2 * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009, 2010 Nicira Networks.
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
18 #include "reconnect.h"
23 #include "poll-loop.h"
25 #define THIS_MODULE VLM_reconnect
30 STATE(BACKOFF, 1 << 1) \
31 STATE(START_CONNECT, 1 << 2) \
32 STATE(CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS, 1 << 3) \
33 STATE(ACTIVE, 1 << 4) \
35 STATE(RECONNECT, 1 << 6)
37 #define STATE(NAME, VALUE) S_##NAME = VALUE,
43 is_connected_state(enum state state)
45 return (state & (S_ACTIVE | S_IDLE)) != 0;
57 long long int state_entered;
59 long long int last_received;
60 long long int last_connected;
61 unsigned int max_tries;
63 /* These values are simply for statistics reporting, not otherwise used
64 * directly by anything internal. */
65 long long int creation_time;
66 unsigned int n_attempted_connections, n_successful_connections;
67 unsigned int total_connected_duration;
71 static void reconnect_transition__(struct reconnect *, long long int now,
73 static long long int reconnect_deadline__(const struct reconnect *);
74 static bool reconnect_may_retry(struct reconnect *);
77 reconnect_state_name__(enum state state)
80 #define STATE(NAME, VALUE) case S_##NAME: return #NAME;
87 /* Creates and returns a new reconnect FSM with default settings. The FSM is
88 * initially disabled. The caller will likely want to call reconnect_enable()
89 * and reconnect_set_name() on the returned object. */
91 reconnect_create(long long int now)
93 struct reconnect *fsm = xzalloc(sizeof *fsm);
95 fsm->name = xstrdup("void");
96 fsm->min_backoff = 1000;
97 fsm->max_backoff = 8000;
98 fsm->probe_interval = 5000;
101 fsm->state_entered = now;
103 fsm->last_received = now;
104 fsm->last_connected = now;
105 fsm->max_tries = UINT_MAX;
106 fsm->creation_time = now;
113 reconnect_destroy(struct reconnect *fsm)
121 /* Returns 'fsm''s name. */
123 reconnect_get_name(const struct reconnect *fsm)
128 /* Sets 'fsm''s name to 'name'. If 'name' is null, then "void" is used
131 * The name set for 'fsm' is used in log messages. */
133 reconnect_set_name(struct reconnect *fsm, const char *name)
136 fsm->name = xstrdup(name ? name : "void");
139 /* Return the minimum number of milliseconds to back off between consecutive
140 * connection attempts. The default is 1000 ms. */
142 reconnect_get_min_backoff(const struct reconnect *fsm)
144 return fsm->min_backoff;
147 /* Return the maximum number of milliseconds to back off between consecutive
148 * connection attempts. The default is 8000 ms. */
150 reconnect_get_max_backoff(const struct reconnect *fsm)
152 return fsm->max_backoff;
155 /* Returns the "probe interval" for 'fsm' in milliseconds. If this is zero, it
156 * disables the connection keepalive feature. If it is nonzero, then if the
157 * interval passes while 'fsm' is connected and without reconnect_received()
158 * being called for 'fsm', reconnect_run() returns RECONNECT_PROBE. If the
159 * interval passes again without reconnect_received() being called,
160 * reconnect_run() returns RECONNECT_DISCONNECT for 'fsm'. */
162 reconnect_get_probe_interval(const struct reconnect *fsm)
164 return fsm->probe_interval;
167 /* Limits the maximum number of times that 'fsm' will ask the client to try to
168 * reconnect to 'max_tries'. UINT_MAX (the default) means an unlimited number
171 * After the number of tries has expired, the 'fsm' will disable itself
172 * instead of backing off and retrying. */
174 reconnect_set_max_tries(struct reconnect *fsm, unsigned int max_tries)
176 fsm->max_tries = max_tries;
179 /* Returns the current remaining number of connection attempts, UINT_MAX if
180 * the number is unlimited. */
182 reconnect_get_max_tries(struct reconnect *fsm)
184 return fsm->max_tries;
187 /* Configures the backoff parameters for 'fsm'. 'min_backoff' is the minimum
188 * number of milliseconds, and 'max_backoff' is the maximum, between connection
191 * 'min_backoff' must be at least 1000, and 'max_backoff' must be greater than
192 * or equal to 'min_backoff'. */
194 reconnect_set_backoff(struct reconnect *fsm, int min_backoff, int max_backoff)
196 fsm->min_backoff = MAX(min_backoff, 1000);
197 fsm->max_backoff = max_backoff ? MAX(max_backoff, 1000) : 8000;
198 if (fsm->min_backoff > fsm->max_backoff) {
199 fsm->max_backoff = fsm->min_backoff;
202 if (fsm->state == S_BACKOFF && fsm->backoff > max_backoff) {
203 fsm->backoff = max_backoff;
207 /* Sets the "probe interval" for 'fsm' to 'probe_interval', in milliseconds.
