r->value_cnt);

  var = var_by_value_idx[value_idx - 1];
  if (var == NULL)
    sys_error (r, _("Variable index %d refers to long string "
                    "continuation."),
               value_idx);

  return var;
}

/* Returns the variable in D with the given SHORT_NAME,
   or a null pointer if there is none. */
static struct variable *
lookup_var_by_short_name (struct dictionary *d, const char *short_name)
{
  struct variable *var;
  size_t var_cnt;
  size_t i;

  /* First try looking up by full name.  This often succeeds. */
  var = dict_lookup_var (d, short_name);
  if (var != NULL && !strcasecmp (var_get_short_name (var), short_name))
    return var;

  /* Iterate through the whole dictionary as a fallback. */
  var_cnt = dict_get_var_cnt (d);
  for (i = 0; i < var_cnt; i++) 
    {
      var = dict_get_var (d, i);
      if (!strcasecmp (var_get_short_name (var), short_name))
        return var;
    }

  return NULL;
}
\f
/* Helpers for reading records that contain "variable=value"
   pairs. */

/* State. */
struct variable_to_value_map 
  {
    struct substring buffer;    /* Record contents. */
    size_t pos;                 /* Current position in buffer. */
  };

/* Reads SIZE bytes into a "variable=value" map for R,
   and returns the map. */
static struct variable_to_value_map *
open_variable_to_value_map (struct sfm_reader *r, size_t size) 
{
  struct variable_to_value_map *map = pool_alloc (r->pool, sizeof *map);
  char *buffer = pool_malloc (r->pool, size + 1);
  read_bytes (r, buffer, size);
  map->buffer = ss_buffer (buffer, size);
  map->pos = 0;
  return map;
}

/* Closes MAP and frees its storage.
   Not really needed, because the pool will free the map anyway,
   but can be used to free it earlier. */
static void
close_variable_to_value_map (struct sfm_reader *r,
                             struct variable_to_value_map *map) 
{
  pool_free (r->pool, ss_data (map->buffer));
}

/* Reads the next variable=value pair from MAP.
   Looks up the variable in DICT and stores it into *VAR.
   Stores a null-terminated value into *VALUE. */
static bool
read_variable_to_value_map (struct sfm_reader *r, struct dictionary *dict,
                            struct variable_to_value_map *map,
                            struct variable **var, char **value,
                            int *warning_cnt) 
{
  int max_warnings = 5;
  
  for (;;) 
    {
      struct substring short_name_ss, value_ss;

      if (!ss_tokenize (map->buffer, ss_cstr ("="), &map->pos, &short_name_ss)
          || !ss_tokenize (map->buffer, ss_buffer ("\t\0", 2), &map->pos,
                           &value_ss)) 
        {
          if (*warning_cnt > max_warnings)
            sys_warn (r, _("Suppressed %d additional variable map warnings."),
                      *warning_cnt - max_warnings);
          return false; 
        }
      
      map->pos += ss_span (ss_substr (map->buffer, map->pos, SIZE_MAX),
                           ss_buffer ("\t\0", 2));

      ss_data (short_name_ss)[ss_length (short_name_ss)] = '\0';
      *var = lookup_var_by_short_name (dict, ss_data (short_name_ss));
      if (*var == NULL)
        {
          if (++*warning_cnt <= 5)
            sys_warn (r, _("Variable map refers to unknown variable %s."),
                      ss_data (short_name_ss));
          continue;
        }

      ss_data (value_ss)[ss_length (value_ss)] = '\0';
      *value = ss_data (value_ss);

      return true;
    }
}
\f
/* Messages. */

/* Displays a corruption message. */
static void
sys_msg (struct sfm_reader *r, int class, const char *format, va_list args)
{
  struct msg m;
  struct string text;

  ds_init_empty (&text);
  ds_put_format (&text, "\"%s\" near offset 0x%lx: ",
                 fh_get_file_name (r->fh), (unsigned long) ftell (r->file));
  ds_put_vformat (&text, format, args);

  m.category = msg_class_to_category (class);
  m.severity = msg_class_to_severity (class);
  m.where.file_name = NULL;
  m.where.line_number = 0;
  m.text = ds_cstr (&text);