208 * If this is zero, it disables the connection keepalive feature. If it is
209 * nonzero, then if the interval passes while 'fsm' is connected and without
210 * reconnect_received() being called for 'fsm', reconnect_run() returns
211 * RECONNECT_PROBE. If the interval passes again without reconnect_received()
212 * being called, reconnect_run() returns RECONNECT_DISCONNECT for 'fsm'.
214 * If 'probe_interval' is nonzero, then it will be forced to a value of at
217 reconnect_set_probe_interval(struct reconnect *fsm, int probe_interval)
219 fsm->probe_interval = probe_interval ? MAX(1000, probe_interval) : 0;
222 /* Returns true if 'fsm' has been enabled with reconnect_enable(). Calling
223 * another function that indicates a change in connection state, such as
224 * reconnect_disconnected() or reconnect_force_reconnect(), will also enable
225 * a reconnect FSM. */
227 reconnect_is_enabled(const struct reconnect *fsm)
229 return fsm->state != S_VOID;
232 /* If 'fsm' is disabled (the default for newly created FSMs), enables it, so
233 * that the next call to reconnect_run() for 'fsm' will return
236 * If 'fsm' is not disabled, this function has no effect. */
238 reconnect_enable(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now)
240 if (fsm->state == S_VOID && reconnect_may_retry(fsm)) {
241 reconnect_transition__(fsm, now, S_BACKOFF);
246 /* Disables 'fsm'. Until 'fsm' is enabled again, reconnect_run() will always
249 reconnect_disable(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now)
251 if (fsm->state != S_VOID) {
252 reconnect_transition__(fsm, now, S_VOID);
256 /* If 'fsm' is enabled and currently connected (or attempting to connect),
257 * forces reconnect_run() for 'fsm' to return RECONNECT_DISCONNECT the next
258 * time it is called, which should cause the client to drop the connection (or
259 * attempt), back off, and then reconnect. */
261 reconnect_force_reconnect(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now)
263 if (fsm->state & (S_START_CONNECT | S_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS
264 | S_ACTIVE | S_IDLE)) {
265 reconnect_transition__(fsm, now, S_RECONNECT);
269 /* Tell 'fsm' that the connection dropped or that a connection attempt failed.
270 * 'error' specifies the reason: a positive value represents an errno value,
271 * EOF indicates that the connection was closed by the peer (e.g. read()
272 * returned 0), and 0 indicates no specific error.
274 * The FSM will back off, then reconnect. */
276 reconnect_disconnected(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now, int error)
278 if (!(fsm->state & (S_BACKOFF | S_VOID))) {
279 /* Report what happened. */
280 if (fsm->state & (S_ACTIVE | S_IDLE)) {
282 VLOG_WARN("%s: connection dropped (%s)",
283 fsm->name, strerror(error));
284 } else if (error == EOF) {
285 VLOG_INFO("%s: connection closed by peer", fsm->name);
287 VLOG_INFO("%s: connection dropped", fsm->name);
291 VLOG_WARN("%s: connection attempt failed (%s)",
292 fsm->name, strerror(error));
294 VLOG_INFO("%s: connection attempt timed out", fsm->name);
299 if (fsm->state & (S_ACTIVE | S_IDLE)
300 && fsm->last_received - fsm->last_connected >= fsm->backoff) {
301 fsm->backoff = fsm->min_backoff;
303 if (fsm->backoff < fsm->min_backoff) {
304 fsm->backoff = fsm->min_backoff;
305 } else if (fsm->backoff >= fsm->max_backoff / 2) {
306 fsm->backoff = fsm->max_backoff;
310 VLOG_INFO("%s: waiting %.3g seconds before reconnect\n",
311 fsm->name, fsm->backoff / 1000.0);
314 reconnect_transition__(fsm, now,
315 reconnect_may_retry(fsm) ? S_BACKOFF : S_VOID);
319 /* Tell 'fsm' that a connection attempt is in progress.
321 * The FSM will start a timer, after which the connection attempt will be
322 * aborted (by returning RECONNECT_DISCONNECT from reconect_run()). */
324 reconnect_connecting(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now)
326 if (fsm->state != S_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS) {
327 VLOG_INFO("%s: connecting...", fsm->name);
328 reconnect_transition__(fsm, now, S_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS);
332 /* Tell 'fsm' that the connection was successful.
334 * The FSM will start the probe interval timer, which is reset by
335 * reconnect_received(). If the timer expires, a probe will be sent (by
336 * returning RECONNECT_PROBE from reconnect_run()). If the timer expires
337 * again without being reset, the connection will be aborted (by returning
338 * RECONNECT_DISCONNECT from reconnect_run()). */
340 reconnect_connected(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now)
342 if (!is_connected_state(fsm->state)) {
343 reconnect_connecting(fsm, now);
345 VLOG_INFO("%s: connected", fsm->name);
346 reconnect_transition__(fsm, now, S_ACTIVE);
347 fsm->last_connected = now;
351 /* Tell 'fsm' that the connection attempt failed.
353 * The FSM will back off and attempt to reconnect. */
355 reconnect_connect_failed(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now, int error)
357 reconnect_connecting(fsm, now);
358 reconnect_disconnected(fsm, now, error);
361 /* Tell 'fsm' that some data was received. This resets the probe interval
362 * timer, so that the connection is known not to be idle. */
364 reconnect_received(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now)
366 if (fsm->state != S_ACTIVE) {
367 reconnect_transition__(fsm, now, S_ACTIVE);
369 fsm->last_received = now;
373 reconnect_transition__(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now,
376 if (fsm->state == S_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS) {
377 fsm->n_attempted_connections++;
378 if (state == S_ACTIVE) {
379 fsm->n_successful_connections++;
382 if (is_connected_state(fsm->state) != is_connected_state(state)) {
383 if (is_connected_state(fsm->state)) {
384 fsm->total_connected_duration += now - fsm->last_connected;
389 VLOG_DBG("%s: entering %s", fsm->name, reconnect_state_name__(state));
391 fsm->state_entered = now;
395 reconnect_deadline__(const struct reconnect *fsm)
397 assert(fsm->state_entered != LLONG_MIN);
398 switch (fsm->state) {
403 return fsm->state_entered + fsm->backoff;
405 case S_START_CONNECT:
406 case S_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS:
407 return fsm->state_entered + MAX(1000, fsm->backoff);
410 if (fsm->probe_interval) {
411 long long int base = MAX(fsm->last_received, fsm->state_entered);
412 return base + fsm->probe_interval;
417 return fsm->state_entered + fsm->probe_interval;
420 return fsm->state_entered;
426 /* Assesses whether any action should be taken on 'fsm'. The return value is
429 * - 0: The client need not take any action.
431 * - RECONNECT_CONNECT: The client should start a connection attempt and
432 * indicate this by calling reconnect_connecting(). If the connection
433 * attempt has definitely succeeded, it should call
434 * reconnect_connected(). If the connection attempt has definitely
435 * failed, it should call reconnect_connect_failed().