  msg_emit (&m);
}

/* Displays a warning for the current file position. */
static void
sys_warn (struct sfm_reader *r, const char *format, ...) 
{
  va_list args;
  
  va_start (args, format);
  sys_msg (r, MW, format, args);
  va_end (args);
}

/* Displays an error for the current file position,
   marks it as in an error state,
   and aborts reading it using longjmp. */
static void
sys_error (struct sfm_reader *r, const char *format, ...) 
{
  va_list args;
  
  va_start (args, format);
  sys_msg (r, ME, format, args);
  va_end (args);

  r->error = true;
  longjmp (r->bail_out, 1);
}
\f
/* Reads BYTE_CNT bytes into BUF.
   Returns true if exactly BYTE_CNT bytes are successfully read.
   Aborts if an I/O error or a partial read occurs.
   If EOF_IS_OK, then an immediate end-of-file causes false to be
   returned; otherwise, immediate end-of-file causes an abort
   too. */
static inline bool
read_bytes_internal (struct sfm_reader *r, bool eof_is_ok,
                   void *buf, size_t byte_cnt)
{
  size_t bytes_read = fread (buf, 1, byte_cnt, r->file);
  if (bytes_read == byte_cnt)
    return true;
  else if (ferror (r->file))
    sys_error (r, _("System error: %s."), strerror (errno));
  else if (!eof_is_ok || bytes_read != 0)
    sys_error (r, _("Unexpected end of file."));
  else
    return false;
}

/* Reads BYTE_CNT into BUF.
   Aborts upon I/O error or if end-of-file is encountered. */
static void
read_bytes (struct sfm_reader *r, void *buf, size_t byte_cnt)
{
  read_bytes_internal (r, false, buf, byte_cnt);
}

/* Reads BYTE_CNT bytes into BUF.
   Returns true if exactly BYTE_CNT bytes are successfully read.
   Returns false if an immediate end-of-file is encountered.
   Aborts if an I/O error or a partial read occurs. */
static bool
try_read_bytes (struct sfm_reader *r, void *buf, size_t byte_cnt)
{
  return read_bytes_internal (r, true, buf, byte_cnt);
}

/* Reads a 32-bit signed integer from R and returns its value in
   host format. */
static int32_t
read_int32 (struct sfm_reader *r) 
{
  uint8_t int32[4];
  read_bytes (r, int32, sizeof int32);
  return int32_to_native (r, int32);
}

/* Reads a 64-bit floating-point number from R and returns its
   value in host format. */
static double
read_flt64 (struct sfm_reader *r) 
{
  uint8_t flt64[8];
  read_bytes (r, flt64, sizeof flt64);
  return flt64_to_double (r, flt64);
}

/* Reads exactly SIZE - 1 bytes into BUFFER
   and stores a null byte into BUFFER[SIZE - 1]. */
static void
read_string (struct sfm_reader *r, char *buffer, size_t size) 
{
  assert (size > 0);
  read_bytes (r, buffer, size - 1);
  buffer[size - 1] = '\0';
}

/* Skips BYTES bytes forward in R. */
static void
skip_bytes (struct sfm_reader *r, size_t bytes)
{
  while (bytes > 0) 
    {
      char buffer[1024];
      size_t chunk = MIN (sizeof buffer, bytes);
      read_bytes (r, buffer, chunk);
      bytes -= chunk;
    }
}
\f
/* Returns the value of the 32-bit signed integer at INT32,
   converted from the format used by R to the host format. */
static int32_t
int32_to_native (const struct sfm_reader *r, const uint8_t int32[4]) 
{
  int32_t x;
  if (r->integer_format == INTEGER_NATIVE)
    memcpy (&x, int32, sizeof x);
  else
    x = integer_get (r->integer_format, int32, sizeof x);
  return x;
}

/* Returns the value of the 64-bit floating point number at
   FLT64, converted from the format used by R to the host
   format. */
static double
flt64_to_double (const struct sfm_reader *r, const uint8_t flt64[8])
{
  double x;
  if (r->float_format == FLOAT_NATIVE_DOUBLE)
    memcpy (&x, flt64, sizeof x);
  else
    float_convert (r->float_format, flt64, FLOAT_NATIVE_DOUBLE, &x);
  return x;
}