437 * The FSM is smart enough to back off correctly after successful
438 * connections that quickly abort, so it is OK to call
439 * reconnect_connected() after a low-level successful connection
440 * (e.g. connect()) even if the connection might soon abort due to a
441 * failure at a high-level (e.g. SSL negotiation failure).
443 * - RECONNECT_DISCONNECT: The client should abort the current connection
444 * or connection attempt and call reconnect_disconnected() or
445 * reconnect_connect_failed() to indicate it.
447 * - RECONNECT_PROBE: The client should send some kind of request to the
448 * peer that will elicit a response, to ensure that the connection is
449 * indeed in working order. (This will only be returned if the "probe
450 * interval" is nonzero--see reconnect_set_probe_interval()).
452 enum reconnect_action
453 reconnect_run(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now)
455 if (now >= reconnect_deadline__(fsm)) {
456 switch (fsm->state) {
461 return RECONNECT_CONNECT;
463 case S_START_CONNECT:
464 case S_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS:
465 return RECONNECT_DISCONNECT;
468 VLOG_DBG("%s: idle %lld ms, sending inactivity probe", fsm->name,
469 now - MAX(fsm->last_received, fsm->state_entered));
470 reconnect_transition__(fsm, now, S_IDLE);
471 return RECONNECT_PROBE;
474 VLOG_ERR("%s: no response to inactivity probe after %.3g "
475 "seconds, disconnecting",
476 fsm->name, (now - fsm->state_entered) / 1000.0);
477 return RECONNECT_DISCONNECT;
480 return RECONNECT_DISCONNECT;
485 return fsm->state == S_START_CONNECT ? RECONNECT_CONNECT : 0;
489 /* Causes the next call to poll_block() to wake up when reconnect_run() should
490 * be called on 'fsm'. */
492 reconnect_wait(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now)
494 int timeout = reconnect_timeout(fsm, now);
496 poll_timer_wait(timeout);
500 /* Returns the number of milliseconds after which reconnect_run() should be
501 * called on 'fsm' if nothing else notable happens in the meantime, or a
502 * negative number if this is currently unnecessary. */
504 reconnect_timeout(struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now)
506 long long int deadline = reconnect_deadline__(fsm);
507 if (deadline != LLONG_MAX) {
508 long long int remaining = deadline - now;
509 return MAX(0, MIN(INT_MAX, remaining));
514 /* Returns true if 'fsm' is currently believed to be connected, that is, if
515 * reconnect_connected() was called more recently than any call to
516 * reconnect_connect_failed() or reconnect_disconnected() or
517 * reconnect_disable(), and false otherwise. */
519 reconnect_is_connected(const struct reconnect *fsm)
521 return is_connected_state(fsm->state);
524 /* Returns the number of milliseconds for which 'fsm' has been continuously
525 * connected to its peer. (If 'fsm' is not currently connected, this is 0.) */
527 reconnect_get_connection_duration(const struct reconnect *fsm,
530 return reconnect_is_connected(fsm) ? now - fsm->last_connected : 0;
533 /* Copies various statistics for 'fsm' into '*stats'. */
535 reconnect_get_stats(const struct reconnect *fsm, long long int now,
536 struct reconnect_stats *stats)
538 stats->creation_time = fsm->creation_time;
539 stats->last_received = fsm->last_received;
540 stats->last_connected = fsm->last_connected;
541 stats->backoff = fsm->backoff;
542 stats->seqno = fsm->seqno;
543 stats->is_connected = reconnect_is_connected(fsm);
544 stats->current_connection_duration
545 = reconnect_get_connection_duration(fsm, now);
546 stats->total_connected_duration = (stats->current_connection_duration
547 + fsm->total_connected_duration);
548 stats->n_attempted_connections = fsm->n_attempted_connections;
549 stats->n_successful_connections = fsm->n_successful_connections;
550 stats->state = reconnect_state_name__(fsm->state);
551 stats->state_elapsed = now - fsm->state_entered;
555 reconnect_may_retry(struct reconnect *fsm)
557 bool may_retry = fsm->max_tries > 0;
558 if (may_retry && fsm->max_tries != UINT_MAX) {